Feverfew: planting and care, varieties and cultivation rules

Pyrethrum is one of the hardiest plants planted by gardeners. It forms spectacular inflorescences of various colors. They look like chamomile flowers. This plant also has medicinal properties. Its flowers are actively used in folk medicine for the treatment of many diseases. Further information on planting and caring for feverfew in the garden.

General description and characteristics

Pyrethrum has several names: girlish chrysanthemum, exceptional matricaria, Dalmatian, Caucasian chamomile. Cultivated mainly as an annual. The height of the bushes varies between 20 centimeters and 1 meter.

The root system is powerful. The leaves are pinnately dissected, bright green. A chrysanthemum fragrance emanates from them. The buds are painted white, cream, yellow, pink. They bloom in late May or early June. Flowering lasts until frost.

Advantages and disadvantages of a flower

The positive qualities of feverfew include the following characteristics:

• spectacular appearance of plants;
• long flowering period;
• unpretentious care;
• good immunity;
• possibility of use as a cut plant.

Significant deficiencies in Dalmatian chamomile have not been identified.

Varieties of feverfew

Specialists have bred many varieties of culture. The main ones are:

1. Pyrethrum girlish. The bush reaches a height of 50 centimeters. Flowers simple or double. They are painted white or yellow. The most popular varieties are Silbeoteppich, Dal White, Virgo.
2. Feverfew. This is a tall variety of culture. 15-20 flowers grow on the stem. They are collected in loose shields. Buds open with white petals in June.
3. Chamomile Robinson. Large buds of the culture are painted in pink, red, purple. The Robinson Giants bloom in June. Matricaria of this variety tolerates penumbra well.
4. Pyrethrum pink. The shoots of the plant grow up to 70 centimeters. In full bloom, Persian chamomile buds reach a diameter of 5 centimeters. The petals of the flower are pink, the center is yellow.
5. Feverfew red. It is also called Caucasian chamomile, since the birthplace of the flower is the Caucasus. The leaves of the culture are twice pinnately dissected. Bud petals - dark cherry.
6. Pyrethrum white perennial. The petals of the buds are painted white. Inflorescences can be simple or double. The height of the bushes is 20-100 centimeters.
7. Feverfew Raspberry giants. Large chamomile-shaped inflorescences of the culture are painted crimson. The leaves are graceful, pinnate. The bushes endure the harsh winter well.
8. Pyrethrum Golden ball. The perennial plant is cultivated as an annual. The height of the bushes is 20-25 centimeters. Spherical inflorescences-baskets are painted yellow. Their diameter is 3-4 centimeters.
9. Feverfew terry. The inflorescences of the culture have a terry shape. Petals can be colored white, yellow, pink.

Additional information. The plant is used in folk medicine as an antipyretic. For this property, the culture was called "pyrethrum", which translates as "fever", "heat".

Fit details

Matricaria planting starts in late February or early March. The seed material is pre-stratified.

Soil and capacity

Many gardeners prefer pre-growing from seed. For sowing choose containers with low sides. They are filled with a mixture of peat and sand. Seeds are distributed over the surface, sprayed with water from a spray bottle, lightly sprinkled with a substrate. To maintain greenhouse conditions, the container is covered with a film.

Seedling care

The seed box is placed in a room with a temperature of 18-20 °C. Covering material is removed every day to ventilate the crops. After the emergence of shoots, the film is removed. When 3-4 leaves are formed on the seedlings, they start picking. To do this, each bush is carefully taken with tweezers, planted in a small pot. 2 weeks before planting in a permanent place, young bushes begin to harden.

Planting seedlings

Matricaria is planted on the plot after the threat of frost has passed. For landing, an area illuminated by the sun in the morning and evening hours is selected. Almost all types of culture tolerate penumbra well.

Seedlings are planted in open ground as follows:

• dig holes 20-25 centimeters deep at a distance of 25-30 centimeters;
• plant bushes with a clod of earth;
• cover with substrate;
• watered abundantly.

To preserve moisture, the area can be mulched with peat, straw, mowed grass.

Flower care rules

Care consists in watering, periodic feeding of plants. To maintain the decorative appearance of the culture, stems with faded buds are cut.

Irrigation

Feverfew has a well-developed root system. Therefore, the bushes do not need frequent watering. Irrigate the land only in case of a prolonged drought. After watering, the earth is loosened. The procedure promotes air circulation necessary for the root system.

Feeding and fertilizer

Feverfew prefers to develop in fertile soil. Therefore, at least 3 times per season, nutrients are added. Use complex mineral top dressing. When digging the earth, rotted manure is brought in.

Cutting

Fade buds are removed. The procedure contributes to the decorativeness of the bush. In addition, new shoots will grow from sleeping lateral buds. By the end of the season, the gardener will be able to admire the new flowering brushes.

Wintering

The aerial part of perennial pyrethrum species is cut off in late autumn. The trunk circle is sprinkled with peat or rotted manure. Mulching material will prevent freezing of the roots. Mulch is raked in early spring.

Protection from diseases and pests

Feverfew has good immunity. Culture is rarely affected by diseases and pests. The fungus is formed, as a rule, from an excess of moisture in the ground. Therefore, plants should be watered sparingly. Fungicides are used to prevent the occurrence of diseases. Bushes affected by rot are removed from the site.

Insecticides are used to prevent and get rid of harmful insects. Leaf-eating slugs are harvested by hand.

Reproduction methods

You can breed Dalmatian chamomile on the plot with seeds, dividing the bush, cuttings. Seed propagation is carried out at the end of winter or at the beginning of spring. The seed is planted first in a shallow container. As the plants develop, they are planted in separate containers. The grown bushes are planted in the ground.

For grafting cut off basal shoots.The lower parts are treated in a growth stimulator, planted in pots with loose soil. The containers are covered with foil. Soon roots will begin to form on the cuttings. Well-rooted shoots are planted on the site. Once every 2-3 years, perennial feverfew is divided. The procedure is carried out in the fall. The root system is dug up, divided into parts. Each division is planted in a previously prepared hole.

Application in landscape design

Low-growing varieties of pyrethrum are used for edging flower beds, planted as a border along a garden path. Tall bushes can be planted as a separate island against the background of the lawn. The culture is also decorated with mixborders, rabatka, flower beds. Plants look spectacular in combination with bells, foxgloves, carnations.

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