Apricot Favorit: description and characteristics of the variety, features of cultivation and care

Apricot fruits are a storehouse of vitamins, not so long ago only the population of the southern regions could consume them, now new varieties are cultivated in many regions with a changeable cool climate. The most suitable variety for Central Russia and quite young was an apricot called Favorit, which has quality characteristics and high nutritional value.

The history of the origin of the variety

The right to own the bred variety Favorit belongs to the Main Botanical Garden, specialist L.A. Kramarenko selected the best seedlings from free pollination of apricot flowers in the 3rd-4th generation.The variety was bred 18 years ago, after 4 years, in 2004 it received a registration number and was included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements.

Description

Full description of the Favorit apricot was made in 2004 by the originator of the bred variety. It is recommended for industrial cultivation and planting in individual gardens. Its fruits are consumed fresh, prepared from them fruit drinks, jam, jam, juice, compote, put in confectionery and make dried apricots. The winter hardiness of the variety is average, the roots can withstand up to -25 ° C.

The Favorit variety blooms in the second half of May, the fruits ripen by the end of August, in the month of September.

Fruiting occurs in the 3-5th year, a possible period of up to 40 years. Apricot is self-fertile, but it is better to plant other pollinating varieties Tsarsky, Monastyrsky, Lel nearby. Favorite fruits can be stored in special refrigerators or in rooms with a temperature of +8 °C, well ventilated, up to 1 month.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

Benefits of Favorit variety:

• good transportability;
• long shelf life of fruits;
• beautiful presentation;
• self-fertile, bisexual flowers;
• precocity for 3-5 years;
• buds are resistant to short-term frosts.

Lack of apricot:

• late ripening, under adverse weather conditions does not have time to ripen;
• average yield 13 q/ha;
• tree needs formative pruning;
• the taste of fruits directly depends on weather conditions.

Characteristic of the tree and fruits

Apricot tree Favorit variety is medium-sized from 2.5 to 4 m, growth strength is moderate. Branched annual shoots. All branches bear fruit, regardless of age.

Fruits weighing from 30 to 40 g, large, the skin is dense, soft, pubescent with a shine, orange color with a blush on the sides. The pulp is sweet, juicy, orange. The tasting evaluation of taste qualities is high 4.5-5 points. The stone is round, flattened, with a clear rib, medium in size, up to 8% of the fruit, well separated, the kernel is sweet with bitterness.

Boarding rules

To get a good harvest and preserve the tree for many years, you need to follow the basic rules when planting and caring for the Favorit apricot.

Date and place of landing

Planted in central Russia in spring in April and autumn in September. During planting in spring and autumn there should be no short-term frosts. The landing site should be on the south or southeast side of the site, without drafts, the site is well lit.

Landing is carried out 2-3 m from buildings and a fence, other fruit trees.

Seedling selection

The purchased seedling should be planted within 1-2 days, especially if the root system is open. The seedling must be he althy, without damage, rot, with flexible branched branches and roots, 1-2 years old. It is better to buy in special nurseries with a closed root system.

Preparing the site for planting

The site is prepared for planting in 1-2 weeks, they dig a hole 70 cm deep and 80 wide, lay a drainage layer of broken brick, expanded clay or small stones on the bottom, pour a layer of sand on top. The excavated soil is mixed with peat, sand, lime, organic fertilizers, sawdust and wood ash, thereby enriching the soil.

Boarding process

1/3 of the mixed soil is poured into the prepared pit in the form of a mound, on which the seedling is placed and the roots are straightened, a strong support must be dug near it so as not to damage the roots.Sprinkle the second part of the soil mixture on top. A root circle is made from the third part. The root collar should protrude 3-5 cm above ground level.

Features of care

Like any other variety, Favorit apricot requires minimal care in accordance with its characteristics.

Cutting

Pruning for Favorit is very important, as the crown of the tree is spreading, young branches branch strongly, so they need to be thinned out so that the middle is well ventilated. Sanitary pruning is carried out in spring, autumn, sometimes in summer, in case of diseases or mechanical damage to the branches. Forming is best done in early spring before the start of sap flow.

Irrigation

The norm for a tree 5 years old is 15 liters 1 time in 10 days, watering during flowering and berry formation is especially important. Stop watering 2 weeks before fruit ripening and frost.

Feeding

Fertilize the apricot 2-3 times per season, in the spring you need top dressing with urea or preparations containing potassium, nitrogen, calcium. Complex fertilizers are applied in summer and autumn.

Preparing for winter

Favorite variety has an average resistance to frost, so it is necessary to spud the tree, cover the trunk circle with straw or spruce branches.

Pests and control measures

Most often a tree can be damaged by aphids, weevil, beetles, so in spring and autumn it is necessary to carry out preventive spraying from pests: Fufanon, Phosphamide, Inta-Vir, Actellik. In autumn, fallen leaves around the tree are removed, the soil is treated with an insecticide. In the spring, you need to dig up the soil around, fertilize and spray to prevent blooming leaves.

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