Siberian cherry: description description of the best varieties, planting and care in the open field

Cultivation of certain varieties is recommended for each region. Siberian cherry must be frost-resistant and ripen quickly so that early autumn does not ruin the fruits. In addition, the trees need to be properly looked after. By following the requirements, they get an excellent harvest in any conditions.

Climatic conditions of the region

For the correct selection of a variety, it is necessary to know the climate of the region in which the trees will be grown. The peculiarity of the weather conditions of Siberia and the Urals is that the temperature contrast is especially pronounced in the south. Since the average summer temperature there reaches +24 ⁰С, and the winter temperature is -15 ⁰С.Whereas in the north summer +6 ⁰С, winter -22 ⁰С.

It is believed that in Siberia the climate is continental or temperate continental. In the central part of the region, a mountain climate prevails, so no one is engaged in gardening there. Another feature of the climate, a sharp change in air masses and weather instability are observed throughout the region.

Varieties selected for this area should be resistant to sudden weather changes and strong winds.

There are no strong winds in the western part in winter, the weather is mostly dry. When selecting a species for these regions, this feature should be taken into account.

What varieties are recommended to plant in the Urals and Siberia

It is important not only to know the peculiarities of the climate, but also to take them into account when choosing a species for planting. It is advisable to select self-fertile. Attention when choosing a species must be paid:

• frost resistance;
• crop volume;
• fruiting period;
• climate resilience;
• disease resistance;
• ability to withstand strong winds without affecting crop volume.

A variety that has all these data is sometimes not able to give a full harvest. Therefore, it is important not only to choose the right variety and carry out competent care for it. Cherries, like sweet cherries, need to be grown with special care.

How a tree overwintered is determined by wood. If it was spoiled by mice, you should better wrap the trunk for the winter.

Felt cherry

Of all varieties of cherries, this one is the sweetest. Otherwise, it is called children's or microcherry.She received such names for the low size of an adult plant. The peculiarity of the tree is that the berries are tender, their flesh is dense. The disadvantage is that the bone is very poorly separated. Therefore, recycling is difficult.

These cherries are winter-hardy, give a rich harvest every year and bloom beautifully. General Features:

• height 1-3m;
• flowering 14 days;
• flowers pink, tender;
• buds are able to withstand temperatures down to -3 ⁰С without damage to the crop;
• berries ripen in the last ten days of June, cherries do not crumble;
• fruit color from light pink to maroon;
• tastes sweet;
• begin to bear fruit young seedlings from 2-3 years of age;
• yield 14 kg per bush.

One of the significant shortcomings of the tree is a 5-year fruiting. Then a strong anti-aging pruning is carried out.

Autumn Virovskaya

This cherry appeared back in 1988 as a result of crossing several varieties.

Description:

• medium height;
• semi-spreading;
• not capable of self-pollination;
• oval crown;
• fruits weigh 3.6g;
• wide oval shape;
• color of berries of a dark shade, slightly pubescent;
• sweet and sour;
• bone does not come off.

The plant calmly endures harsh winters, is immune to clasterosporiasis. The variety is one of the best, according to gardeners.

Princess

A variety of felt cherry adapted to harsh climatic conditions. It is a decorative ornament of the garden. Berries are sweet, suitable for any method of processing and fresh consumption. Summer residents appreciate her for her productivity and undemanding care.

Description:

• Adult plant reaches 1.5 m;
• no root growth;
• self-infertility;
• frost-resistant;
• compact;
• medium thickened crown;
• white flowers;
• large berries;
• fruit shade pink;
• oval;
• weight 4 g;
• taste sweetish-sour;
• one plant can produce 10 kg of fruit;
• berries do not lie, do not tolerate transportation;
• berry picking takes place in the last ten days of July.

The peculiarity of the variety is that it perfectly resists coccomycosis, but is affected by moniliosis. Cherry tree-like, requires constant anti-aging pruning.

Natalie

The tree, compared to other varieties of felt cherries, grows tall. The crop is harvested stably, with proper care and proper pruning of branches, high yields are obtained from the variety.

Description:

• height 1.8m;
• ovoid crown;
• flowers are medium-sized, white;
• harvesting falls on the 20th of July;
• plant yield 9 kg;
• bears fruit for the first time in the 2nd year, continues fruiting for 16-18 years;
• berries are round, large;
• weight 4g;
• sweet;
• used for all kinds of uses.

The bushes do not tolerate waterlogging of the soil, it is recommended to control moisture rates.

The characteristics of the variety are excellent, summer residents appreciate it for long fruiting and taste.

Early varieties

Cherry varieties that ripen early are in high demand. This decision is due to the fact that late species often do not have time to mature. Autumn comes early in Siberia and the Urals. There are specially bred early species that are in demand by gardeners.

Brusnitsyna

Familiar to many summer residents. It is valued for the unique taste of fruits freshly picked from the branches.

Features:

• Adult plant reaches 2 m;
• bush type plant;
• hardy;
• has average field he alth;
• self-pollinating;
• shade of berries dark red;
• rich taste, with sourness;
• weighs 6g;
• an adult plant produces 20 kg of berries;
• fruiting begins 3-4 years after planting;
• will continue to please the owners with a high harvest for a long time.

Some sources recommend planting Mayak cherries nearby to increase yields.

Does not require special care. Perfectly transfers any formation. Cherry is able to keep its shape, as the annual growth is 0.3-0.35 m.

Ural standard

Summer residents acquire cherries that yield crops in a short time. The variety is fast-growing and has immunity to the main diseases of the crop.

Feature:

• Adult plant reaches 2 m;
• the crown is sparse, slightly drooping;
• bush type plant;
• self-infertile;
• berries are large;
• flat-round shape;
• shade fruit red;
• sweet and sour;
• yield 7-8 kg per bush;
• stored medium.

The most important quality of the Ural Standard is high frost resistance. Pollinators are planted nearby to help boost yields.

Chocolate Girl

The variety got its name due to the rich color of the berries. I fell in love with gardeners for their undemanding care and the relatively small size of an adult tree. The harvest from one plant is enough to meet the needs of a family of 5-6 people.

Features:

• Adult plant reaches 2.5 m;
• crown is compact, slightly spreading;
• frost-resistant;
• high yield;
• self-pollinating;
• white flowers;
• shaded red berries;
• round shape;
• weight 3.5 g;
• sweet and sour;
• not stored for a long time.

Summer residents, in order to increase productivity, are advised to plant varieties nearby that help pollination, the result will be better.

Spanka

There are several varieties of this variety, they differ in some ways:

1. Ripening time.
2. The height of an adult plant.
3. Adaptation to the conditions of different growing regions.

Cherry Spanka is productive and unpretentious. Fruiting falls on the 5th-6th year of planting.

Feature:

• height 6 m;
• self-infertility;
• frost-resistant;
• the crown is powerful, branched;
• white flowers;
• with flattened-round shape of berries;
• color burgundy,
• flesh shade light yellow;
• sweet, with characteristic sourness of cherries;
• weight 5 g;
• bone is easy to separate;
• yield 40 kg per plant.

When growing the Shpanka variety, it is recommended to clarify which variety the gardener is going to acquire.

Youth

A relatively young type of tree, which is becoming a favorite of summer residents. The reason is the compactness and bushy type of cherry. The yield is high, the berries are delicious, suitable for any application.

Features:

• Adult plant reaches 2-2.5 m;
• crown is round;
• branches down;
• compact;
• self fertile;
• frost-resistant;
• flowers white, large;
• fruits are round, fleshy;
• weight 5g;
• yield 15 kg per tree;
• begins to bear fruit at the age of 4-5, with proper care reaches 20 years.

Youth cherries have weak immunity, but by applying the necessary agrotechnical care methods, the gardener helps to fight pathogens.

Mid-ripening

With proper care and implementation of certain techniques in the conditions of Siberia and the Urals, they get a crop from trees of an average ripening period. Nothing special needs to be done at the same time, watering in a timely manner, removing weeds, feeding young and mature trees.

Ashinsky

Has a long fruiting period, almost 35 years. Practically undemanding to care.

Features:

• Adult plant reaches 3 m;
• self-fertile;
• cylindrical crown;
• berries are large;
• weight 5 g;
• shade dark red;
• flattened-round fruits;
• sweet, almost no sour taste;
• yield 12 kg per plant;
• easy to transport.

The many positive properties of cherries make them popular among gardeners.

Maximovskaya

This cherry was born back in 1985. Now it has become a favorite of gardeners who, observing all the norms and requirements, take care of the plant.

Features:

• Adult plant reaches 1.5 m;
• crown powerful but compact;
• fruits for 35 years;
• frost-resistant;
• unpretentious;
• berries are rounded;
• shade of fruit dark red;
• sweet and sour;
• weight 4.2g;
• medium stored;
• yield 15 kg per tree.

Feature of the species is the root system. The main root goes into the ground to a depth of 2.5 m. Accordingly, the tree is not afraid of a lack of moisture.

Maximovskaya cherry is picky in care, following the usual norms of agricultural technology, they get the declared harvest.

Trinity

The variety is productive, grows in various forms, strongly branched. This does not affect the quantity and quality of fruits.

Features:

• Adult plant reaches 1.5-3 m;
• crown pyramidal;
• pink flowers;
• fruit shape is wide-round;
• color dark red;
• weight 4.2 g;
• tasting score 4.2 points;
• stone separates well from pulp;
• ripens at the end of July;
• has average resistance to frost, drought and heat;
• begins to bear fruit from the 4th year of the seedling's life;
• yield 10 kg per bush;
• fruit does not crack during mechanical picking.

The tree is easily propagated by green cuttings.

Michurin's vole

For its unpretentiousness, the tree is becoming a favorite for many gardeners. Growing cherries in the garden does not cause any difficulties at all, not only for experienced summer residents, but also for beginners. Thanks to the genes of its progenitor, the field cherry, the tree has inherited hardiness genes.

Features:

• Adult plant reaches 2-2.5 m;
• self-infertile;
• crown wide;
• white flowers;
• red fruits;
• weight 3.5-4 g;
• taste sweet, almost no acid;
• cherries don't last long.

Thanks to the adopted genes, the Michurin vole is very cold-resistant, resistant to drought and adverse weather conditions.

Morozovka

Excellent variety for Siberia and the Urals. Differs in high winter hardiness and immunity to coccomycosis.

Features:

• Adult plant reaches 2.5 m;
• spherical crown;
• white flowers;
• fruits are large;
• weight 5 g;
• round shape;
• berry color dark red;
• taste sweet and sour;
• does not last long;
• transfers transportation and maintains marketable appearance.

When caring for a tree, pruning is mandatory, this process significantly affects the yield.

Griot of Moscow

A relatively old variety that is still popular with gardeners. Cherry is productive, tasty and unpretentious in care.

Features:

• Adult plant reaches 2.5 m;
• spherical crown with drooping branches;
• fruit weight 3.5g;
• round shape;
• color red with dark shades;
• self-infertile;
• winter hardy;
• fruits for 16 years;
• yield 9 kg per tree.

The stone separates very poorly from the pulp.

Despite the high resistance of the plant to cold, it is recommended to close the roots and trunk of the tree for the winter.

Later

Despite the short summer and the early onset of autumn cold in Siberia, many summer residents grow varieties of trees of late ripening. Such varieties should have a high level of resistance to cold and immunity to diseases characteristic of this category of fruit plants.

Precious Carmine

The cherries of this variety are bright red, which is why it got its name. The tree is capable of self-pollination, resistant to frost.

Description:

• Adult plant size 2 m;
• crown wide;
• fruit shape oval;
• weight 3.5 g;
• taste sweet and sour;
• fruiting occurs in the 3rd year;
• maximum yield per plant is obtained in the 8th year;
• ripens by mid-August.

When the necessary conditions are created, up to 15 kg of cherries are obtained from the tree. But if there is no proper care, then only 4-5 kg.

Subbotinskaya shrubby

The variety is heat and drought tolerant. It tolerates harsh winters well, thanks to these indicators it is gaining popularity in the gardens of Siberian summer residents.

Description:

• Adult plant size 2.5m;
• spherical crown;
• maroon bark;
• pink flowers;
• scarlet fruits;
• weight 4.2 g;
• taste great;
• yield 9 kg per plant.

It is necessary to plant pollinating varieties in the neighborhood, this will help increase the yield of bushes.

Biryusinka

High-yielding variety of late ripening cherries. The average yield per season is 20 kg per bush.

Description:

• Adult plant size 2 m;
• crown wide;
• fruit weight 6g;
• color dark red;
• taste is excellent, with sourness.

Great for any kind of processing and winterizing.

Plentiful

Summer residents first heard about her in 1992. The beginning of fruiting falls on the 3-4th year of life. In subsequent years, the volume of fruit grows.

Description:

• Adult plant size 2 m;
• the crown is wide, sprawling;
• blooms white;
• fruits are rounded;
• dark color;
• taste sweet and sour;
• weight 3g;
• transfer transportation over short distances.

The berries do not ripen at the same time, so they are harvested in parts. The fruits are used for juices, making wine, liqueurs and other processing methods.

Gridnevskaya

Due to high yields and resistance to cold winters, the variety has become popular in Siberia and the Urals.

Description:

• Adult plant size 2.5m;
• the crown is wide, thickened;
• weight of berries 3 g;
• color red;
• taste characteristic;
• the yield of an adult plant is 15 kg.

Sverdlovchanka

Cherry ripens by mid-August, subject to all the requirements of agricultural technology, they get a good harvest.

Description:

• Adult plant size 2.2m;
• round crown;
• blooms white;
• fruits weigh 5g;
• diameter 17cm;
• berries are dark;
• taste standard;
• calmly endures transportation;
• fruiting continues for 30 years.

When thickened, the berries become smaller and ripen longer. To prevent this, it is recommended to trim the bushes regularly.

Ural Ruby

The variety has been known to summer residents for a long time. They took him out in 1950. To this day, cherry does not lose its fans, but rather gains new ones.

Description:

• mature tree size 1.5m;
• yield 7 kg per plant;
• fruit shape is round;
• the color of the berries is ruby;
• weight 4g;
• fruiting continues for 30 years.

Tree self-fertile, planting pollinators recommended.

Generous

One of the cherries involved in the breeding of the variety was the steppe cherry. Her genes were fully transferred to the Generous variety.

Description:

• mature tree size 2 m;
• the crown is wide and rounded;
• white flowers;
• the shape of the berries is rounded;
• weight 4g;
• color red;
• bone separates easily;
• taste standard.

The yield of the variety is high, the bush begins to bear fruit in the 3rd year and continues to bear fruit for 30 years.

robin

Known to many summer residents, the cherry variety is popular. Gardeners love him for a high stable yield and unpretentious care.

Description:

• 3.2 m adult size;
• round crown;
• fruits are dark;
• weight 5g;
• taste characteristic, slightly sour;
• drought-resistant;
• frost-resistant;
• yield 13 kg per bush.

There are many varieties zoned for the Urals and Siberia, you need to properly care for them, and the result will not be long in coming.

Planting and caring for a fruit tree

Growing cherries on the site is a complex process. It is not enough just to buy a seedling. It must be properly planted, then carried out competent care. That's the only way to get results. It is better to plant a plant in the fall, it will take root better and begin to grow in early spring.

Irrigation and fertilization of the soil

These outdoor practices depend on the type of fruit tree and the soil composition at the planting site. Top dressings are selected based on what the plant lacks.

Initially, it is necessary to make complex mineral fertilizers, as well as organic matter. Then, as the bush grows, carefully monitor the appearance. The plant itself will show what it lacks.

An adult tree is fed once every 2 years.

Water often, but only while the tree is small, then reduce it to 3-4 times per season.

Foliar top dressing

Performed at any time except winter. Trees are sprayed with nutrient compounds that help plants get the necessary supply of minerals.

Through the foliage, nutrients spread faster through the tree and benefit. Thanks to this method of feeding, the trees gain strength and grow better.

Urea and potash fertilizers are used. Processed after flowering and fruiting.

Cutting and shaping

These procedures also depend on which variety the grower grows. Some cherries need to be pruned already in their second year of life, and some only after the first fruiting.

Sanitary pruning is carried out at any time. Formative in spring or autumn. Cut points are treated with garden pitch. It is better to prune trees in the spring, as incorrect pruning even leads to the death of plants in the fall.

Protection from diseases and pests

The fight against diseases of fruit trees is ongoing. It is recommended to carry out preventive treatments. Because it is more difficult to treat plants than to feed cherries in time.

Most often fruit get sick:

• coccomycosis;
• clusterosporiosis;
• monoliosis;
• anthracnose and other diseases.

Plants that contract a disease are easy to spot by their appearance. It is enough to carefully examine the trees and detect changes in time.

Against pests, spraying with various chemicals is also carried out. They are effective, but not safe for humans. Therefore, their use is advisable only before flowering and fruit formation. Then they try to use folk remedies for insect control.

What problems might you encounter

There are many problems in growing, especially for a beginner. But when you get acquainted with the advice of experienced summer residents, you can easily cope with any misfortune:

1. Cherry does not bloom. There are several reasons, perhaps the tree is sick, or it lacks nutrients.
2. Worms in berries. Requires special treatment for pests that lay eggs.
3. Growth stops. Nutrient deficiencies, poor location, insufficient watering and more.
4. Fruit falling off. The reason is the high acidity of the soil. By normalizing the pH, the yield is increased.
5. Growth. A common problem for gardeners. They buy a cherry that does not give shoots, then this problem will disappear immediately. If the cherry is coppice, then in early spring a horizontal cherry root is found, the shoots are removed, leaving no hemp. The place of the log house is treated with garden pitch.

Cultivation of cherries in the climatic conditions of Siberia and the Urals is quite real. It is necessary to follow all the rules of planting and growing, and the plant will thank you with a harvest.

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