Daisies perennial: planting and care in the open field, description of varieties and cultivation

Among the variety of flower crops, garden daisies occupy a leading position. These flowers deserve special attention - they decorate any flower beds, bloom for a long time, do not impose high demands. For planting perennial daisies, as a rule, the most visible places are chosen; caring for such flower beds does not require much effort.

Description and features

Daisies belong to the Asteraceae family. By selection, about 80 varieties of the flower have been bred. This culture began its existence in the fields of Europe, was gradually domesticated and firmly took its place among the most popular garden flowers.

Description:

• roots: short, spatulate;
• leaves: bright, close-fitting;
• inflorescences: different types, with a slight elevation of the flower above the leaf rosette;
• flowers: petals can be from 1 to 5 or more rows.

Growing

To breed a daisy, use one of the available methods. On the territory of the southern regions, seeds are sown in open ground, in a temperate or temperate continental climate, prepared seedlings are planted.

Seedling method

Many flower growers plant prepared seedlings on open ground. This speeds up flowering.

Timing

The optimal time for sowing is the end of February-beginning of March. The time from sowing to planting in a permanent place of growth will be enough to get strong seedlings with the required number of true leaves.

How to plant

Daisy seeds are preferred to be sown in separate containers. This method eliminates damage to the root system during picking and increases the ability of seedlings.

Soil Requirements

In order for the seeds to sprout and the seedlings to begin to grow, they prepare the soil, which takes into account the characteristics of the culture:

• the soil should be light and loose, allowing air and moisture to pass through freely;
• contain nutrients: potassium, phosphorus, magnesium;
• be sanitized in advance.

Temperature conditions

Until the sprouts appear, the planting is left at a temperature of +20 to +25 degrees. After the emergence of seedlings, containers with seedlings are removed where the air temperature is kept at the border from +16 to +20 degrees.

Lighting

In order for seedlings to appear faster, they need at least 12 hours of daylight. Lack of lighting can cause leaves to wilt.

Landing in open ground

When sowing seeds, take into account that seedlings should be planted in a permanent place of growth at the beginning of summer. In the wells prepared in advance, one seedling is transplanted by the transshipment method. It helps keep the root system intact.

Advice! Leave a distance of 20 centimeters between seedlings.

Seedless sowing method

This method is suitable for regions where spring begins earlier, and does not surprise in the form of return frosts. Seeds are prepared in advance: they are checked for germination, soaked or calcined.

Timing

Seeds begin to be planted in open ground areas, provided that the soil is warmed up to +15 degrees. Despite the adaptive qualities of daisies, planting material can freeze in too cold ground.

Choice of location and soil

Daisies are planted in areas where they can get enough sun. But the scorching sun's rays can harm them, so the choice can be stopped in shaded areas.

The soil for daisies should be fertilized in the fall and have an approximate acidity level of about 6 ph. The best option would be if the groundwater on the site runs as low as possible.

Warning! For daisies, places where moisture stagnates are not suitable. Wet soil can harm the root system.

Plant pattern

Daisy is sown in rows. The scheme is completely dependent on the characteristics of the site. The holes are deepened by no more than 2.5 centimeters, between the bushes they leave from 20 to 25 centimeters.

Picking

When planting, many gardeners plant 2-3 seeds into the holes, so seedlings may be too frequent. If there are 2 or 3 strong processes, they are dug up and seated according to the accepted pattern.

Thinning

Another problem at this stage may be planting daisies too often. So that they do not interfere with each other's growth, they choose the strongest process, and remove the weak and unviable.

How to care

Crop care includes a familiar set of agricultural practices. Daisies are called unpretentious flowers, so they do not require special attention.

Irrigation

The fragile root system of the flower does not tolerate waterlogging. Staying in damp earth leads to the shrinking of inflorescences and contributes to the development of fungal diseases. Garden daisy is watered as the topsoil dries.

Weeding and loosening

These are must-have techniques for looking after the view. After watering, the ground around the bushes is weeded and loosened to provide additional air access.

Mulching

To eliminate the possibility of developing fungal diseases, to prevent the formation of weeds and the invasion of pests, many gardeners mulch the ground around the flower for the whole summer. To do this, use freshly cut grass, sawdust or needles.

Feeding

During flowering, daisies are fed with potassium-phosphorus mixtures for flower crops. After planting or transplanting to open ground, daisies do not feed for 2-3 weeks, so as not to disrupt the natural adaptation process.

Pruning inflorescences

Daisies can bloom profusely all summer long. To make this process more active, the faded parts are cut off. At the same time, gardeners recommend not to wait for the complete death of the inflorescence, but to pinch it off at an early stage of flowering.

Transfer

In autumn, the plant is transplanted for the 2nd year of existence. The transplant scheme remains the same.

Reproduction

To breed daisies, choose one of the ways. When growing bushes of daisies, breeding by dividing is suitable.

Generative

This is the main way to plant seeds. It is usually used in cases where there are no adult daisies on the plots. Seedlings are grown in the seed way for the main plantings.

Vegetative

These methods are used to breed flowers already growing on the site. Cuttings are more suitable for breeding a plant, part of which is sick or dying due to pests.

Cutting

The stalk is plucked from an adult plant in the fall, then rooted at home throughout the winter and spring. Rooted cuttings are planted and grown like seedlings. In spring, the daisy is transferred to open ground.

Dividing the bush

In spring or autumn, a strong mother plant is chosen, dug out of the ground, divided into 2 parts with a sharp garden knife. Then the roots are treated with a growth stimulator and both parts are planted as independent bushes.

Diseases and pests

Daisy is prone to diseases due to the fragility of the root system. She also cannot resist pest infestations without additional help.

Powdery mildew

The fungus infects the roots if the plant is overwatered. Powdery mildew can develop due to prolonged rains. To cure a flower, it is sprayed with a solution of manganese.

Tick

The parasite spreads to daisies from neighboring crops. It eats stems and leaves, weakens the plant. To remove the tick, the bushes are sprayed with a soapy or tobacco solution.

Mice

Rodents often harm daisies. They appear in the fall and can destroy the root system. In areas where rodents often appear, traps are set up or chemicals are laid out to get rid of them.

Bronze leaves

The virus is spread by insects. Leaf plates are covered with spots. Diseased daisies are sprayed with fungicides.

Brown spotting

Spots cover the entire plant. The disease develops due to waterlogging of the soil. At an early stage of the disease, the flower is dug up, dried and transplanted.

Grey Rot

Gray coating appears due to dampness. After stopping watering, the bushes are treated with fungicides.

Rust

Soil fungus infects the roots, then rusty spots appear on the leaves. If the treatment does not help, then the affected part of the plantings is dug up and destroyed. The contaminated soil is being disinfected.

After flowering

When the daisies have finished blooming, seed harvesting begins. The next step is preparing for winter.

Collection and storage of seeds

Seeds ripen unevenly in daisies. The collection is extended over a long period. Faded inflorescences are shaken, the resulting seeds are dried and stored in the dark and dryness.

Preparing for winter

Daisies are able to overwinter in areas of soil. In order for the bushes not to freeze, the preparation is divided into several stages:

• mulch the soil layer with humus;
• cover the bushes with spruce branches, sawdust or agrofibre.

To prepare daisies for winter, they are pruned, leaving 2-3 centimeters above the ground.

Views

Among the variety of varieties, the main types are distinguished. Annual daisies are planted for 1 season, perennials endure wintering and bloom profusely for several years in a row.

Annuals

Varieties of annual daisies are used to decorate balconies and terraces. In flowerbeds, they are able to bloom until the first frost.

Perennial

Blossoming of perennials lasts throughout the summer, can persist until the onset of cold weather. Seeds of perennial flowers ripen in late summer and early autumn.

Simple inflorescences

These varieties bloom the longest. Flowers are collected in simple inflorescences. The shade of the petals depends on the variety.

Semi-double

These are varieties that have a special structure. The central yellow disc is surrounded by 4 or more rows of petals of different shades.

Terry

This is the most attractive variety of daisies. There are so many petals on the flower that the central circle behind them is not visible. In their shape, they resemble a terry ball, which explains their name.

Popular varieties

Among the variety of hybrid varieties, gardeners distinguish several dozen. Varieties are loved and recognizable by collectors.

Robella

The flower grows up to 15 centimeters. The tubular inflorescences form rows of creamy pink petals.

Rob Roy

The height of the bush reaches 10 centimeters. The petals are bright red.

Bella Daisy

Red or pink flowers of the variety reach 2.5 centimeters in diameter. The petals lighten towards the tips.

Pomponette

A small bush is crowned with a flower that looks like a pompom. The color of the petals may vary.

Tasso

Tubular-type inflorescences form pom-pom flowers in bright colors. The bush grows up to 10 centimeters.

Speedstar

Classic type flower with yellow center. Petals broad, lanceolate.

Rominette

Terry variety with small flowers. Usually purple or purple red.

Aucubaefolia

Flowers of this variety are collected in reed inflorescences. The bush grows up to 15 centimeters.

Shrewley Gold

White petals have pink-tinted tips. The stems of this variety are thin and fragile.

Prolifera

Terry variety of lilac or burgundy shade. Flowering begins in early spring, ends in late autumn.

Schneebel

The flowers of this variety are snow-white. Up to 20 inflorescences can form on a bush.

Rose Gigantea

Variety with large flowers. The shade of the petals is from red to burgundy.

Beethoven

Semi-double variety. The height of the bush is 15-20 centimeters.

Dresden China

Early daisies. Flowers reach 3 centimeters in diameter.

The Pearl

Small semi-double type flower. The color of the petals is pearl white.

Landscape use

Landscape designers love to use the daisy to create layered compositions. With their diverse shades, daisies enliven any area.

How to grow at home

Daisy can be grown as a houseplant. Flowering coincides with the flowering period of perennial species. In the second year of existence, the flowers begin to shrink. At home, daisies are bred by seed, as well as cuttings.

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