Shrub roses: description of varieties, planting and care in the open field, reproduction

Proper bush growing of roses is not only a concern for those who deal with flowers professionally for sale. Specific advice will be useful to everyone - both amateurs and just enthusiasts. A distant relative of wild rose, this species has long become independent. Outwardly unpretentious, the rose bush needs care when planted in open ground. And how to propagate a spray rose so that it grows and develops is a great sacrament.

General description of colors

Propagating a spray rose in the garden is a fun, exciting activity. The size and shape of the buds of the plant vary widely.The rose bush grows in breadth, scattering lateral branches to the sides, or upwards, maintaining a pyramidal orientation. There are many well-known varieties of roses, each of which is different from the others. Among the common features that unite the diversity of spray roses is a clear gradation of stems into annual and main, uterine.

The average height of a bush varies from 25 centimeters to 3 meters. The leaf of a spray rose is elongated, rounded in shape. Along the edge there is a pattern of small teeth. Below it is complemented by a pair of adjoining stipules. Flowers (buds) of a spray rose - with miniature petals, in which from 5 to 120 petals.

Combinations are possible, both single buds and those forming an inflorescence, where there can be up to 2 hundred of them. The configuration of the flower remains unique. It is classified as pompom, saucer-shaped, bowl-shaped, flat, ball, peony. It differs in spray roses and the color of the bud. It is difficult to find two similar ones, breeders are specially working on obtaining unique shades.

The only thing that has not yet been achieved is a bright blue color. The spectacle of delicate buds of a spray rose fascinates, makes the hearts of connoisseurs and florists tremble.

Spruce rose varieties

The splendor of species, varieties of spray roses makes it possible to choose any of them, in proportion to taste and wallet. Bright and discreet, miniature and large, compact and giant, future spray roses are waiting for their customers from planting material suppliers. Blossoming buds are used in floristry, to decorate garden plots.

Piano red

Red bush variety, with unusually lush buds (each with up to a hundred petals). The shape is a regular ball, when opened it becomes like a bowl. Refers to old English varieties.

Suitable for combined bouquets, in a single version. With a little imagination, such roses, combined with fruits or berries, make wonderful thematic compositions.

Red Lex

Another red rose variety. Compact, miniature shrub rosette of dark cherry hue. The buds are well formed, cup-shaped. Velvety textured petals.

Porcellino

The white color of delicate buds is slightly set off by a creamy note. This shrub rose has a unique, subtle aroma, somewhat similar to vanilla.

Bombastic

Bombastic's flowers are rolled up into dense balls formed by petals. The color combines cream and pale pink shades. Often used in conjunction with other bush varieties to emphasize the pomp of the bud.

Freesia

Yellow, hardy bush variety. The buds smell like ripe fruit. Blooms profusely from June to October. Rose bushes are small, up to 80 centimeters high.

Iguana

The unusual configuration of the rosebud (it is goblet) gives this variety a clear advantage. The exterior of the rose is complemented by a whimsical color transition of the petals - from rich red to burgundy.

Calypso

The color of rose buds is dark red, like raspberries. The buds are densely crossed with light lines. Bushes are tall, up to several meters. The aroma is delicate, barely perceptible. The form of flower formation is whips.

Pros and cons

Spruce varieties of decorative roses are extremely popular with gardeners, and there is a completely logical explanation for this. Or rather, several. This is a dynamic flowering combined with plant growth, a delicate aroma, inflorescences collected from many buds.

Climbing and wattle varieties supply a decent material for bouquets, decorative compositions. In addition, in the vast majority, bush varieties are resistant to cold, endurance, resistance to diseases and pests.

But with these advantages, there are also disadvantages. The rose needs to be cut, fed, cared for. And there are still sharp, like needles, thorns guarding the buds. There is nothing complicated in the care itself, having learned simple rules, even a beginner will cope with it.

Landing

How to prepare a spray rose for planting, what is needed for this - everyone wants to know. The best time, intended by nature itself for this procedure, is autumn. At the same time, seedlings are not bought ahead of time, but immediately before planting. Select he althy, not damaged, without traces of the presence of pests rose bushes.

The next step is to determine the place for the rose garden. Sites near trees, other shrubs are not suitable. The rose needs light and warmth, and for this they choose an open, not shaded place. Swampy soil with closely spaced groundwater would be a poor solution.

Rose of any variety definitely needs drainage. Acid balance is important. The pH level should be in the range of 6-6.5 units. It is desirable that roses and related plants have not previously been grown on the selected site.

Care Tips

A set of recommendations for caring for a rose includes tips on how to plant a cutting, the best way to propagate, how to cover for the winter and how to feed the plant for full flowering. The regularity of their introduction depends on how quickly the rosette will take root in a new place, how it will feel in the future.

How to water properly

Rose does not really need moisture, rather, it painfully endures increased watering. Empirically, the following method was determined: water rarely, but plentifully. Recently adopted seedlings are especially in need of moisture, they are watered with a break of 2 days. Such a life support scheme is applied during the first year of the plant's existence.In spring, more moisture is consumed, at this time leaves and young shoots are formed.

They do the same in summer, especially in hot climates. Approximate proportions - 10 liters of water per rose bush. The liquid should get into the root zone, while the processes themselves should not be exposed from the earthen clod. Watering with cold water is unacceptable, only warm and, preferably, settled. At the end of the season, when the growing season ends, the flow of fluid is reduced to protect the rose from possible stagnation, the development of fungi.

Feeding activities

Spruce rose - an ornamental plant, to a greater extent than its wild ancestor, in need of nutrients. Active nutrition is recommended to start from the second year, using the following algorithm with a phased breakdown:

1. Double the amount of fertilizer applied in the spring.
2. The appearance of cones, the development of buds on the bush.
3. Completion of flowering.
4. Transition of stems from vegetable to woody state.

Spring rose pruning can be combined with fertilization. A mixture of ammonium nitrate with ammonium sulfate is suitable for this. Feeding is repeated after about 15 days. To stimulate the ovaries, a complex consisting of superphosphate, s altpeter and potassium s alt is used, approximately in a ratio of 3: 3: 1 per square meter of planting. Sometimes such a composition is replaced with a ready-made one - Kemira Universal or the like.

At the end of flowering, you will need to restore the balance of minerals, for this, top dressing with microelements is useful. At the end of July, the rose is planted on a nitrogen-free diet, stopping the supply of this type of fertilizer. It is allowed to replace mineral mixtures with organic matter (or their alternate use). Gardeners use burnt ash, manure or bird droppings.

Features of transplant

Replanting bushes is a normal procedure practiced by gardeners. This is done for several reasons, including the natural growth of the rose. The optimal time for transplanting is spring or autumn. Moreover, the spring period is preferable.

Before the procedure, the bush is freed from diseased, weak, damaged shoots, as well as foliage. They also trim the stems by 20-30 centimeters. Excavation from the ground is done carefully, trying not to damage the roots. Sometimes it makes more sense to transplant with a soil clod.

Warm water is poured into a pre-dug hole, abundantly saturating the soil with moisture. Grafted rose bushes are placed so that the scion is covered with a layer of earth of 3-5 centimeters.

Pruning rules

The main purpose of pruning is to make the rose actively develop, produce fresh shoots, form lashes and buds. There are 3 periods of the procedure: spring, summer and autumn. First, this is necessary to form a rose bush, then to ensure the growth of shoots.

To do this, all small buds are mechanically removed, leaving a few large ones. In the autumn, before the cold weather, the final stage is carried out: the damaged parts of the plant, dead shoots are cut off from the rosette.

How to prepare a spray rose for winter

The process of pruning bush roses for wintering consists in a gradual decrease in the amount of incoming moisture (in August), then - the introduction of an autumn nutrient complex of fertilizers. The lower leaves are cut in September, the remaining - in October. Before shelter, hibernation, the rose bush is shortened by removing shoots and stems.

"Wintering" depends on the climatic zone, peak temperatures. Often a shield house-pyramid is built over a bush, pulling a dense film over the top. If a device of this design is not possible, a simpler shelter is constructed, from a film (thick paper), leaving a small gap between the protection and the plant.Sometimes a layer of snow is thrown on top (in severe frosts).

Crop protection from diseases and pests

Spruce roses, regardless of varieties, are prone to fungal diseases, powdery mildew, black spot and rust manifestations. There is only one measure of protection - treatment with fungicides, ruthless destruction of parts of the bush affected by the disease. When there is not enough iron compounds, chlorosis develops on the plant. The disadvantage is simply corrected by fertilizing the site.

In addition to ailments, spray roses are threatened by pests - aphids, mites, cicadas and scale insects. Nothing good will come of them. Get rid of them immediately, using chemicals and folk remedies.

Flower breeding

Varieties of spray roses are propagated by seeds, cuttings, grafting, division. Each method is justified in its own way, allows you to achieve the result - he althy, lush buds on the bush.

Seeds

The method is exotic and hardly applicable, due to the fact that the seeds have low germination. At the same time having the right to exist. It is recommended to soak the seeds in a growth stimulator, this will increase the chances of success. Sow shallow - up to 3 centimeters. Planting roses is mulched with peat, compost. As soon as 2-3 leaves hatch, the bushes are seated.

Shanks

For spray roses, propagation by cuttings is considered one of the most effective methods. The hardest stems (lignified) are chosen as "donors". At the same time, the golden mean is important - not too green and not too hard shoots. The lower edge should be oblique, it is desirable to impregnate it with a growth stimulator. Planted cuttings in open ground, keeping a distance of 15-30 centimeters. A film is stretched from above, under which the rooting of spray rose seedlings continues.

Vaccination

Traditionally, bushes of wild-growing roses (rose hips) or dog varieties (Rosa canina) are used for grafting. The rules are standard: on the root neck of the bush, remove the lateral processes, make a “T”-shaped incision. A graft (bud) will be inserted into it. The average development time of a grafted bush is 3 weeks. After that, by swelling or blackening, one can draw a conclusion about the results of the procedure.

Dividing the bush

The original method of dividing a bush is applicable to plants with a full root system. 2 times a year, in spring or autumn, it is allowed to divide a pre-selected rose bush into several parts. At least one stem and formed roots are left on each fragment. Further parts of the bush are planted as usual.

Layers

To obtain layering in all varieties, the stem is bent to the ground (placed in a shallow trench), fixed and sprinkled with earth.The upper part is left above the ground, it is tied to a peg. As a rule, layering takes root, becoming an independent bush. The method helps to rejuvenate the rose bush, stimulate plant growth and bud set.

Application in landscape design

Buds of spray roses, a variety of varieties are a wonderful basis for experimenting in the field of landscape design. And if you combine undersized and tall bushes, with different filling of branches with flowers, then the effect will be even more significant.

Gardeners braid arches with spray roses and form flower beds out of them. It turns out very beautiful and spectacular.

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