Spruce on a trunk: popular varieties and planting instructions, further care

Coniferous plants on the trunk look very impressive. They are distinguished by limited growth, and therefore can become an ornament even for a small area. These crops don't grow too fast, so they won't overshadow the growth of other plants. In addition, they have a very original shape and look very decorative. At the same time, it is important to take into account that growing spruce on a bole has a number of features.

Appearance of standard fir trees

Spruce, which grows on a tall, straight and rather thin trunk, is called standard spruce. The range of such plants is increasing every year, as breeders strive to create more and more new varieties of such crops.In addition, the demand for them is steadily increasing.

Ornamental crops grafted onto a trunk are created by grafting a selected variety with interesting decorative features onto another plant that acts as a rootstock. In this case, the grafting zone is sought not just above the ground, but at the top of the trunk. Thanks to this, it is possible to achieve a characteristic trunk that looks like a small tree.

Stamps with a high trunk and a complex crown shape are obtained not only from spruces, but also from other coniferous crops. This applies to firs, cypresses, larches, pines. There are also standard forms of junipers and thuja.

The advantages of such trees

Stamp coniferous plants are characterized by many advantages. Such spruces have a high degree of resistance to external factors - frost, air pollution, adverse soil conditions.

Another important plus is the possibility of growing crops in containers. Sometimes they are even placed on the balcony. However, in this case, plants need to pay much more attention than in the open field.

Popular varieties

Stamp varieties include quite a lot of interesting varieties of spruce. One of the most popular and sought after is Medusa. In May, the tree is covered with coral cones and can be a wonderful addition to the garden for years to come. Another common variety is Wild Strawberry. It resembles Medusa but has a denser crown.

Also popular standard varieties include the following:

• Chinese Marl;
• Bialobok;
• Blaukissen;
• Formanek;
• Pimoko;
• Tenas.

Planting instructions

For landing operations to be successful, it is important to choose the right time. This procedure is recommended to be carried out in early spring or late autumn. A place for culture must be chosen in advance.It is important to ensure that groundwater is not close to the surface. In this case, there is a risk of damage to the spruce root system.

How to choose a seat

In order for standard spruce to retain its decorative effect, it needs to select well-lit areas with cool soil and moderate moisture. Good water conductivity is essential. As for the soil, sandy or loamy soil is considered a suitable option. Its pH should be 5-6.

Step by step instructions

A couple of weeks before planting, you need to do the following:

1. Dig a hole for planting 60-70 centimeters in size. The interval between trees must be at least 2 meters.
2. A drainage layer should be placed at the bottom of each hole. Its size should be 20 centimeters. For this, it is permissible to use crushed brick or tile. You can also use river sand or pebbles. A good option would be a mixture of these materials.
3. Make a substrate from sand, clay, peat and humus. These substances must be mixed in a ratio of 1:2:1:3. A layer of rotted spruce sawdust should be placed on the drainage layer, and the prepared substrate should be placed on top. It is important that the root neck of the seedling is 1-2 centimeters above the ground.
4. Pour the depression with a solution of potassium permanganate. To prepare it, you need to mix 1 small spoonful of the drug and 10 liters of water.

Seedlings should be bought in specialized nurseries. As a rule, such establishments value their reputation and offer customers high-quality planting material. It is important to use plants aged 3-4 years with a closed root system. Their height can be 50-70 centimeters. When buying, you should pay attention to the appearance of the needles. It should be shiny and not dry.

To carry out landing work, you must do the following:

1. Before planting, immerse the roots of the seedling in the "Heteroauxin" solution. The plant needs to be kept in liquid for 10-15 minutes.
2. Place the seedling on the embankment. It is important that the root neck is located slightly above the ground.
3. Fill the hole with the prepared substrate and tamp it a little. In a radius of 50-60 centimeters from the trunk, make an earthen rampart. Its height should be 10-15 centimeters. This area will become a trunk circle for watering.
4. Pour 2 buckets of warm water under the tree. At the same time, in one of them you need to add 8 tablespoons of nitroammophoska and 2 small spoons of Kornevin.
5. Cover the trunk circle with a mulch layer. To do this, mix peat with coniferous sawdust. These materials should be taken in equal parts. Sprinkle some pine bark over the mulch.

Stamping

This term refers to the grafting of the crown of one plant, or scion, onto the trunk of the second - the rootstock.For the procedure, it is recommended to choose cultures of the same genus or compatible plants. At the same time, it is important to take into account that, from a genetic point of view, the scion should be stronger than the rootstock. For any spruce, including dwarf varieties, the trunk of an ordinary variety will be the optimal rootstock.

There are many ways to get vaccinated. These include the following:

• cambium;
• to the upper kidney;
• side split.

To perform a graft in the upper kidney, you need to do the following:

1. First, get a rootstock. The trunk of an ordinary spruce will act as a trunk. Cultivation requires compliance with standard agricultural practices.
2. When the stock reaches a height of 50-70 centimeters, it is required to graft a cutting of the Medusa spruce variety to it. It should have 3-4 strong buds. It is worth carrying out the procedure in April.
3. Use a 1-2 year old shoot as a scion. Its thickness should be slightly less than the diameter of the rootstock. On the selected cutting, it is required to leave only the upper needles, which are located at the end of the branch. The remaining needles must be cut with a knife. This will help reduce moisture loss.
4. Make a wedge-shaped cut above the top bud of the stock. At the same time, it is recommended to sharpen the heel of the branch, like a pencil.
5. Place the stalk with the sharp end into the trunk cut. This must be done smoothly and accurately. It is important to connect the cambium on at least one side. All actions must be completed as quickly as possible. The connection area must be treated with garden pitch and wrapped with foil.

With proper manipulation, after 4-5 weeks the graft will take root, and buds will begin to swell on it. Subsequently, young shoots will appear from them. As the growth grows, the growth needs to be pinched.Thanks to this, after 2 seasons, the standard spruce will acquire a very decorative appearance.

Aftercare

In order for a tree to grow and develop normally, it needs to be watered regularly and abundantly enough. However, it is important to remember the sense of proportion. Spruces are characterized by a superficial location of the roots, therefore, stagnant moisture should be avoided. Excess moisture increases the risk of fungal infections.

With normal rainfall, spruce needs to be watered at intervals of 7-10 days. For 1 tree you need to use 10 liters of water. During a drought, the frequency of irrigation increases by 2-3 times. Also, the culture perfectly perceives the introduction of dressings.

During the season, the plant needs to be fed three times. In this case, it is recommended to adhere to the following scheme:

1. In early spring, it is worth adding rotted manure or chicken manure. For 1 spruce, you need to use a solution of 500 milliliters of fertilizer and 10 liters of water.
2. In May or June, it is recommended to use universal preparations for conifers. An excellent option in this case would be "Kemira-station wagon". In this case, it is necessary to apply 3 tablespoons of the substance per 1 square meter of plantings. It is also permissible to use a small amount of nitrate supplements - potassium, calcium or magnesium nitrate. For 1 square meter, it is worth using 1 tablespoon of the substance. It is paid once.
3. In July-September, it is worth using potassium, magnesium and phosphorus. It is important to follow the instructions when doing this.
4. At the stage of preparation for winter, superphosphate should be used. For 1 tree, it is recommended to use 2 tablespoons of this substance.

Stamp spruce is an unpretentious plant with high decorative properties. This culture fits perfectly into a variety of landscape compositions. However, when growing it, it is important to adhere to certain rules.

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