The best eggplant varieties for Siberia: TOP 11 with names and descriptions

Summer in Siberia is short. Under these conditions, vegetables do not always have time to ripen. But many gardeners, picking up early and mid-early varieties, have adapted to grow eggplants and other vegetable crops. Landing is carried out both in open and closed ground. Further information about the best eggplant varieties for Siberia, the features of growing crops in this region.

The best eggplant varieties for Siberia and the Urals

In the northern regions, preference is given to early and mid-early varieties of eggplant. This condition must be observed for the reason that the culture has a long growing season. The best eggplant varieties for Siberia and the Urals are as follows.

Early 148

The height of the bushes varies between 20-50 centimeters. The shape of the vegetables is elongated pear-shaped, the color is purple. Fruit weight - 150-200 grams. Eggplant Siberian early 148 gives good yields even in adverse weather. Fruits in open ground and under cover.

Siberian Prince

The variety is grown mainly in greenhouse conditions. The Siberian prince reaches a height of 50 centimeters. The fruits are shaped like a cylinder. The middle is curved. Fruit weight - 250-300 grams, color - dark purple.

White Night

The bushes reach a height of 70 centimeters. 7-8 pear-shaped fruits of white or yellowish color grow on them. The length of the eggplant is 15-20 centimeters. Ripening occurs on the 105th day after planting. If early varieties are planted in a greenhouse, you can harvest up to 10 days earlier.

Bull Heart F1

The height of the bushes is 70-80 centimeters. Eggplants ripen in 110-115 days. The weight of oval fruits is about 300 grams. The skin is dyed purple. You can plant the Bull's Heart F1 under a film cover and on an open area.

Nutcracker F1

This is a high yielding hybrid. The fabulous eggplant forms oval fruits of a dark purple color. Their weight is 250-300 grams. The pulp does not contain bitterness. Mid-early variety suitable for growing under film cover.

Diamond

The variety is popular not only in Siberia, but also in other regions. The bushes are fruitful: up to 8 kilograms of eggplant are harvested per square meter. The fruits are purple, almost black. Their length is about 17 centimeters, weight - 150-180 grams. Greenish flesh.

Japanese dwarf

Eggplant forms fruits well not only in a closed area, but also in an open area. Dwarf variety: bushes do not exceed a height of 40 centimeters. The fruits are shaped like a pear. Light flesh forms under the dark purple skin.

B altic

This is another variety used for cultivation in the northern regions. The height of the bushes varies between 45-75 centimeters. The shape of the purple fruits is cylindrical, the length is 12-20 centimeters.

Early Czech

The period from germination to technical maturity is 90-100 days. The fruits are large, ovoid. The skin is purple, the flesh is without bitterness. The mass of eggplant is about 500 grams. A crop destined for the northwest is being planted under film cover.

Black Diamond

This is one of the early ripe eggplant varieties. The fruits ripen 105-110 days after planting. The height of the bushes is 50-60 centimeters. Fruit weight - 200-250 grams. Light flesh covered with dark purple skin.

Matrosik F1

The variety attracts attention with lilac-white striped fruits. They can be consumed raw. Bushes reach a height of 70-80 centimeters. Fruiting begins on the 105th day. The eggplant shape is pear-shaped, weight - 250-400 grams. In Siberia, they are grown under cover.

Additional information. To get rid of solanine, which gives eggplant bitterness, chopped fruits are placed in a bowl, sprinkled with s alt. After 30 minutes, the bitter juice is poured out of the dishes.

Features of growing crops in this region

In harsh regions with a short summer, eggplant is grown by seedlings. In this case, gardeners will have time to remove as many fruits from the bush as possible.

Sowing seedlings

Sowing is done in late February or early March. Shoots will appear in the middle of the first spring month. It is best to sow eggplant directly in peat pots. Then, during the subsequent transplantation into the ground, the seedlings will hurt less. If there are no pots, a shallow container is picked up.

Sowing is done as follows:

• seeds are placed in a disinfectant solution for 20-30 minutes, washed off with water;
• the box is filled with a substrate consisting of garden soil, peat, sand;
• make grooves 1-1.5 cm deep;
• sow seeds, cover them with substrate;
• sprayed with water from a spray bottle.

The box with the crops is covered with a film, placed in a warm place. The air temperature in the room should reach 27 ° C.

Seedling care

The film is removed every day, the crops are aired. When the sprouts hatch, the box is transferred to a well-lit room with an air temperature of about 18 ° C. In such conditions, it is kept for 5 days. Then the temperature is increased to 23-25 °C.

Moisten the ground as needed. Watering is done, as a rule, 1-2 times a week. Excess water should drain through the drainage holes. Otherwise, the seedlings may be affected by a fungal disease. To grow strong, he althy bushes, the earth is fertilized. The first dressing is done 2 weeks after germination. To do this, 1 tablespoon of urea is diluted in 10 liters of water. Nutrients are brought into moist soil.

When 3-4 leaves appear on the bushes, they are transplanted into small pots. Seedlings in separate containers will have more room to develop. Before planting eggplants on the site, they are hardened. For this, plants are taken out every day, first for a few minutes, then for several hours.

Landing at a permanent location

Seedlings can be planted in the greenhouse at the end of April. Eggplants are planted on a site in Siberia in mid-June. By this time, the soil has time to warm up well. The bed is prepared the previous summer like this:

• dig a hole 20-25 centimeters deep;
• pour organic material: sawdust, grass, clean leaves, small branches;
• poured several times with infusion of bird droppings;
• fall covered with earth;
• enclose the bed with boards.

Sprinkle the area with wood ash in spring. 7-10 days before planting the eggplant, the bed is watered with a solution of mullein, heated with a film. Then the earth is loosened, pits are dug 15-20 centimeters deep. The distance between the bushes is 35 centimeters. Immediately after planting, the culture is watered with warm water. The root circle is sprinkled with mulch. Organic material will prevent the rapid evaporation of moisture from the depths of the earth. If the variety requires further tying, pegs are driven in immediately.

Care instructions

Initial care consists in timely watering, subsequent loosening of the soil. Bushes form. Eggplants are fed several times during the season.

Outdoor

Eggplants are moisture-loving plants. At least a bucket of water is consumed per square meter of area. Watering is carried out after the top layer of the soil has dried. The procedure is performed in the morning or evening.

Pay attention! Eggplants need to be watered only under the root. Overhead irrigation can adversely affect crop production.

1-2 days after watering, the soil is loosened. Weeds around plants are removed. Eggplants begin to feed 10 days after planting, then during the period of flowering and fruiting. Use complex mineral fertilizer.

In order for eggplants to ripen in the climate of Siberia, it is necessary to form bushes. Unnecessary stepchildren and part of the ovaries are removed. As a result of the procedure, the plants direct all their efforts to the development of 7-8 fruits left on them.

In the greenhouse

The air temperature in the greenhouse is maintained at 25-30 °C. Air the room during the day. Otherwise, fruits may not be tied. Rainfall does not penetrate into the closed ground. Therefore, they irrigate the ground around the eggplants in the greenhouse more often than in the open area.

Tall varieties of crops are tied to a support. In bushes that have reached a height of 30 cm, pinch the top. After that, shoots will actively begin to grow. The optimal amount is 5 stems per plant. The rest are removed.

Protection of plants from diseases and pests

Eggplant under adverse conditions can be exposed to diseases and pests. The main ones are:

1. Black leg. Occurs when there is too much moisture. There is no cure. Bushes are removed from the garden, the ground is disinfected.
2. Late blight. Leaf plates with this disease become stained, the fruits are deformed. Fitosporin is used for prevention and treatment.
3. Powdery mildew. The fungus infects trunks, leaves, fruits. You can detect the disease by white bloom on all above-ground parts of the culture. Fungicides are used to control the fungus.
4. Colorado potato beetle. The pest eats tender leaves, weakening plants. It is harvested by hand or plants are treated with insecticides.
5. Aphids. The insect sucks cell sap from leaf plates. Large colonies of aphids can kill eggplants. Fitoverm, an infusion of ash, is used against the pest.

Important! Treatment with chemicals is stopped a month before the fruit is harvested.

Harvest and storage of crops

In Siberia, eggplants begin to be harvested in August. Their pulp by this period becomes elastic. Depending on the variety, the skin of ripe fruits acquires a white, purple, lilac color. You need to harvest on time, otherwise the pulp will become hard, bitter.

The fruits are cut with a sharp pruner, with a part of the stalk.They are wiped with a dry cloth, placed in a cool room. As a rule, eggplants are stored for 2-3 weeks. If they are wrapped in paper, laid out on straw, covered with dense material, the shelf life will increase by 1-2 months.

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