Gaillardia perennial: planting and care, description of varieties, preparation for winter with a photo

One of the favorites for decorating a personal plot is perennial gaillardia. Features of planting and care, methods of reproduction - important information for everyone who wants to grow this attractive plant in their own flower bed. Gaillardia in external form has similarities with chamomile, but in color it is distinguished by brightness and diversity. The shrub is actively used by designers to create the most daring and unusual color compositions.

Description

Gaillardia perennial from the Asteraceae family owes its unique name to French patron Gaillard de Charanteau, who was fond of botany.

Culture has chosen the territory of North and South America, and is cultivated on almost all continents, because it is resistant to drought and the ability to develop in areas with frequent temperature changes.

Gaillardia height reaches 1 meter. The stems are densely branched. The leaves, which have an oval shape and jagged edges, are alternately arranged on the stem. Tall peduncles contain flowers at the top, collected in huge inflorescences. One bud consists of numerous reed jagged flowers around the edges.

Views

There are many types of gaillardia, each of which can be recognized by external signs.

Beautiful

Sprawling gaillardia bush has thin and tall pedicels with inflorescences-baskets 6-7 cm in diameter at the top. The bud is a spectacular red-purple color, which turns yellow by the end of flowering. Some varieties of Gaillardia Beautiful are annuals, so they are not in demand among gardeners.

Picta

Unusual bright Gaillardia has a double or semi-double large inflorescence. The second name is “painted”, due to the variety of colors that a bud can be painted with.

Lorenz

The variety is distinguished by spherical double inflorescences, consisting of yellow-red reed and yellow tubular funnel-shaped flowers with a jagged limb. Gaillardia is able to bloom for a long time from June to the second decade of November.

Red Plume

Gaillardia has double inflorescences with reed flowers of a red hue, which are arranged in 2-3 rows. The tubular parts of the inflorescence are purple and funnel-shaped.

Yellow Plume

Gaillardia variety is popular with gardeners. Inflorescences-baskets have a spherical shape and terry. The core consists of yellow pseudo-reed flowers.

Spinous

This plant is valued by gardeners for its straight shoots with dense pubescence at the top. The height of the gaylardia varies from 30 to 75 cm. The basket can reach a diameter of 12 cm. The foliage is oval-shaped with a jagged edge, and the variegated reed flowers are painted in yellow or orange. Depending on the color, the Spiny Gaillardia is divided into different varieties.

Mandarin

This variety of gaillardia lives up to its name, as it has a bright color of petals arranged in several rows.

Wirral flame

The core has a ruby hue, which evenly turns into light orange to the edge of the petals.

Dazzer

The bases of reed flowers have a red tint and the edges have a yellow, sandy tint.

Croftwav Yellow

The inflorescence is often compared to the sun due to the rich yellow color of the petals.

Hybrid

The parents of the hybrid are Spinous and Beautiful Gaillardia. The average plant height is 80 cm. The shoot is decorated with lanceolate pubescent leaves, symmetrically located on a high stem. The culture blooms for a month and a half with overall terry inflorescences painted in hot colors.

Bremen

This variety can grow up to 70 cm.

Burgundy

The plant reaches 50 cm and has monochromatic wine-colored inflorescences.

Zone

Often less than 50 cm, basket-shaped inflorescences include reed flowers of a yellow tone that shimmers from dark to light.

Kobold

Differ in straight and branched shoots, reaching a height of 150 cm. The bud itself is large with a crimson core, consisting of their tubular flowers. Reed flowers shimmer with a yellow tint, which gradually turns into red towards the end.

Golden Goblin

Recently bred cultivar features a low growth perennial shoot topped with a golden hue inflorescence. It has a long flowering period, great for decorating a stone flower garden.

Tokajer

A novelty in the field of ornamental plant breeding, which is distinguished by its tall stature. The perennial bush has a large number of bright orange inflorescences that look great when composing.

Primavera

Short variety, not exceeding 25 cm in height. The compact bush has rosettes, from which up to 8 peduncles are formed, crowned with baskets up to 12 cm in diameter.

Arizona Sun

Grows no higher than 30 cm. Forms a round bush with gray-green foliage and numerous inflorescences. Attention is drawn to the orange-red flowers that bloom in June and delight until September.

Grandiflora

Compact form of gaillardia 25-30 cm high. One rosette can form 6-8 peduncles, with terracotta-red flowers 10-12 cm in diameter.

Oriental patterns

Large inflorescences up to 12 cm in diameter with copper-red, yellow flowers at the ends and yellow with a crimson tinted center. Gaillardia blooms from June until frost.

Montana

Exotic perennial with a straight stem, bending below, up to 75 cm tall. Inflorescences solitary, up to 12 cm in diameter. Reed flowers are variegated, have a yellow, orange color. Gaillardia is able to bloom for a long time and take part in the preparation of many successful color compositions.

Lanceolate and blunt-toothed

A tall perennial plant growing to over 50cm tall with dark green leaves and medium sized reddish buds. The branching stem of Gaillardia is dotted with a large number of small lanceolate-shaped leaves with a dissected border.

Large-flowered

Perennial gaillardia, which is distinguished by its large bud size and therefore fully corresponds to its name. The diameter of the inflorescences exceeds 10 cm with reed flowers of yellow-red color with a red center. Fascinating with June flowering.

Beautiful

The plant can grow up to 70-75 cm, showing off single inflorescences with variegated reed flowers with a dark yellow core. The shoots at the bottom have a peculiar bend.

Red shades

Compact bush, not exceeding 30 cm, with 6-8 peduncles per representative, on which there is a large inflorescence from 10 to 12 cm in diameter. May bloom for 5-6 years.

Amber

Gaillardia grows up to 70-75 cm in height, inflorescences grow up to 12 cm in diameter. Abundant flowering is observed throughout the summer. Used in the manufacture of the most elegant and bright bouquets.

When and how to plant

There are two methods of planting gaillardia with seeds: sowing in the ground and using seedlings. The first one is practically not used, because the conditions of our climate do not allow the plant to fully develop, and more than half of the seedlings die.

Seedling method

One of the popular methods is seedling, as it guarantees a high percentage of germination, but requires more effort, unlike direct planting in the soil.

Disembarkation

Sowing should start in early March. To do this, you need to take containers in the form of small containers or pots, fill them with moist soil and distribute the seeds over the substrate.Top gently sprinkle with a thin layer of nutrient soil or vermiculite, which contains active minerals such as potassium, magnesium, silicon, iron.

Storage

Place the material in a lighted place, but also take care of the absence of direct sunlight. The temperature of germination of perennial gaillardia seeds is 20-22 degrees. Seedlings will begin to appear in the second week. After the first shoots, move the containers with crops to a cool place where the air temperature will be no more than 20 degrees.

Moisture

Watering as needed, as soon as the soil is dry, it needs to be moistened. Don't water Gaillardia too much to reduce the risk of gray mold infection.

Picking

In the process of growth, seedlings must form new leaves, so for full development, provide plants with enough space. The distance between the sprouts should not be less than 5 cm, move the remaining shoots to separate containers.

Picking is done only after the full development of the first two true leaves.

Transfer

After 2 weeks, carry out hardening, leaving perennial gaillardia in the fresh air for 2-3 hours a day, gradually increasing this period. As the seedling adapts to outdoor conditions, it can be safely transplanted into open soil. Transplantation is recommended in the last days of May.

Landing in open ground

Before planting, take care of soil fertility. Gaillardia does not develop well on soil with high acidity, which is able to retain moisture. The soil should be light, moderately enriched with nutrients and have good drainage.

To properly prepare the soil for planting a crop, you need to enrich it with 1 bucket of humus, ash, and 100 g of minerals for every 1 m2² of the plot.

The distance between the sprouts should vary from 20 to 25 cm. The number of seedlings in one hole is determined depending on the variety. To make the bush lush, it is recommended to plant 2-3 plants in one hole. Moisten the soil after planting.

Choice of location and dates

Landing can be done only with the onset of good weather and when the soil is completely warmed up. One of the important features of perennial gaillardia seeds is their excellent tolerance to low temperatures. But seedlings will begin to form only with warming.

When choosing a landing site, give preference to sunny, wind-protected areas.

Weeding and loosening

A culture like gaillardia is undemanding to care for, but does not tolerate weeds, it must be removed regularly. In addition to weeding, systematically loosen the soil to saturate it with oxygen, which the root system needs for normal growth.

Irrigation

Irrigation is needed only when there is no rain for a long time. The culture does not tolerate stagnant water and excessively moist soils, so it is recommended to make a small amount of water during the dry season.

Garter and seating

Dried leaves and inflorescences should be disposed of in a timely manner, carefully pruning them. Tall varieties require a garter so that the heavy stems do not fall apart and have a well-groomed appearance.

Feeding

Gaillardia perennial needs at least three feedings a day during one season. At the same time, it is worth observing the feeding schedule:

1. During the formation of inflorescences.
2. At the time of flowering.
3. A month before the onset of frost.

Must and complex minerals will serve as top dressing, manure cannot be used for such purposes.

Mulching

Gaillardia needs regular soil mulching to enrich it with oxygen and nutrients. This will positively affect the functioning of the root system.

Preparing for winter

Wintering is given to the plant quite simply, because it is well tolerated even by significant temperature drops, with the exception of young plantings. Therefore, Gaillardia needs to be properly prepared for the winter, before the frosts have time to cover with foliage.

Post-flowering care

After blooming of Gaillardia, cut dried buds, fertilize the soil by applying minerals, and start preparing perennial Gaillardia for the winter period.

Diseases and pests

Gailardia can resist diseases and pests well when properly planted and all aspects of care are observed. The cause of diseases is waterlogged soil and shading.

Prevention is quite simple: cultivate Gaillardia in the right place, provide it with space and observe watering conditions.

Powdery mildew

A white coating forms on the vegetative parts of the plant, leading to its gradual withering.

White rust

At the first stages, a white coating appears, which acquires a reddish tint.

Aphid

The pest pierces the epidermis of the plant and sucks out the juices, this prevents the perennial from developing fully.

Whitefly

A small white midge that feeds on the juice of a flower is considered a carrier of various viruses and infections.

Reproduction

There are two ways to breed Gaillardia - by seeds and by dividing the bush. It is recommended to resort to such actions when the plants reach the age of 4-5 years.

Seeds

Gaillardia seeds are formed in the core closer to autumn. They should be collected, sorted out, leaving only large and he althy specimens.Store in a dry, warm place in air-permeable bags or paper bags. For next season, seeds can be used for planting.

Dividing the bush

The bush must be carefully dug up and divided into parts with shoots and roots. Plant the resulting parts in flower beds. The procedure is carried out in the spring.

Use in garden design

Gaillardia is used to supplement coniferous and ornamental shrubs. It goes well with lupine, forms an interesting composition with rudbeckia, echinacea. Low-growing varieties are used to decorate borders and garden paths.

Answers to questions

How to prune Gaillardia?

Carefully remove only dried vegetative and generative parts of the bush without damaging the main central trunk.

How long does Gailardia bloom?

The timing of flowering depends on the variety. The perennial mainly blooms almost all summer and the first month of autumn.

To grow a beautiful gaillardia, you should properly care for it, know how to transplant and protect it from possible dangers. And then the perennial, surrounded by attention, will decorate any local area with bright flowering and elegant appearance.

Reviews

Faith: “One of the most unpretentious and frost-resistant ornamental crops. I have been growing it in a flowerbed for a long time, using it to make original bouquets.”

Marina: “The plant grows quickly and fills all the free gaps. Small varieties on the edges of the paths look great.”

Recommended