Apricot Monastic: variety description, planting and care, disease control

Crops that until recently grew only in the south, in recent years, begin to conquer the middle latitudes. Apricots are loved by both adults and kids. From sweet and juicy fruits, a very tasty jam is obtained, compotes and jams are harvested for the winter, fresh fruits are rich in vitamins, microelements, and organic acids. Apricot varieties Monastyrsky are planted by summer residents, grown on an industrial basis by gardeners, the tree takes root well, after 3-4 years it pleases with the first ripened fruits.

History of occurrence

Many breeders worked on breeding hybrids.In the nineties, the candidate of biological sciences Larisa Kramarenko, when crossing Shablovsky and Bereznyakovsky apricots, obtained a new crop variety that was suitable for growing in the middle lane, had resistance to gray rot, and was not afraid of frost. Apricot Monastyrsky has been adapted to the difficult climatic conditions of the Moscow region.

Variety description

A tall tree has a wide and beautiful crown, spreading branches, grows up to 5 meters in height. Oval large leaves have a rich shade. White flowers appear on unopened apricots, when even the grass is not yet green.

Monastyrsky variety is not particularly picky about the soil. Trees take root on loams, and on gray soils, and on sandstones. Fruits ripen on them:

• oblong shape;
• with thick lemon skin;
• with a bright blush.

Apricots have a pleasant fruity aroma, sweet taste, and are valued for their chemical composition. The juicy pulp contains more than 8% sugar, contains potassium and organic acids.

In the description of the variety it was indicated that it was adapted to the conditions of the Central region. Apricots began to be planted by summer residents and gardeners in Ryazan, Belgorod, and Tula regions. Fruits ripen in early August, in cool weather they ripen by the end of the month.

Features of cultivation

Although the Monastyrsky variety is considered an unpretentious plant, in order for the fruits to weigh about 40 g, and the tree to produce a stable crop in the middle latitudes, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of agricultural technology and take care of the apricot.

Selection of seedlings

For a young tree, you need to go to a nursery or gardening center, because you can buy a wild game in the market, not a varietal apricot.For a summer cottage, a seedling grafted onto a plum or blackthorn is suitable. It is distinguished by a thick trunk, elongated growth. It is necessary to check the condition of the roots, they should not have cracks, dried or frozen parts. 2-year-old trees take root well.

Date and place

When to move an apricot to open soil depends on the region where it is going to be grown. In the south, the culture takes root better in autumn, because frosts come late. In the northern regions, it is advisable to plant the plant in April, until the buds have had time to bloom. Beginning gardeners should heed the recommendations:

1. A hole for a tree is dug to a depth of 80 cm and about the same distance in width. Do it ahead of time.
2. Apricot feels better on loams, gray soils, sandy soils.
3. The roots must be cut, dipped in a mash, get rid of dried twigs.

Mullein and humus are introduced into the soil around the seedling, ash, superphosphate and potassium fertilizer are added, compacted and moistened. The tree is tied to a peg so that it is not broken by the wind. The variety Monastyrsky is grown relatively recently, but summer residents have already fallen in love with the taste of fruits and aroma.

Tree care

In mid-latitudes, apricots are not found along roads and in plantations, as in the south, where they grow in the same way as maples or chestnuts. In order for a tree to enjoy the harvest of fruits in the Moscow region or in the Bryansk region, it is necessary to provide it with constant care, which includes moistening, loosening the earth, top dressing and pruning.

Irrigation

How often to irrigate depends on the weather, the age of the apricot, the depth to which the earth has soaked. The first time 2 buckets of water are brought in after planting in the trunk circle to compact the soil. A young tree is watered every week, an adult - four times per season:

• with the growth of shoots;
• during the appearance of flowers;
• before fruit ripening;
• late autumn.

With an excess of moisture, the roots rot, with a shortage, the leaves wither, the branches dry up, the fruits become smaller. For watering apricots, drip, furrow or hole irrigation is best suited.

Crown formation

To protect the tree from pests and diseases, to get the maximum yield, you need to learn how to cut the shoots. For the first time, 2/3 of the length is left from the branches.

In order for the sun to penetrate better, the apricot has a spreading crown, a three-year-old seedling is equated with a central trunk. Every year, dried shoots are removed, branches that grow not up, but down.

Reproduction

Apricot is taken from the stone, but the quality characteristics are unlikely to correspond to the crop variety, since pollination occurs in a vegetative way. Seeds must be hardened.

A ready-made seedling can be bought at a nursery, or stratified seeds can be placed in a pot at a depth of about 5 mm. Expanded clay or pebbles are poured at the bottom of the container, the seeds are covered with earth from above and after watering they are insulated with polyethylene. In spring, the tree is transplanted into open ground.

Grow a culture from cuttings, cutting off shoots 4 internode long from a he althy culture. They are immersed in a growth stimulator for half a day, after which it is sent to the soil at the site.

The tree is propagated by grafting. For this, shoots of a he althy apricot are suitable, which are planted in the same climate conditions. On the trunk of the rootstock, which is kept in water, a part of the bark is cut off and pressed against the plant to be grafted.

Diseases and pests

Monastyrsky, unlike other varieties of culture, is rarely infected with fungi that cause gray rot. However, this apricot is also susceptible to cytosporosis, in which the flowers and leaves turn brown and dry out, tubercles appear on the surface of the branches.

The tree suffers from perforated spotting, when the fruits suffer and fall off, and the problem begins with the formation of small spots.

For prevention, dried parts of the plant are removed, the cuts are smeared with garden pitch. Sluggish leaves and blackened ovary are raked. In spring, apricots are sprayed with products containing copper. When affected by diseases, trees are treated with fungicides.

Culture suffers from the codling moth, whose caterpillars eat the ovary. In the bark of plants, the leafworm hibernates, which feeds on buds. Aphids drink the juice of the green parts of the tree. To destroy pests, they use both folk remedies and insecticides.

Recommended