Cherry Yaroslavna: variety description and pollinators, cultivation and care with photo

Yaroslavna cherry variety is famous for its excellent taste, unpretentiousness in care. The variety ripens early, the tree withstands persistently low temperatures, resists diseases. This is one of the most popular types of Ukrainian sweet cherry selection, which is appreciated even by inexperienced gardeners. You should first familiarize yourself with all the nuances of the tree.

How the variety was bred

Yaroslavna cherry variety was bred in the 1970s of the last century by breeder L. Taranenko. The species was obtained from seedlings of Drogana yellow in the Donetsk branch of the University of Horticulture UAAS.A variety of cherry trees immediately became popular in their homeland, and later gained recognition in the countries of the former USSR.

General description of the tree

The tree grows of medium height, with a round bush of medium density. The branches are sprawling, arched, thick, brown. The leaf plate is medium, shaped like an egg, dark green in color. White corolla, 3 cm in diameter. The tree grows up to 3.5 meters high. When blooming, the garden is decorated with snow-white-pink flowers, creating a romantic atmosphere.

Pros and cons of cherries

The Yaroslavna cherry variety suggests a number of positive and negative features. Acquaintance with them will help to assess the situation, to make a choice. The negative aspects can be easily leveled if the tree is properly cared for.

Resistant to frost, dry periodsTree has low resistance to fungal infections Fruits are easy to transport Each a year a tree gives a lot of harvest

Pollinators needed

Berries

The cherry is large, slightly tapering towards the top, dark red. The bone is small in size, easily separated. The weight of one sweet cherry is 7-8 grams. The pulp is juicy, dark scarlet, sweet. Dry elements in it are 13%, sugar is almost 10%, vitamin C is 9 mg /%, there is also iron, vitamin P, copper, carotene. Fruits received a tasting score of 4.9 points, they tolerate transportation well. They are consumed fresh or prepared for the winter. Preserves, jams, compotes are widely prepared, cherries are added to muffins or garnished with fruits.

The period of tree flowering and cherry ripening

Early ripe cherry variety begins to bloom in late May, the berries ripen by the end of June or early July. The tree bears fruit 4-5 years after planting, up to 20-30 kg of sweet cherry can be harvested from one copy. The peak yield is observed after 10 years of the life of the crop.With good care, a maximum of 100 kg can be harvested from a tree. The variety is perfect for cultivation for personal consumption or sale. It is widely grown on industrial sites.

Drought Tolerant

The cherry tree normally tolerates dry periods, but if they are not long-term. The culture loves moisture, in the absence of the proper amount of watering, the number of fruits decreases, the plant loses its ability to resist diseases and attacks by harmful beetles.

Frost resistance

The sweet cherry variety can withstand up to 36 degrees below zero, but not for long. If there are long frosts in the region, the plant should be covered with oxygen-permeable materials. Otherwise, freezing of the crown, stem, deterioration of the tree is not ruled out.

Tree disease resistance

Cherry Yaroslavna has strong immunity, but subject to diligent care. The plant is resistant to coccomycosis, and fungal infections sometimes attack the culture.

Basic soil requirements

The sweet cherry variety prefers to grow in fertile, slightly moist soil. The plant does not tolerate the close occurrence of groundwater, increased soil acidity. If the acid level is less than 7.0, liming is required. It will take 7-10 kg per planting hole. Buy lime in advance.

Features of planting a tree

Cherries are planted in the southern regions since autumn. In warm areas, the seedling has time to develop a root system before the arrival of cold weather. If we are talking about the middle or northern strip, it is better to plant a crop in the spring, in early March, before the sap flow. Then the cherry will be protected from frost, the rhizome will have time to form before the next season. It is important that the air temperature is stable from 10 degrees Celsius, there are no night frosts.

It is advisable to plant sweet cherry planting material 3-4 weeks before or after frost. The place should be lit, without drafts. The distance between the trees should be 3.5-4 meters, as the variety has a wide, dense bush that creates a shadow.

Seedling selection

It is better to buy cherries in the fall, then there is more choice of planting material. Make a purchase in nurseries or from professional breeders. Buying a seedling on the market from unverified sellers is fraught with getting a wild tree, or the wrong variety. The seedling must be one year old, consist of 5-6 branches, one conductor.

Pre-examine the seedlings for integrity, lack of damage, he althy rhizome. It should not have damaged areas, withered areas. There should be a grafting site on the plant. When transporting, wrap the cherries with a wet cloth, wrap the top with cling film.

Site preparation

3 weeks before planting, a plot should be prepared. It is necessary to introduce mineral fertilizers into the soil, mix them with the ground. Weed the soil, it should be saturated with oxygen.

Preparing the pit

2 weeks before the planned planting, they dig a hole 0.6-0.7 meters deep. 3-5 buckets of water are poured into it, fertilizers are added like manure or compost. In 14 days, the soil will settle down, the plant will take root better.

Planting a tree

In order for seedlings to grow and develop quickly, you should adhere to the following planting rules.

1. In a previously dug hole, separate the top layer of soil from the bottom.
2. Drive a stick 1.5 meters high into the center.
3. Combine the top layer of soil with a combination of fertilizers - 7-8 kg of compost, 180-200 g of superphosphate, 60-80 g of potassium sulfate, 450-500 g of wood ash. Form a mound around the installed support.
4. Dip the rhizome of a young tree in a clay mash, straighten it, place it in a recess on the formed mound next to the stick.
5. Sprinkle the root system with soil, tamp tightly layer by layer so that there are no gaps.
6. Tie the seedling with twine to the peg with a figure eight.
7. The distance from the surface of the earth to the rhizome after planting should be 4-5 centimeters.
8. Form a hole along the trunk circle with a diameter of 50-60 cm.
9. Pour the tree with 2-3 buckets of water, mulch with sawdust in a layer of 5-7 cm.

The root neck of the plant should be flush with the ground.

Tree pollinators

In order to successfully form cherry ovaries, planting next to pollinators is required. These trees include:

• Donetsk beauty;
• Donchanka;
• Valery Chkalov;
• Annushka;
• Drogana yellow;
• Aelita;
• Ethics;
• Melitopol early.

It is undesirable for cherry varieties to be next to cherries Early pink, Sister. Pollinator trees should be located in the garden no more than 50 m from Yaroslavna, if possible, from different sides of it. It is better that these are plants of the same age, or older, but not young.

Secrets of tree care

Caring for a tree is simple, it is only important to prune on time, fertilize the ground, fight diseases or pests if necessary. Proper care of cherries will give a chic, plentiful harvest, the fruits will be juicy, presentable in appearance.

Water the tree

Cherries should be watered abundantly during the ovaries of berries and when they ripen. Irrigation is carried out 3-4 times during the growing season.In the fall, moisture-charging watering is carried out before shelter for the winter. The calculation of water for one tree is 1-2 buckets. Previously, loosen the soil in the trunk circle, mulch. The water should be warm.

Cutting pattern

It is desirable to form cherries with 3 or 4 bushes. To prevent gum disease, circumcise only in rainless weather, in June. The stem is formed at least 60 cm. The branches are cut by 1/3 or half, remove the outer buds from the side shoots, shorten by one length.

The main shoot, guide, leave 20-30 cm longer. Subsequently, it will be necessary to shorten the branches every year, this will restrain the growth of sweet cherries, stimulate productivity. If pruned in mid or late summer, the tree may dry out, become sick or die.

Work should be carried out with a disinfected pruner so that pathogenic agents do not enter the plant. In March, it is better not to cut frozen branches, but to do it in May, when dry weather sets in. Treat slices on a tree with garden pitch.

Preparing the tree for winter

For the first time, experienced gardeners recommend covering or tying young trees. If there are cracks on the stem, treat them with garden pitch.

Before shelter, prepare cherries:

• remove all damaged, dry branches;
• the trunk circle is cleared of weeds, fallen berries;
• the earth is dug up, watered, mulched with sawdust or peat;
• the trunk is wrapped with nylon or burlap.

Cherry can still be protected from frost with whitewash, which is done in early spring as high as possible, about 1.5-2 meters. Trunks and skeletal branches need to be affected.

Fight against diseases and harmful bugs

Cherry Yaroslavna rarely suffers from diseases, pests, bird attacks, but if this happens, take sanitary measures. They are in the following aspects:

• to protect crops from birds, to pull fishing nets over bushes or to arrange scarecrows;
• if the tree is sick, treat it with Bordeaux liquid 1%, Hom, Horus, Topsin, Nitrofen;
• Pests get rid of using insecticides CALL.

As a preventive measure, eliminate water stagnation, cut the tree in time, fertilize the soil.

Treatment of bacterial cancer in a tree

Bacterial canker of sweet cherry attacks trees from 3 to 8 years old. The disease suggests a bacterial etiology. Pathology is preceded by a wet, cold spring with frequent showers and winds. It manifests itself in this way:

• branches are covered with ulcers from which gum flows;
• brown spots with a yellow border appear on the leaves and berries;
• fruit stalks covered with small brown ulcers;
• wood dies, foliage dies.

Normally cherries don't survive. Bacteriosis can be asymptomatic if the summer is warm and without precipitation. There are no methods of therapy for this disease. Some gardeners advise resorting to pruning of diseased branches, cutting out affected areas in the bark, treatment with copper sulfate.

Such treatment techniques rarely give positive dynamics. If the disease is at the initial stage, perhaps the therapeutic regimen will be relevant. When cancer is advanced, cherries cannot be cured. The pathological process develops in trees that are regularly fertilized with nitrogen and moderately watered.

Reviews about the cherry variety

Feedback about Yaroslavna cherry is mostly positive. They will help to evaluate the variety realistically.

Kristina Ostapets, 35, Kyiv.

Hello! In 2013, Yaroslavna planted cherries on the plot. In care, the plant is unpretentious, which is in the hands of summer residents. I had 3 such trees on my site, from which I collected 15 kg of fruits. Cherry is always sweet, juicy, without sourness. I recommend this variety to everyone.

Pavel Lavrentyev, 58 years old, Kazan.

Greetings! I have been gardening for 10 years. Cherry Yaroslavna has been growing in my garden since 2010. The tree ripens early, by mid-June. Cherry is always juicy, I treat my colleagues to work with it, I cook excellent compotes. The plant never got sick, however, it was attacked by weevils. Destroyed them in 2 approaches, using chemicals. Completely satisfied with the culture, I advise everyone!

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