Diseases of white cabbage and the fight against them with photos and videos

Diseases and pests of cabbage can destroy the entire crop. To prevent a problem, you need to know the main signs, methods of treatment and preventive measures. If an infection is detected at the initial stage, all plantings can be protected.

Fungal infection

Here are the most common diseases of cabbage seedlings and adult plants that you need to know how to prevent and start treatment on time when the first signs are found.

One of the common diseases is cabbage keel. The fungus affects only young seedlings of white cabbage planted in a greenhouse or open ground. The causative agent of clubroot on cabbage beds is carried by wind or rain, and insects can also spread.

Initially, root branches start to get damaged. Growths appear on them, which prevent them from fully absorbing moisture and essential trace elements. As a result, cabbage withers and develops poorly.

Infection is easier to prevent than to fight it. To do this, you need to strictly select seedlings, you do not need to plant weak seedlings. The soil where cabbage is supposed to be planted must be disinfected. Regular watering, hilling, loosening and lime dressing will help prevent the disease.

If an infection has been detected, then cabbage and other cruciferous vegetables should not be planted on the plot for 5-7 years. This is how long it takes for the infection activity to disappear.

In the open field, cabbage can often be attacked by downy mildew (experts call the disease peronosporosis). The first symptoms of the disease include:

formation of light yellow spots on cabbage leaves;
a white coating is observed on the inside of the cabbage leaf;
leaves affected by the fungus wither, fall off;
cabbage is developing poorly.

The fungus is active in a humid environment. The infection spreads very quickly, so urgent action is needed. You can treat cabbage with drugs such as Fitoftorin or Bordeaux mixture. Topaz shows a good result.

Preventive actions should include proper watering, disinfection of the soil, keeping the distance during transplanting seedlings. Another main condition is that cabbage cannot be planted in the same place several years in a row. Better to plant where potatoes, beans or cucumbers were previously harvested.

Fusariosis disease is considered common among cabbage. The fight against a fungal infection should not cause any difficulties, provided that the infection was detected in time. The first signs of the disease are:

numerous yellow spots appear between leaf veins;
gradually the entire surface of the cabbage leaf begins to turn yellow and as a result dries out;
The head of cabbage is poorly and slowly formed, while the shape is deformed.

Provokes disease lack of soil moisture and not too warm weather (below 18 degrees).

It is necessary to remove diseased cabbage from the garden along with the roots and earthen clod. The remaining vegetables and soil must be disinfected. For this purpose, drugs Benomyl, Topsin are used. You can use potassium permanganate or copper sulfate.

Another disease of cabbage is Alternariosis or otherwise called black spot. When infected, black spots appear on any part of the plant. As the disease spreads, the spots darken, a fungal coating appears.

Black spot is spread by pests that overwinter in vegetable residues and seeds. Therefore, it is so important after harvesting in the fall to remove the tops and dig up the soil. Cabbage seeds must be disinfected and cooked before planting.

Fungal disease Black leg leads to rotting of the roots and lower stem of seedlings. As a result, the stem dries up, and the plant withers and dies. The infection quickly spreads to he althy sprouts.

The development of a fungal infection is promoted by high acidity of the soil or excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers. The fungus may remain in the soil from the last harvest.

To prevent the development of a black leg before planting seedlings, the ground must be disinfected, a solution of potassium permanganate is suitable, you can simply pour hot water over the area. Cabbage seeds are recommended to be treated with special preparations, for example, Fundazol is suitable.

Cabbage disease White rot is also quite common. The most important factors in the development of rot are excessive watering and frequent rains. The risk of developing the disease increases towards the end of the growing season.

Recognizing the signs of white rot is easy. Fungal plaque and mucus are observed on the leaves. White cabbage rots quickly. The disease can develop not only in the garden, but also during storage of an already harvested crop.

Timely harvesting is considered preventive measures, before the start of autumn rains, you should not plant cabbage for several years in a row in the same place. Be sure to disinfect the place where the harvested crop will be stored.

During winter storage, heads of cabbage are often exposed to gray rot. The leaves are covered with a gray coating, mucus is observed, an unpleasant odor is felt. In the cellar or basement, it is imperative to disinfect and maintain the temperature regime.During the growth of cabbage, you need to apply fertilizer to the soil.

Dangerous viruses

Less common, but still viral diseases are found among cabbage. They spread even faster than a fungal infection and have a devastating effect on the entire crop.

Mosaic virus is considered the most dangerous. Numerous small dark dots form on the leaves. Mosaic is not treatable, so it is best to take time to prevent the disease:

cabbage seeds should be immersed in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for disinfection;
when a diseased seedling appears in the garden, it must be uprooted and carried away from the garden;
prerequisite is the removal of weeds that can carry pathogens;
spray several times a season plants from pests.

Black ring spot of cabbage appears as light green spots. Over time, the spots darken, connect, the sheet is deformed and falls off. The causative agent feels great in the cold, hibernating on seeds or plant debris. The disease is also spread by pests (aphids and mites).

Before planting seeds, they must be disinfected and heat treated. Weeds and tops from last year should be removed from the beds in time.

Bacteria caused

Mucoid bacteriosis of cabbage can affect a plant at any stage of development. Rotting can start from the outer leaves. They resemble a mucous structure and smell unpleasant. Gradually, the entire head of cabbage is exposed to rotting.

There is an option to start rotting from the inside of the head. Bacteria can be carried by pests or get along with the ground. Leaves become milky and soften.

The cause of the disease can be excessive fertilization of the soil with nitrogen, excessive moisture, lack of proper care of the beds.

As preventive measures, one can include the choice of cabbage varieties resistant to this disease, the timely processing of vegetable crops from pests, compliance with the conditions in the storage room, and the disinfection of planting material.

Vascular bacteriosis is spread by pests or gets on cabbage beds during rainy weather. The first signs are yellowing of the edges of the leaves and blackening of the veins. A characteristic feature is the appearance on the leaves of a pattern in the form of a grid. Then the leaf completely darkens and disappears. Cabbage stops growing and developing, and as a result dies.

You shouldn't plant cabbage on the same piece of land every year, you should choose varieties that are resistant to vascular bacteriosis.

It is imperative to carry out preventive treatments against pests. You can treat at the initial stage with the drug Binoram.

If any diseases of white cabbage are detected, the fight against them must be started immediately. This will help save not only the diseased plant, but the entire crop in the garden plot.

Invasion of pests

Pests and diseases can cause a decrease in the yield or its complete loss. White cabbage pests not only eat and damage cabbage plantations, but also carry diseases, which is why regular preventive watering and spraying are so important.

One of the common parasites that can settle on cabbage is aphid. The insect is small, about 2.5 mm. In the pictures you can better see this pest. Their activity is deployed on the lower part of the leaf of the plant, almost at the base.They feed on cabbage juice.

Aphids often attack cabbage in the spring, when young seedlings have just been transplanted. You can identify the problem by the following signs:

cabbage begins to develop slowly;
leaves turn pale with a pink tinge;
over time, the leaves become deformed and fall off.

To combat aphids, drugs such as Iskra, Corsair, Karate are often used. It is useful to plant cabbage beds next to tomatoes and carrots. From folk remedies, infusions based on garlic and onions are considered effective. Their smell is not liked by insects.

Cabbage can be attacked by the cabbage fly. Insect about 6 mm in size, gray color. The danger to the vegetable is the larvae that the fly lays in the soil. A week later, the larvae begin to eat the root system first, and then proceed to eating the stems, making moves in them.White larvae are up to 8 mm long. In addition, they can cause the development of a viral, fungal or bacterial disease.

The appearance of cabbage will tell you about the invasion of flies:

the roots begin to rot and the plant is easily pulled out of the ground;
leaves wither, grow poorly;
lower row of leaves darkens, acquires a grayish tint.

A solution of Chlorophos or Thiophos, as well as drugs such as Corsair, Rovikurt, helps from cabbage flies. People are trying to cope with the insect with a mixture of tobacco and lime.

Cabbage scoop can cause the loss of an entire cabbage crop in a matter of days. In the daytime, she hides in cabbage leaves, and with the onset of night, she begins to be active. The insect looks like a butterfly, about 5 cm in size. The wings are light brown in color with white stripes and spots.The caterpillars of these butterflies bring the greatest danger. They are green with yellow stripes.

When a cabbage scoop is found, it is necessary to treat the beds with insecticides such as Sumicidin, Cyanox. To prevent the invasion of butterflies, you need to pick the weeds in time and dig up the ground in the fall.