When to prune roses in autumn: rules for preparing for winter, shelter and warming

Royal flowers are considered the brightest decoration of any garden. One of the important points in caring for them is pruning. But when you need to cut roses in the fall, before the onset of frost, many do not know. In order to enjoy lush flowering in each new season, this process should be a mandatory procedure. Autumn pruning is the key to plant he alth.

Why trim?

Ensuring a long and he althy plant life is the goal of every gardener. If pruning is needed in spring to form a bush, then in autumn this process makes the bush stronger and prolongs its youth.

It is especially important in cool regions to organize the wintering of plants, otherwise they will not survive the winter. Many varieties cannot go dormant on their own. When the temperature drops, they fall asleep, and the degrees rise a little - they resume the movement of juice, which forms cracks filled with ice on the branches and roots.

Besides this, bush pruning is performed for the following purposes:

• bush starts growing faster;
• stimulates the development of strong young shoots;
• a large number of strong buds appear;
• reduces the risk of contracting diseases;
• rhizome develops better;
• pruned bush is convenient to prepare for winter;
• nutrients accumulate.

Those roses that are left uncut are more at risk of freezing. And the shoots left for the winter successfully rot.

Procedure deadlines

The term for cutting royal flowers mainly depends on the weather and climatic features of the region. Many gardeners recommend starting the process between late October and mid-November. The exact dates can be specified by the lunar calendar. A favorable day is considered to be the day of the waning moon.

Optimal weather temperature is stable minus 3-5 degrees. Make sure no more warming is expected.

Required tools

The first thing that is recommended to pay attention to is the purchase of special gloves. Ordinary rubber ones are not suitable, as the spikes will easily pierce them and injure your hands. Therefore, you need to use tight gloves with a rubberized part.

When cutting a plant, you can't do without a garden pruner. It is convenient for them to remove thin branches, shoots, faded buds.When buying a tool, you need to choose one that will be comfortable on your hand. In addition, the blade should not be thin, so that thick branches cannot break it.

The next important tool is the long-handled pruner. It is quite easy for them to get long branches that cannot be reached with their hands. There are different versions of this tool. Many secateurs come with foam handles to make them comfortable to hold. Such a tool is not suitable for pruning roses, as thorns will cling to the handles. It is recommended to choose a pruner with plastic lining.

For easy cutting of the thickest branches, a folding saw works well. It must have an anti-corrosion treatment to avoid rust.

All tools must meet the relevant requirements:

• light and comfortable in hand;
• the blade must be sharp enough, otherwise it can injure the branches;
• the blades at the end should be narrowed so that it is easy to get hard-to-reach branches;
• the handle must not slip.

It is advisable to choose bright tools so that they can be easily and quickly found in the grass.

Before cutting, it is recommended to lubricate the tools with a manganese solution or garden pitch. This must be done in order not to infect the rose with various infections.

How to prune for the winter?

To properly prune roses for the winter, gardeners need to follow a certain algorithm of actions. All varieties of roses have their own pruning characteristics. Important: on all varieties of roses, the cut is made a centimeter above the outer bud, at an angle of 45 degrees.

Use several ways of cutting plants:

• short when two dormant buds remain;
• medium, the plant is shortened by half, leaving 30 centimeters of shoots;
• long when tall shoots remain, slightly shortened;
• gentle, in which only the top of the shoots is cut off.

Autumn pruning is not needed only for ground cover roses. They remove diseased, broken and lost decorative shoots.

Stamp roses

In such plants, the grafted part is high from the ground. This means that special pruning is needed in preparation for winter. The process is based on the characteristics of the grafted plant, where the removal of weak and unnecessary shoots allows the bush to leave strength for further active growth. Since standard roses are overly susceptible to cold, they need good frost protection.

Climbing roses

In autumn, climbing roses are not pruned much, as it is necessary to preserve the entire length of the branches, on which luxurious inflorescences will bloom in the next growing season.

First of all, pest-affected, damaged and unripe branches are removed. It is also important to clear the plant of unproductive shoots that clog the bush. Young shoots are shortened to an old tree trunk. After the procedure, all inflorescences and leaves are removed.

Pruning hybrid tea roses

Plants of the tea-hybrid variety winter well. Pruning is necessary so that they easily endure the cold, and new and strong flowering branches appear. It is recommended to trim the climbing rose moderately - the branches are removed by half. This allows for another pruning in the spring to remove frost-damaged shoots.

Preparing the plant for winter, young shoots are not removed. Hybrid tea roses open buds first on old branches and then open young ones.

Pruning the Floribunda rose

Floribunda is one of the hardiest roses for winter weather.To ensure luxurious flowering in the summer, a bush is cut 50 centimeters from the ground in the middle of autumn. You can cut the plant short, then next year a low bush will grow, with evenly strewn, but luxurious buds.

If the grower wishes to leave the bush high, cut off quite a bit. In such roses, the upper part of the bush is most susceptible to flowering.

Polyanthus roses

Pruning these plants is limited to removing damaged and unripe branches. The ideal option would be if you leave about 8 of the main he althiest branches. The shoots inside the bush are cut off to form a spherical shape. 6-7 buds are left on small branches. Polyanthus roses of undersized varieties branch heavily, so they are pruned low. Leave only a couple of buds on each branch.

Preparing for shelter

Safely hiding roses from frost is the main goal of preparing for winter. This should be taken seriously, as the survival of plants depends on the process.

Roses before winter need feeding. For this, a complex fertilizer is suitable, which will saturate the roots of plants and support the entire cold period. It should include:

• phosphorus;
• calcium;
• potassium monophosphate;
• superphosphate;
• potassium sulphate;
• boric acid.

You can add ash.

Then all the leaves under the plant are cleaned and burned to kill the pests that are there. To prevent fungal infections, plants are treated with copper or iron sulphate. And with the first frosts, you should begin to insulate.

When to start loosening the soil?

Already at the beginning of autumn, you can start preparing roses for the winter. In mid-September, the leaves on the lower part of the bush are removed, and the plant is hilled. Loosening the soil is carried out to a height of 30 centimeters.

For hilling, nutritious dry soil is taken, mixed with sand. You can not rake the earth next to the bush, so as not to accidentally expose the roots. Do not add peat mixture to the soil, otherwise on frosty days it will turn into sharp large stones that can injure the bark on the plant.

Warming the roots by loosening will prevent damage and cracks that occur under the influence of a sharp frost.

How and how to cover roses for the winter?

Quality material is chosen for covering roses. It must meet the requirements that allow the plant to create an ideal microclimate. To protect against evaporation, when the frosts begin to subside and prolonged thaws begin, the coating should not be in close contact with the bush. In addition, it should be:

• tight;
• durable;
• vapor permeable.

These qualities will allow oxygen to flow freely, and the plant will not suffocate.

Important: it is better to hide the rose for the winter later than prematurely.

You can cover a plant according to different schemes and methods:

• airy, when a house is made from a frame, stretched with polyethylene, covered with soil;
• shield, when the branches are tied in a bundle, bent to the ground, and polyethylene or agrofibre is pulled on top;
• put jute bags on top of the plant;
• wrap with cardboard.

Standard roses that grow in tubs are taken out to a cold cellar.

Features of preparing flowers for winter in different regions of Russia

Each region has its own nuances in preparing roses for winter. Meaning has an open or closed place, sunny or shady.

The best options are considered to be:

• shelter of roses for the winter in the Urals - from the first days to mid-October;
• Central European part and Moscow region - from the 20th of October to the 10th of November;
• southern stripes - from the 20th to the 30th of November;
• Siberia - early November.

In the Moscow region, from October 15, roses enter a state of rest, so you can start the procedure after this date. In very cold areas, for example, in the Tyumen region, it is recommended to plant roses in tubs and hide them in a cellar for the winter.

Caring for roses is an important part of the beauty of every home garden. The peculiarities of plant varieties and the natural and climatic conditions of the regions should be taken into account. Properly performed procedures ensure the he alth of beautiful flowering shrub plants.

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