Hazelnut Trebizond: description and characteristics of the variety, cultivation, reproduction

Hazelnuts are very useful for the human body, as for the Trebizond variety. High-quality nuts are not cheap, so buying them can be problematic. The way out of the situation is to plant hazelnuts in the area near the house. Good tree care, and after a while it will be possible to feast on nuts grown by one's own hands.

Description and characteristics of hazelnut Trebizond

The variety is a perennial shrub, reaching a height of 7 m. It has long flexible branches densely covered with rounded leaf plates. The dark green crown changes color by autumn and becomes burgundy. Trebizond hazelnut often plays the role of decoration in the garden.

The flowering of the variety begins in December in winter and continues until March. The shrub has both female and male flowers. Buds and earrings have reddish stigmas. They endure the most severe frosts, while maintaining vital activity.

Nut buds close in cold weather and open in warm weather. This is a great indicator of changing weather conditions. The plant is cross-pollinated, no bees or other insects are needed for reproduction. To increase the yield of hazelnuts, different varieties of nuts are planted in the garden.

The hazelnut variety differs from the wild hazel in the size of the fruit. They are several times larger, the tasty fruit is covered with a thin shell. You can eat nuts already at the end of summer.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

Cultural Virtues:

• nutritious fruits with an incredible nutty flavor;
• landing at the site;
• possibility of accelerating fruiting;
• rich harvest;
• manual and mechanical assembly possible.

Maturation crop much earlier than other varieties. As for the shortcomings, Trebizond has no obvious disadvantages. Each person who has tried to grow a variety of hazelnuts determines them independently, based on their own preferences.

Features of growing crops

Agricultural technology - without this part, it is impossible to get he althy and strong shrubs that will regularly produce crops. The importance is the place for planting, the material, as well as the scheme according to which the shrub is planted.

When and where to plant?

Climatic conditions are taken into account before the event. Planting hazelnuts in areas with a warm climate is carried out in early autumn.The root system is firmly fixed in the chosen place until the first winter cold. Thanks to the climate, the shrub has enough time to stock up on moisture. After winter, this will help the hazelnuts grow immediately.

Spring planting is recommended in the northern and central regions. In the second case, planting in the fall is also allowed.

Hazelnuts have the ability to adapt well to any soil composition. Thanks to this feature, the walnut is grown not only on an industrial scale, but also on the plots of amateur gardeners. Trebizond will grow well in a place where cucumbers and tomatoes cannot be planted.

Walnut is not afraid of rocky terrain. He will suit the soil that cannot be plowed and watered. This does not affect the yield in any way, the hazelnut keeps its performance in decent norms.

Preparation of planting material

After propagation of hazelnuts, young seedlings are obtained, this moment plays an important role.If a young tree for planting is obtained in the wrong way, fruiting is delayed. In turn, the shrub begins to produce nuts no earlier than after 5 years. The fruits are crooked and very small.

Before planting, hazelnut seedlings should undergo a little preparation. They are kept for some time in water or wet soil. The root system must be completely immersed in liquid or moist soil. There are no other specific procedures. Even an inexperienced person who has not previously planted crops can handle this.

Fit specifics

Stamp planting is best for crop. The following schemes are suitable for Trebizond - 4 x 5, 4 x 6, 5 x 6 and 6 x 6. The classic ones include nesting. The selected plants are planted in a circle, adhering to the 6 x 6 scheme. In this case, the root shoots are removed, and the plants are formed into a single trunk.

Before planting, the land is fertilized. A mixture prepared at home is suitable. Phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are mixed with manure in a ratio of 2:1. Additionally, 5 kg of manure is poured into each hole.

After planting, hazelnut seedlings are pruned.

All sprouts must have the same height. From the surface of the earth should be no more than 20 cm.

Hazelnut care

If the planting of seedlings was successful, this does not mean that you can forget about the further existence of the nut. For successful growth, hazelnuts need care until the seedlings are strong. We are talking about the standard scheme - watering, fertilizing, mulching. Also don't forget about pruning.

Irrigation system and periods

Ideal - planting a nut near water bodies. This option solves the problem with watering. If it is not possible to plant hazelnut seedlings near the pond, drip irrigation is constructed from a barrel.

If the tree does not receive enough moisture, the nuts will be small. Watering of young seedlings is carried out in the first 3 years after planting. One young tree takes at least 3 buckets of water. The calculation is as follows - 300 liters of water goes per hundred square meters.

At the time of ripening hazelnuts watering increases. The schedule for soil saturation with moisture is developed based on precipitation in a particular area.

The irrigation system is divided into 5 parts and is designed for a year:

1. The first watering of trees is carried out at the end of May.
2. Saturation of the soil with moisture is repeated at the beginning of summer. As a rule, during this period, the vegetative growth of the nut and its flowering are noted.
3. The beginning of the third period falls in the middle of summer. At this time, fruit formation is formed on the hazelnuts.
4. The fifth and final period is held in the middle of autumn. The plant needs to stock up on moisture, and thus prepare for the winter period.

In the fourth year after planting hazelnuts, soil saturation with moisture increases. Shrubs need moisture even more if various herbal plants grow next to them. When flowers or bushes grow between tree trunks, watering is doubled.

Fertilizer

Mineral fertilizer is poured into the hole prepared for seedlings. It is based on potassium s alt, superphosphate and humus. The next stage of fertilization occurs during the formation of fruits. At the beginning of summer, hazelnuts are fed with urea.

A substance with a concentration of 0.5% is taken. Based on it, a nutrient solution is prepared. Fertilizer is also prepared from compost. It is considered one of the best fertilizers, as it is best absorbed by the roots.

Mulching

The procedure has a lot of advantages, so it must be done.If you mulch the trunk circles, this will help retain moisture. A layer laid on the surface of the soil prevents the growth of weeds. Air masses easily penetrate the hazelnut root system, in turn, air exchange prevents decay.

Pruning plants

Removal of extra branches is carried out after flowering is completed. The main stems are shortened by half during the first 6 years. In this case, the height of the tree should be within 2.5 m. Pruning of side shoots is carried out up to 4 buds.

If Trebizond has reached the age of 6 years, it should have no more than 10-15 shoots. Their height is 2.3 m. Each of them must be covered with flowers and have fruits.

At seven-year-old hazelnuts, the side branches are broken in half, making sure that 6-8 leaves remain from the base. The pruning method is called drying. Thanks to the pruning carried out according to this method, more light and air enter the crown.In turn, this has a beneficial effect on the maturation of fruit buds.

Diseases and pests of crops

Insects that often annoy hazelnuts are false shield, barbel, nut weevil, cockchafer, mites and aphids. To combat them, insecticides and pesticides are used. Treatment with solutions is carried out in the spring.

Improper care of seedlings leads to diseases such as powdery mildew and brown spot. Hazelnuts respond well to treatment with drugs that contain copper in their composition. It can be Bordeaux liquid or copper oxychloride. Powdery mildew dies after contact with sulfur-based solutions.

Reproduction methods

The classic way to get new seedlings is to plant branches - layering.

The process is not considered difficult and goes as follows:

1. Horizontal grooves of shallow depth are dug in the soil. Branches are placed in them and pinned. For this, last year's shoots are suitable. The old ones do not take root so quickly and are characterized by slow development.
2. From above everything is covered with humus
3. The grooves are watered, and oblique cuts are made at the attachment points. The latter accelerates the growth of kidneys.
4. The upper parts of the branches are tied up, and the growing point is pinched.

The procedure is carried out in early spring or autumn.

Collection and storage of hazelnuts

Nuts begin to pick from the branches at the end of August. The readiness of the crop for harvest is evidenced by dry wrappers and falling fruits. The collected nuts are dried and prepared for further storage.

If hazelnuts are planned to be stored for no more than a year, the fruits are kept indoors at a temperature of +4-+13 degrees. Storage for 3 years is possible, while the temperature should not go beyond 0-+3 degrees. The harvest from one bush reaches 15 kg.

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