How and when to sow coriander before winter: cultivation and care with photos and videos

Coriander (cilantro) is a spicy herbaceous plant very popular with gardeners. They practice growing cilantro for early greens, sowing seeds before winter. The culture is cold-resistant, so there are no problems with light spring cold snaps, the seeds winter well in the soil. Knowing the rules of agricultural technology will help you grow a good crop of greens (cilantro) and seeds (coriander).

Preparing the site for planting cilantro

Two weeks before planting, preparatory work begins. They determine the place, analyze the composition of the soil, remove the roots and all plant debris. If the predecessor culture suffered from fungal diseases, treat the land with a fungicide.

Ground

During the period of pre-sowing tillage, it is worth analyzing its mechanical composition and acidity level. Coriander develops and matures normally, giving a good harvest, on light, loose soil.

Light loams and sandy loams are ideal. The structure of heavy soils needs to be worked on while preparing the ridges for planting. Add sand, peat, compost. The proportions and type of additive depend on the quality of the soil in the garden. Depleted soil is enriched:

• organic (0.5 buckets per 1 m²);
• superphosphate (1 tsp);
• potassium nitrate (1 tsp).

The acidity level of coriander is important. It grows well if the soil is neutral or moderately acidic.

Site illumination

Light directly affects the content of essential oils in fruits. Coriander is a crop that needs light for full development. When landing in the shade:

• fruits ripen slowly;
• harvest small;
• The percentage of essential oil in seeds is low.

Sunny site - a prerequisite for a good harvest. Lowlands are not suitable for planting, especially when sowing seeds before winter. They, not having time to ascend, get wet. It is preferable to cultivate the crop on flat and elevated surfaces.

Precursors

Any garden crop that has been organically planted will be a good precursor to coriander. The spice feels great after cucumbers, all kinds of legumes, cabbage and potatoes.Fragrant grass perfectly coexists with spicy herbs (cumin, anise), has a good effect on the growth of vegetables (cucumbers, zucchini, cauliflower).

Coriander varieties

Mass cultivation of coriander is produced in the North Caucasus, Ukraine and the southern regions of the Russian Federation. Amateur gardeners plant cilantro everywhere, its fragrant greens can be found among summer residents of Yakutia. When choosing a variety, you need to carefully read the description.

Vegetable varieties are used for greenery, they bloom late. Varieties are early ripe, quickly entering the time of flowering, sown for harvesting seeds and making essential oil.

Popular vegetable varieties of cilantro

Vegetables include varieties of coriander, in which flowers form later, this allows you to get more greens for cutting. Among summer residents, varieties are considered popular:

• Amber;
• Borodinsky;
• Taiga.

Amber is good for its late shooting and early abundant greenery. Cutting can be done a month after germination. Coriander Borodinsky pleases summer residents with juicy fragrant leaves. It can be used for greens after 1-1.5 months, and the seeds ripen after 90 days.

Taiga is a very popular late ripening variety. As cilantro can be used after 1-1.5 months. The leaves are brightly colored, thick, fragrant. They serve as an excellent addition to various dishes.

Coriander varieties

To obtain coriander seeds, you can sow any variety. When planting in autumn, seedlings appear early, the fruits ripen successfully under any weather conditions. For early spice production, you can sow the early ripe variety Debut, its characteristics:

• matures in 1.5 months;
• outlet height 29cm;
• outlet weight 25 g.

The variety is good because in a short time you can get greens for meat, fish dishes, as well as spicy seeds to add them to sauces, pastries, marinades.

It is worth paying attention to the mid-season variety Stimulus. It can be sown before winter or early spring. It forms well-leafy rosettes weighing up to 45 g. From the ripened fruits, an excellent seasoning is obtained. Stimulus is also suitable for harvesting greenery, it can be sown every 2 weeks until July 15 and cut off after 1-1.5 months.

Sowing cilantro seeds in open ground

Growing a good crop from quality cilantro seeds is easy. This culture does not require sophisticated technology. Most gardeners practice planting with dry seeds (before winter, early spring) or treated with growth stimulants (spring, summer).

To obtain early production, propagate by seedlings. Sowing for seedlings is done in February, using separate cups, boxes for seedlings. The soil is taken from the garden. Grown rosettes are planted in open ground when frosts have passed and the soil warms up. If there is a threat of return frosts, the seedlings are covered at night with covering material.

Coriander planting dates

When choosing a variety, you need to pay attention to the characteristics and ripening period. You can grow coriander for early harvest by sowing early-ripening varieties, their seeds ripen in 30 days. Harvesting of mid-season varieties begins after 35-40 days, late-ripening varieties - after 45-50 days.

Planting dates depend on the variety and weather conditions. You can sow in open ground before winter and from April to July. If the main purpose of planting is to get greenery, then from April to mid-July, cilantro is sown every 2 weeks.

How to collect seeds

Seeds begin to ripen at the end of August. The harvest period lasts until mid-September. If you do not remove all the plants, then next year the seeds that have fallen into the ground will germinate. This must be taken into account when harvesting. Coriander culture is cold-resistant and propagates by self-sowing even in Siberia.

The readiness of seeds for harvesting is determined by their color. You can start harvesting when 60% of all fruits become brown-brown. In the morning or evening, the bushes should be cut at the level of the soil, collected in bunches and dried in limbo in the shade (attic, shed, shed). You can thresh the seeds after 7-10 days and use them in cooking or for autumn-spring plantings.

Pre-sowing preparation of seeds

For planting use mature seeds that have not expired.Germination is maintained for 2 years. Sowing is carried out with dry seeds, they do not require additional treatments. All pre-sowing treatment comes down to visual inspection and rejection of unripened seeds, they are easy to distinguish by smell, it resembles the smell of bedbugs.

When to sow coriander

In greenhouses, the first sowing is carried out in February or March, the exact period depends on the temperature of the soil and air. You can expect the appearance of peduncles on the 40th day after the appearance of sprouts. With later sowing (May, June), flowering occurs earlier.

For sowing a crop for seeds, the ideal time for planting in open ground is early spring or autumn. With late sowing, the number of seeds decreases, and the amount of greenery increases. Cilantro refers to plants with a long daylight hours and when it decreases (July-September), plant growth slows down, the number of arrows decreases.

How to sow cilantro in open ground

Recommended seed consumption 1.5 g/m². You need to plant at a depth of 1.5-2 cm. Different sowing methods are allowed:

• in furrows;
• scatter;
• in the hole.

When planting in rows, maintain an interval between lines of 15 cm. When planting in a scatter of 1 m², 2.5 g of seeds are randomly scattered. The wells are formed, observing a step of 10-15 cm, 3 seeds are placed in each. The land must be moist before sowing.

Features of landing before winter

The term for planting cilantro before winter depends on the region, usually it coincides with the end of Indian summer. Warming can cause seeds to germinate, which is undesirable. In autumn, the usual planting methods are used, the same as in spring and summer. The main difference is dry soil.Furrows are not watered before planting.

Care

Care when growing for seeds and greens is the same: weed removal, row spacing loosening, watering and periodic thinning. Planting in rows with optimal row spacing facilitates maintenance. At the same time, you can remove weeds and loosen the soil using a garden tool (flat cutter, loosener).

Sprouting thinning

As shoots appear, it is necessary to monitor their density. Without thinning, densely planted plants will be weak with few leaves and seeds. Thinning of crops is carried out periodically, maintaining an interval between shoots of 6-9 cm.

Irrigation features

Soil moisture affects product quality. A common cause of early shooting of coriander is a prolonged lack of moisture in the soil. Wet and loose soil is the main condition for growing lush greenery. During rains, watering is stopped, as there is enough natural moisture in the soil. Consumption per 1 m²

Before and after germinationFrom 3 to 5 lActive growth of the aerial part8 l Seed ripening2 l

Rules for feeding coriander in the garden

When growing coriander, all fertilizers are applied before planting. When planting before winter, humus and mineral fertilizers containing potassium and phosphorus are introduced into the soil before digging. In the spring, before germination, the soil can be watered with a liquid solution of urea at a standard concentration of 1 tbsp. l. on a bucket. On well-fertilized soil, coriander grows without additional dressings.

Diseases and pests

There are not so many diseases from which cilantro plantings suffer, but during the period of prolonged rains and with frequent dews in the morning, you can be left without a crop. The cause may be coriander ramularia. Pathogens can infect the plant throughout the growing season.

The first signs of ramulariasis appear on the leaves (brown spots).

Further development of the disease is accompanied by damage to the entire aerial part: stems, umbrellas, buds, flowers, fruits. If the period of the disease coincides with the flowering of coriander, then up to 80% of the crop is lost. Before the formation of stems and the appearance of buds, planting can be treated with fungicides. During flowering, all treatments are stopped, as the plant is a good honey plant.

With high soil and air humidity, cilantro can be affected by powdery mildew. The fungus infects the aerial part. When the first symptoms (white plaque) appear, you can get by with the folk method - treat the plants with a soap and soda solution. When using chemistry, greens should not be eaten while the effect of the drug lasts. Of the pests to be wary of:

• bugs;
• seed eaters;
• winter cutworm;
• umbrella moth;
• wireworm.

Harvesting cilantro

Cilantro is grown for fresh consumption, drying, freezing. It is necessary to sow the seeds several times during the summer to get 2 or more crops from one plot. Greens grow quickly, suitable for eating and for harvesting before flowering. To clean greenery, use a sharp garden knife, cutting it 2-3 cm from the ground.

Important! In order for the plant to release new greens, you need to cut off the upper leaves, leaving the entire lower part of the coriander intact.

Dry spicy greens in the shade. Store crushed. Use a sealed container. Dry cilantro retains its beneficial properties and essential oils for no more than a year.Frozen herbs keep longer (2 years). Before freezing, it is washed, dried, crushed and scattered in containers.

The harvest of cilantro (coriander) will be excellent if all recommendations for choosing a planting site, soil preparation and care are followed. Fresh, fragrant herbs will be on the table all summer long for fish, meat and other dishes, and from August to September it will be possible to collect coriander seeds.

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