Cultivation of pepper in the open field and greenhouse in the suburbs

For most gardeners, growing sweet peppers is commonplace. Quite often, people are engaged in the cultivation of pepper in the open field in the suburbs. This region is more suitable for planting vegetables, as it has a humid summer with optimal temperatures. In the Moscow region, it is recommended to plant mid-season or early varieties, as they take root here better than other types of pepper.

Before growing seedlings of pepper for the Moscow region, it is recommended to decide on the most suitable varieties and familiarize yourself with how to plant pepper correctly.

Popular varieties

The climatic conditions of the Moscow region are suitable for growing peppers. However, it is still worth growing the most suitable types of this vegetable in this region.

Orange Miracle

Orange miracle is an early ripening variety that has time to fully ripen three and a half months after planting pepper in open ground. The height of the bush can reach one meter. However, when grown in greenhouse conditions, it can grow up to one and a half meters. Young bushes are recommended to be immediately tied to reliable supports so that in the future the plant does not break due to the load from the fruits or strong winds.

In the process of cultivation, orange cube-shaped fruits appear on the bushes. They are quite large and weigh about 300 grams. The fruits have excellent taste, which is why they are often used in cooking for preparing all kinds of vegetable dishes.

Pinocchio

Pinocchio is a versatile pepper, as it can be grown in a polycarbonate greenhouse and on the street. The hybrid belongs to early peppers, as technical ripeness occurs within 75-90 days after transplanting seedlings.

The bush of the plant is quite rare, but high - 100-120 cm. During cultivation, it is recommended to pinch the bushes so that there are no extra shoots. If you refuse pinching, then the fruits will not be very large.

Ripe peppers are cone shaped and bright red. Their size is 15 x 5 cm, and their weight is 90-130 grams. After harvesting, Pinocchio fruits can be stored for several months. Because of this, they can be easily transported over long distances. Most often, Pinocchio is grown to create conservation for the winter.

Atlantic

Atlantic are great for greenhouses and well-lit areas. However, residents of the northern regions are not recommended to grow this variety, as it does not cope well with low temperatures.

This hybrid differs from the rest in its yield and tall bushes. The height of the grown plant reaches one and a half meters. When grown outdoors, this tall variety of peppers is recommended to be tied up so that the wind does not knock down the bushes.

This variety has very large fruits, which can reach a length of 20 cm and a diameter of 15 cm. The average weight is 100 grams, but in greenhouses peppers can weigh a little more. Atlantic can boast of its taste. The fruit has juicy and thick flesh, which has a very fresh flavor. Peppers are used in the preparation of blanks for the winter and fresh vegetable salads.

Swallow

Many vegetable growers grow exactly the Swallow on their plots. This variety has many advantages, which include ease of cultivation and high yield. Also, this pepper is valued for its excellent resistance to pests and diseases.

Unlike other varieties, Lastochka is mid-season, as it ripens only 120 days after planting. Pepper bushes are not very tall and grow only up to 60 cm, so it is not necessary to tie them up.However, some still prefer to tie them to supports for safety reasons.

Swallow fruits have a conical shape. Their length is about 10 cm, and their weight is 120 grams. At first they are painted in light green color, but after ripening, their skin becomes bright red. Most often they are used to create winter preservation and cooking dishes from vegetables.

Planting seeds

Before you start planting, you need to decide when to plant pepper for seedlings. Peppers should be planted in February or early March. However, if you plan to grow peppers in a greenhouse, then you can plant the seeds early.

Seed preparation

Before you start growing seedlings, you should start preparing the seed. First, calibration is carried out, which is necessary in order to select the highest quality seeds for planting.To do this, it is necessary to lay out all the seeds in a row on a flat surface so that too small seeds can be sifted out. After that, you need to get rid of empty seeds that will not germinate. For such a calibration, you will have to prepare a saline solution consisting of a liter of water and 40 grams of s alt. All selected seeds are placed in the prepared mixture and soaked in it for 5-7 minutes.

Over time, empty seeds will begin to float to the surface that do not need to be planted.

Having selected the highest quality planting material, you can begin to disinfect it. To do this, all the seeds will have to be soaked in a weak solution of manganese. The procedure should be carried out for half an hour, after which the seeds are removed from the container and washed with cool water.

You can also disinfect pepper with phytosporin. To prepare the solution, two drops of the drug must be mixed with a liter of water. In this mixture, the seeds should be soaked for 30-40 minutes.

Soil preparation

Before planting peppers, it is necessary to prepare the soil. In many ways, the growth rate of young seedlings depends on it. Some vegetable growers purchase ready-made soil mixture in stores, but still most prefer to make it on their own. For growing seedlings, it is recommended to use loose soils that absorb moisture better than others.

To create a soil mixture, it is necessary to mix the soil with peat, humus and sod ash. Also, if desired, you can add a small amount of sand. In some cases, for better germination of seedlings, mineral supplements are added to the ground. To do this, add 10 grams of potassium s alt, a few grams of ammonium nitrate and superphosphate to a kilogram of soil.

A fairly common problem is the rapid evaporation of moisture from the soil. To prevent water from evaporating so quickly, a hydrogel should be added to the soil, with which you can keep moisture in the ground.

Planting

For planting pepper seeds, it is recommended to use small boxes in which several bushes can be grown at once. First, each container must be filled with previously prepared soil mixture. In this case, do not fill them to the very top. It is recommended to leave a few centimeters on top.

When all the boxes are filled with soil, you can start creating holes. They should not be too deep so that the first shoots can appear faster. The depth of each hole should be about 1-2 cm, and the distance between them should be 4 cm. After all the seeds are planted, the holes should be sprinkled with earth and watered. Then they are covered with a film and transferred to a warm room.

Planting seedlings

It is necessary to transplant young seedlings into the soil at the end of spring, when the soil has time to warm up well. If it will be grown in a greenhouse, then it can be transplanted a few months earlier.

Choosing a site for pepper

The quality and quantity of the harvest depends on the location of the site where the pepper will be planted. It is recommended to grow vegetables in an area that is well lit and warmed by the sun. You also need to pay attention to the soil of the site. Peppers will not grow in sandy or clay soils.

Don't forget about crop rotation, as peppers can grow poorly after some plants. They are not recommended to be planted in areas where potatoes, onions, zucchini, tomatoes or legumes used to grow.

Soil preparation

Before you start planting, you need to analyze the soil to find out how much fertilizer to add to it. If the soil is not too poor, then it is not necessary to make a large amount of top dressing. An excess of nutrients can lead to the fact that many leaves and stems begin to appear on the bushes, which negatively affects the number and size of fruits.

It is necessary to add top dressing to the soil at the beginning of autumn. At the same time, it is recommended to feed the soil not only with mineral, but also with organic fertilizers. In autumn, the site should be fertilized with non-acidic peat and compost. For one square meter, 8-10 kg of fertilizer will be enough. Also in the fall, it is necessary to start digging the site. This procedure is recommended before fertilizing the soil.

In the spring, the site is fertilized with mineral components. A few weeks before planting, it is worth adding potassium, superphosphate and urea to the soil. You can also add some nitrogen if there is too little in the soil.

Landing

It is recommended to plant seedlings in the soil on cloudy days or in the evening. First you need to mark all the beds on the site and make holes. When planting undersized varieties, the distance between each hole should be about 30 cm.For tall bushes, the distance increases to 60 cm. The depth of the hole should correspond to the size of the seedling roots and should not be too large. It will be enough to make a hole 8-12 cm deep.

Before planting the seedlings in the ground, the area should be shed with water and sprayed with a solution from pests. It is not recommended to plant the pepper too deep so as not to cover the neck of the root with earth. If it is covered, then in the future the plant may become infected with a black leg. When all the peppers are placed in the ground, they will need to be sprinkled with earth and covered with foil.

Conclusion

Planting seedlings in the suburbs is not so difficult. To do this, just look at the best varieties of sweet pepper for the Moscow region and the reviews of gardeners who have been growing pepper for more than a year.