Diseases of cabbage in the open field and the fight against them: description and treatment of photos

Quite often you can find cabbage in the gardens of many vegetable growers. This vegetable attracts attention with its taste and medicinal properties. Not all of its varieties have good resistance to diseases, so it is often necessary to treat diseases of cabbage seedlings. However, this is quite difficult to do, so it is recommended that you first study cabbage diseases and their treatment.

White rot

Is one of the most common diseases that cabbage suffers from. The main reasons for its occurrence are sudden temperature changes and high humidity. The disease begins to manifest itself during the storage of vegetables and at the final stage of vegetation.Most often, the disease appears in frozen heads of cabbage.

Determining white rot is quite simple. To do this, it is enough to carefully examine the plant. On the affected leaves appear white spots, gray bloom. Then the sheets begin to deform. Affected leaves must be disposed of immediately so that the disease cannot spread further.

Not everyone knows what to do to prevent white rot. To do this, follow the following recommendations:

keep the cabbage harvest at a temperature of about 1 degree heat;
before storage, the premises in which the vegetable will lie must be disinfected;
plant cabbage in the previous place only after 3-5 years.

For a more detailed study of white rot, it is recommended to familiarize yourself with the photo of the cabbage disease and its control in the open field.

Qila

Many consider quila to be the main enemy of all varieties of cabbage. Most often it occurs in soil with a high level of moisture. This disease can appear after transplanting plant seedlings into open ground. In this case, the first symptoms begin to appear very slowly. First, there is a wilting of the leaves, which are located below. Later they deform, die off and the cabbage stops developing further.

The roots of bushes also suffer from quila. Over time, small growths appear on them, which gradually increase. Because of this, malnutrition occurs and the plant dies completely. If you do not get rid of the dead bushes in a timely manner, then the pathogens will enter the soil.

This cabbage disease affects bushes at any age, but most often it appears in young seedlings.

Every gardener should know how to deal with kila.When the first symptoms appear, all affected bushes should be immediately disposed of. To do this, they should be dried in the sun and burned away from the garden. He althy cabbage is watered with not too cold water and spud. It is also recommended to dig up the soil and place beet tops in it. Work should be carried out with separate pre-disinfected inventory.

To get rid of this disease, other measures are being taken to combat it. Some gardeners do this by disinfecting the soil. The essence of this method is to plant crops on the site that destroy pathogens. To do this, you can plant garlic, onion, eggplant, pepper, tomato and spinach.

After improving the site, it is recommended to check the soil for the presence of a disease. The plot is planted with early cabbage. If growths do not appear on its roots during cultivation, then we can assume that there is no keel on the site.

Black leg

Not everyone knows why plants have a black leg. There are several causes of this cabbage disease. These include:

Fungi. These pathogens most often enter the soil from cabbage plants that suffered from blackleg a year ago.
High humidity and acidity. In humid air, the disease develops much faster than in normal conditions.
Wrong fit. If cabbage seedlings were planted too densely and overfed with fertilizers with nitrogen, then the probability of a black leg appearing increases several times.

In terms of its manifestation, the disease resembles cabbage Alternariosis. The main symptoms include the fact that the process of decay begins on the leaves of cabbage and on its stems. Blackleg is very dangerous as it spreads quickly between plants.

It is recommended to figure out in advance how to deal with it in order to protect he althy seedlings. First you need to get rid of pathogens in the soil. To do this, the soil with plants is treated with copper sulfate and watered with heated water. You can also get rid of the black leg with the help of Fundazol or Planriz. If the treated plants do not recover over time, they will have to be removed from the garden and burned.

Fusariosis

Fusarial wilt of cabbage occurs due to fungi that are found in the soil. Most often, this disease appears in young seedlings of cauliflower or white cabbage growing at very low temperatures.

Notice the disease is very simple, as it almost immediately manifests itself. At first, cabbage leaves cover with yellow spots, which eventually lead to the complete withering of the leaves. Due to infection, new heads are not tied and the plant stops developing.

Cabbage Fusarium is not treatable, so there are no effective methods of dealing with them. The only thing a person can do is to remove all infected bushes so that the infection does not spread further. You can also treat the area with copper sulphate for prevention.

Grey Rot

Most often, gray rot affects cabbage at the time of storage of fruits and during their transportation. Its main causative agent is the botrytis fungus, which can be found on dead tissues or simply in the ground.

For the development of the fungus, favorable conditions are needed - high humidity and slight frosts. Gray rot begins to spread from the lower leaves. Their surface is covered with gray patches, which gradually spread to neighboring sheets.

It is impossible to cure the disease, so everything must be done so that it does not appear. There are several preventive measures that will protect the bushes from gray rot:

water cabbage only with heated and well-settled water;
do not use fertilizers that contain a lot of nitrogen;
harvest in time;
do not leave the remains of the plant in the garden after harvesting heads;
wipe the cabbage dry before sending it to storage;
keep cabbage in a room with a temperature of about 2-5 degrees Celsius;
before storing cabbage, care must be taken to disinfect the room.

Mosaic

Cabbage mosaic is one of the most serious viral diseases that can occur in this plant. Infection is facilitated by improper processing of bushes or infected crops that are located near them. Quite often, a mosaic appears after picking young seedlings. The disease is also transmitted by various insects, which include thrips, ticks, bedbugs and aphids.

There are several main signs of this disease:

The leaves are deformed and covered with spots of different colors. They can be purple or even have a lilac whitish tint.
The development of bushes slows down several times due to metabolic problems. As a result, young shoots begin to dry out and die completely.
The bushes are covered with brown marks, which gradually begin to rot.

Many people think about how to treat cabbage from diseases. Treatment of infected bushes will not help, since this disease is not treated. It is recommended to engage in prevention, which consists in the timely destruction of weeds in the beds and various harmful insects.

Downy mildew

Cabbage peronosporosis actively develops at temperatures above 20 degrees Celsius. After planting seedlings in the garden, the disease slows down its development. However, this does not prevent the fungus from continuing to maintain its viability.

The first symptoms begin to appear with the onset of warm weather. Light leaves and leaf veins are covered with scab. Also, spots of a reddish tint appear on their surface. Over time, a gray coating and spots of yellow or white appeared on them. Affected bushes begin to gradually fade. To learn more about the symptoms of downy mildew on cabbage, below is a photo of infected bushes.

There are no effective treatments for downy mildew. The fight against it is the timely cleaning of the bushes and the creation of the best conditions for growing.

To prevent the disease, it is recommended to treat the seeds before planting. They are placed in hot water for half an hour, after which they are treated with Planriz.

Mucoid bacteriosis

The disease got its name because infected bushes begin to become covered with mucus. This bacterial disease can appear on cabbage during storage or cultivation. Quite often, it appears in conditions of elevated ambient temperature. The main causes of bacteriosis include:

high humidity;
abuse of fertilizers with nitrogen;
violation of crop rotation.

There are several variants of the course of this disease. Mucous bacteriosis of cabbage can affect the outer leaves. They are deformed and acquire a not very pleasant smell. After some time, the disease spreads to the head of cabbage and the bush gradually dies. During the infection of cabbage, the disease immediately spreads to the head of the plant.

In the second option, rotting starts from the stalk. The bacterium penetrates into it from the soil or is introduced by harmful insects. The disease then spreads to the inner leaves, which change color and become softer.

There are different ways to prevent the disease:

properly store heads of cabbage;
during the year to deal with pests;
grow only those varieties that are resistant to slimy bacteriosis;
disinfect planting material before sowing;
Cabbage storage is being processed.

Vascular bacteriosis

Quite often, pathogens get on the bushes during rain or with the help of various insects. At the same time, vascular bacteriosis of cabbage appears at any stage of development.

The first signs begin to appear at the edges of the sheets. They begin to gradually turn yellow and dry out. Sometimes they turn black, and a grid forms on their surface. When cutting the leaves, you can see that their vessels also turned black. Within a few days, the head of cabbage is deformed, and withering leaves begin to fall off.

For the treatment of this disease, you can use folk remedies:

Zelenka with water. Bushes are treated with a weak solution prepared from 15 drops of brilliant green mixed with a bucket of water.
Zelenka with iodine. This mixture is very effective in the fight against diseases. To prepare it, greens are mixed with iodine in a ratio of 1:2 and diluted with 10 liters of water.

Conclusion

Prevention and control of cabbage diseases will help you get a good harvest. To cure diseases, it is necessary to study their description and treatment in advance.