Quince: planting and care in the suburbs, the best varieties and growing rules

Despite the fact that quince is a heat-loving crop, they are trying to grow it in the north, in particular, in the Moscow region. For this, gardeners choose the best varieties. Consider planting quince and caring for it in the Moscow region, the features of growing in the region, how to choose the timing and place of planting. How to care for planted plants, cut, shape, carry out protection against diseases. Breeding features.

The best varieties of quince for the Moscow region

Quince cultivars, which can be chosen for growing in the country, should be characterized by such characteristics as cold resistance and resistance to temperature extremes, which are necessary for the plant to survive in cold climates.It is recommended to buy seedlings with a closed root system, which take root better.

For planting in the suburbs suitable varieties such as:

1. North. The variety is unpretentious to climatic conditions, gives large and tasty fruits. Can be used as rootstock for peaches and pears.
2. Muscat. Resistant to cold and freezing, self-fertile variety. Fruits of medium size, 200g each
3. Teplovskaya. Late-ripening variety, fruits have a long shelf life.
4. Nikitskaya, early maturing variety, good winter hardiness, tree of medium height.

Due to the cold resistance, quince in the Moscow region gives stable and annual crops. In addition, it has acquired resistance to moniliosis, a disease that often affects trees in the southern regions.

Features of cultivation in this region

Due to the different climate with the southern regions, quince farming is somewhat different from the standard.

Timing and venue selection

Quince seedlings in the Moscow region are planted in spring or autumn. At the end of the season, the dates are chosen so that the seedlings are planted a month or a half before the onset of a stable cold snap. In the first winter, the root zone must be covered with mulch, and the branches with agrofiber. In spring, seedlings are chosen after the snow melts, but before the ground is completely dry.

The main thing when choosing a place for planting quince is to find a site that will be protected from cold winds. It is best to plant a tree not far from buildings or fences. It should be well lit, as in the shade the trees bloom and bear fruit poorly.

Preparation of planting material

Quince seedlings for planting in the Moscow region should be chosen 1 or 2-year-old. You need to pay attention to the bark and roots of plants. The bark should be smooth, without damage, the roots should be fresh, well developed. A day before planting a seedling, you need to soak its roots in a growth stimulant solution, the drug helps the seedlings take root better.

Boarding process

In the Moscow region, quince is grown in the form of a multi-stemmed shrub or tree. Planting pattern: 2 m in a row and 3-4 in row spacing. The planting sequence is as follows: dig planting holes, lower the roots of the seedlings, sprinkle them with earth, water them. After the water has been absorbed, cover the root zone with mulch.

Quince care

Like any crop, quince needs care. Trees need to be watered, fed, during the period of increased growth, form a crown, prepare trees for winter.

Irrigation

In the conditions of the Moscow region, quince can be watered infrequently. When there is no rain, watering is carried out 1 time in 2 weeks, but plentifully. Culture does not like either too wet ground or too dry. To reduce the frequency of watering, it is recommended to cover the soil near the roots with mulch from any plant material.

Feeding and fertilizer

Feeding quince is carried out 3 times a season: before leafing, before flowering, after the formation of ovaries. Top dressing can be organic - humus and ash, which are simply scattered near the trees, mineral fertilizers can also be used.

Cutting

The crown of the quince grown in the form of a tree is formed into a cup shape, in the first year 3-4 branches are left, which will become skeletal. Then cut the branches so that they are almost parallel to the ground. In the future, sanitary pruning is carried out: old, drying branches damaged by pests and diseases are removed, in the spring - damaged by frost.

Wintering

In the Moscow region, quince should be covered in autumn, before the onset of cold weather, with mulch. Straw, sawdust cover the root zone, the mulch layer should be at least 15 cm. To protect against sunburn in February, the trunk and main branches are whitened with lime. Newly planted trees should be completely covered with agrofibre, at least for the first winter.

Diseases and pests

To prevent the development of moniliosis, every year before flowering, trees should be sprayed with copper chloride, Strobi, Topsin, Topaz preparations.Of the pests, fruits can infect codling moths in the early stages of ovary development, when the fruits almost begin to sing - wasps. To combat codling moths, trees are sprayed with insecticides, 1-2 times with a break of 2 weeks.

Reproduction

The best ways to propagate culture in the suburbs - green and lignified cuttings; trees grown from them retain all varietal characteristics. Cuttings from increments are cut in June, 2 internodes long. They are treated with Kornevin and planted obliquely in a wet mixture of sand and peat. Cuttings take root in a month.

In the autumn they are transplanted to a specially allocated bed. A year later, young trees are transplanted to a permanent place. Quince from cuttings begins to bear fruit at 3-4 years.

Growing quince in the suburbs is not as difficult as it seems. It is necessary to choose the right landing site so that the tree does not freeze out in winter, monitor the timing of feeding, watering, cut branches to form a crown and rejuvenate.The life of a quince can reach more than 50 years, if you take care of it correctly, the tree will grow and bear fruit for several decades.

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