Moscow apple tree later: variety description and selection history, cultivation and care

Apple cultivar Moskovskoe later became widespread in temperate latitudes. This fruit crop has won the recognition of gardeners for its vitality, undemanding to growing conditions and care. In addition, the fruits have a long shelf life. And most importantly - the plant is resistant to fungal infections. To grow a quality crop, you should study its strengths and weaknesses in more detail.

Description and features of the variety and fruits

Moskovskoye apple tree later stands out for its tall stature. In the first years after planting, the young tree has a broad pyramidal crown shape, which, as the plant grows older, takes the form of a wide oval.The central conductor and the main skeletal branches are green-gray. In the main, the lateral processes grow in a vertically inclined position.

Sizes of sheet plates are characterized as average. Their shape is elliptical, the ends are pointed, villi are formed on the petioles. Smooth lateral processes have a rounded shape and strong pubescence. Their color is brownish-brown.

Moskovskoye apple tree is popular later due to its large harvest. Their weight is 160 g, under favorable conditions, fruits weighing up to 230 g are found. The surface of the apples is even, there are no flaws, the shape is round.

This variety has the same moment of removable and consumer maturity. This feature of the fruit allows you to use them immediately after harvest, without waiting for full ripening.

There is a slight blush on the illuminated side of the fruit. According to the description of the variety, if the crop is stored for a long time, then its color changes to golden.

History of selection

The Moskovskoe apple variety was later obtained through the process of hybridization, where the Soviet breeder of fruit crops S. I. Isaev on the basis of Moscow State University. M. V. Lomonosov used two hardy varieties - Northern synapse and Brown new. The work was done in 1961. In official documents, the variety appeared only in 2001.

Characteristics of the variety

Apple tree Moscow later has its own characteristics. Let's take a closer look at them.

Sizes

. Each year, the tree gives an increase of 10-15 cm, which is relatively small.

Yields

When grown in home gardens by amateur gardeners, a fruit crop can produce up to 150 kg per tree. On large farms, productivity indicators reach 100 q/ha.

Winter hardiness

The plant is ideal for the regions of the middle lane. Its degree of resistance to sub-zero temperatures is above average. But in the first years after being assigned to a permanent place, it is better to protect young seedlings from frost. For these purposes, breathable material will be required.

Disease resistance

Moskovskoye apple tree later stands out with a high degree of resistance to fungal infections. Often it is the scab that destroys the future crop. But to other diseases typical of apple trees, resistance is average, which requires regular preventive measures.Powdery mildew poses a serious threat to fruit trees.

Taste

The harvest of the Moskovskoe variety later has juicy pulp, moderately sweet taste and slight sourness. After their use, a mild spicy aftertaste is felt. The structure of the dense pulp is fine-grained, white in color. The tasting score is 4.3 points.

Vitamin content

Indicators of ascorbic acid inherent in this variety are 8.8 mg per 10 g of product. One apple contains 25% of the daily requirement of vitamin C. Phenolic compounds, which have tanning qualities, are 55 mg per 100 g of fruit. The content of pectin substances as a percentage is 8.7% per share of dry weight, and P-active substances are 0.15 mg per 100 g.

Apples of the Moskovskoye variety later contain 8.5-11.3% sugars, it all depends on the specific growing area. Acidity 0.94%.

Views

There are several varieties of Moscow later apple trees, all of them have a sufficient level of winter hardiness and endurance to adverse environmental factors.

Winter

The Moscow winter apple tree has proven itself exclusively on the positive side, it has a high level of endurance to sub-zero temperatures. The plant is vigorous, its height is 9-10 m, every year the central conductor and lateral vegetative organs grow by 10 cm. Fruit picking is carried out in the last days of September, in early October.

The size of the apples is large, their weight is 250 g. Dark red in color, there are yellow subcutaneous blotches.

Apples attract consumers with their pronounced aroma and sweet and sour taste. Under comfortable growing conditions and effective care, up to 160 kg of a tasty crop is harvested from one tree. Shelf life is long, until June.

Columnar

The height of the tree of the Moscow Necklace variety does not exceed 2 m. The weight of the fruits is within 150-250 g, their color is red, the taste is dessert. Neat and compact trees are often used on an industrial scale. The apple tree stands out for its precocity and high productivity.

Among the advantages of the variety, high taste characteristics of apples are also noted, they are not afraid of transportation over long distances, which is ideal when used for commercial purposes. The plant is hardy and highly resistant to scab.

A fruit crop can produce equally well both when grown in the southern regions and when cultivated in the northern. The plant quite normally tolerates low temperatures up to 42 degrees. Given the fact that over time, its yield indicators begin to decrease significantly, after 15 years it is recommended to replace it with a new tree.

On a dwarf rootstock

The tree has all the varietal characteristics of the Moscow late, its height is not more than 3 m.

Terms of flowering and fruit ripening

The flowering phase of the Moscow apple tree is later observed in the second half of May and lasts 1-1.5 weeks. The main factor affecting the timing of flowering is the weather conditions in a particular region. The fruits ripen in the last days of September. In order for the fruits to remain intact, you need to remove them in dry weather, leaving the stalk and carefully folding them into a suitable container.

Growth region

Apple cultivar Moskovskoe later, due to sufficient winter hardiness and high immunity to major diseases, is cultivated in the Moscow region, Leningrad, most of Russia, as well as in the northern and mountainous regions of Scandinavia.

Apple variety Moskovskoe later in gardening circles has mostly positive reviews. It is especially valued for its high productivity with minimal maintenance. The main thing is to choose he althy seedlings, without any damage and signs of disease on the roots, and adhere to proper agricultural practices. Only an integrated approach will allow you to harvest a useful and plentiful harvest.

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