Tyutchevka cherry: variety description and characteristics, planting and care, reviews with photos

It is believed that sweet cherry is a southern plant, which cannot be grown in the temperate climate of the middle zone. But this is an erroneous opinion of most gardeners. There are hybrid varieties of sweet cherries bred by breeders specifically for growing in any region. It is to these varieties that the winter-hardy Tyutchevka cherry belongs.

History of origin and region of growth

Tyutchevka appeared in the State Register in the early 2000s. The basis of the new plant variety was the sweet cherry "3-36", crossed with the variety "Red dense". Work on the creation of the species was carried out at the Research Institute of Bryansk.

The result is fruit crops that are resistant to the harsh winter climate. Now the delicious Tyutchevka berry is grown both in the southern regions of the country and in the Urals. But the name of the new variety of cherries was due to the love of the main breeder for the poetry of the great poet Tyutchev.

Pros and cons: is it worth planting?

Like every plant, this type of sweet cherry has its own advantages and disadvantages, based on which gardeners decide whether to plant a tree in their gardens or not.

Dignity of Tyutchevka cherries:

Frost resistant. Even at low Ural temperatures, the plant quickly recovers in the spring season.
Large, juicy and sweet fruits.
With a thin skin, the fruits have a long shelf life, which allows the delicacy to be delivered to remote places.

The main disadvantages of the variety are:

Intolerance to excess moisture. Long rains negatively affect the harvest. The fruits crack and rot, which leads to large losses of tasty and he althy treats.
The variety has poor self-pollination capabilities, an additional pollinator is required.

Important! Consider when planting seedlings! An excess of soil and groundwater will destroy the plant.

Variety description

Tyutchevka sweet cherry has high taste and yield, which makes this type of fruit crop attractive for growing in orchards and orchards.

Height and size of the tree crown.

Fruit trees of the Tyutchevka variety rarely grow above 3.5-4.5m. The crown is spherical, spreading, with thick branches that have a brown color. The large green leaves are smooth, with pointed tips and serrated edges.

All about flowering, pollination and fruiting

Each cherry inflorescence has 4 flowers with touching petals, from which fruits subsequently appear. Cherry Tyutchevka is considered a late variety, therefore, the flowering period of the plant falls at the end of spring, the beginning of summer. Ripe cherries are harvested in August, sometimes, under favorable weather conditions, the harvest ripens by the end of July.

The variety has weak possibilities of self-pollination, no more than 6% of ovaries. Therefore, planted single plants will not be able to bear fruit. It is recommended to plant several cherry seedlings at once. Any variety of this fruitful crop with suitable flowering periods will become a pollinator. The difference at the beginning of the period of active flowering of the plant should not exceed 3-4 days.

If similar trees are grown in neighboring areas, they can also become pollinators for your cherries. Ripe fruits are large, some weight reaches 7.5-8g.

Yield and application

With proper pollination, Tyutchevka begins to bear fruit in the 5th year of its growth. This cherry variety is rightfully famous for its large, juicy and sweet-tasting fruits. On average, up to 20 kg of crop is harvested from one tree. With proper care and favorable weather conditions, the figure rises to 40kg per fruit tree.

Ripe dark red cherries are eaten fresh. The fruits contain vitamins, minerals and amino acids that are necessary for the he alth and proper functioning of the body.

Cherry canned, jams, confitures and jams are made, juices, nectars, desserts are made. For longer storage, sweet cherries are frozen. In dairy products, sweet cherries are found in the manufacture of yoghurts and tender curds.

Transportability

Properly and timely harvested crop easily tolerates transportation even over long distances. Although the skin of the fruit is thin, but strong, it protects the dense pulp well.

Reproduction of Tyutchevka

There are several ways to propagate your favorite cherry variety:

Growing cherries from seeds. In this case, the fruit crop will lose almost all the properties of its variety.
Propagation by cuttings. Cuttings are cut off from an adult culture in the summer. But before the first cold weather, they may not have time to grow up and gain the strength necessary for wintering. Therefore, throughout the winter, young plants will have to be taken care of.
Reproduction by layering. With this procedure, strong and viable seedlings are obtained. Young seedlings take root well and begin active growth from the first days of planting.

Only at first glance it seems that the propagation of fruit crops is a complex and lengthy task. Once you start and try, everything will become simple and clear.

Characteristics of the variety

Tyutchevka sweet cherry was bred specifically for regions with a temperate and harsh climate, but in the southern parts of the country, this plant also does well.

Cold and drought resistant

Cherry easily tolerates harsh winters and even during the flowering process, small frosts are not a hindrance to it. After hibernation, the variety quickly enters its life cycle and gains strength. Tyutchevka sweet cherry is resistant to arid climate, but in severe and prolonged drought requires additional moisture.

Susceptibility to diseases and pests

This variety is immune to many diseases. But cherries can be protected from fungal infections only with the help of proper and timely care. Trees are also affected by pests that damage not only yields, but also pose a threat to the life of the plant.

Main enemies of the fruit crop:

Moth eats young buds and inflorescences.
Weevil causes irreparable damage to crops, destroys ovaries.
The cherry fly lays larvae on the plant, which destroy the foliage and ripened crops.
Aphids form their numerous colonies on the reverse side of the leaves.

At the slightest manifestation of disease or infection of the plant with pests, urgently take measures to process the tree and further treat it.

Planting cherries in the area

Many factors influence the development and productivity of Tyutchevka. But the most important of them is the correct and timely planting of seedlings.

Recommended timings

Planting seedlings depends on the climatic conditions of the region of residence.In the southern regions, the tree is planted in autumn. Before the onset of frost, the plant has time to take root and easily endure the winter cold. In areas with early frosts, trees are planted outdoors in spring. This procedure is done immediately after the snow melts, before the first buds swell on the trees.

Site selection and planting pit preparation

Cherry does not like the close proximity of other fruit crops. Therefore, a plot of a garden or vegetable garden is allocated for seedlings at a distance of at least 5 meters from other plants. Trees will grow and thrive best in a slightly elevated or flat area on the south side of the site with good sunlight.

An important point when planting seedlings is the condition of the soil. Trees love fertile, loose soil.

Planting seedlings begins with digging a hole:

Depth - 50-70 cm.
Diameter - 60-90 cm.

The dug hole is filled with earth mixed with humus and fertilizers. In this form, the pit should be for 1-1.5 months, and only then trees are planted in it.

Important! The place for planting seedlings is prepared and fertilized in advance. Soil containing high acidity is neutralized with lime.

How to choose a he althy and strong seedling

You need to choose and buy seedlings of a hybrid fruit plant in special nurseries or garden centers. First of all, inspect the appearance of the seedling. It should be without obvious damage, not have broken twigs, mold, traces of pests and decay. The age of a plant ready for independent growth in open ground is 1-3 years.

When examining a seedling, special attention should be paid to the root system. The roots should not have obvious damage and neatly cut, but not too short. The main determining factor in choosing the right variety are Tyutchevka cherry leaves. They have an oval shape with a pointed top, the stalk is short, almost imperceptible.

Technological process of disembarkation

Purchased seedlings are planted in pre-prepared holes. The root system of the plant is neatly distributed in the hole and sprinkled with earth. There should be no voids between the roots without soil. The earth around the plant is carefully compacted. After a successful planting, the tree is watered abundantly.

Crop care

Tyutchevka cherry variety is considered unpretentious. However, in order to get a large harvest of tasty and he althy fruits, you still have to make an effort.

Irrigation and fertilization of the tree

Cherry does not tolerate strong soil moisture. Watering is necessary for the plant based on the weather conditions of the region. In the central zone of the country, it is enough to irrigate the tree abundantly only 3 times a season. In hotter areas, the watering schedule should be more frequent. During prolonged rains, a piece of land under a tree is covered with a film or other waterproof materials.

If the seedlings were planted according to all the rules, then for 2-3 years additional feeding will not be required for the tree. Next, the sweet cherry is fed in the spring, 1 time in 2-3 years with natural and nitrogen fertilizers.

Aging & Shaping Pruning

Young trees are pruned annually. This procedure allows you to extend the life of the plant and get a high yield.

For this, several strong shoots are selected, which will serve as the base of the crown, the rest of the branches are cut off.Each year the tree grows by 1 tier. Pruning is done in the spring, while the cherry is in a dormant state. In mature trees, basal sprouts, weak or dry branches are pruned.

Caring for the trunk circle

Loosening, hilling and mulching of the trunk circle is especially necessary in arid regions. Also, the procedure is carried out before the winter months. Throughout the season, weeds and young shoots are removed around the trunk, which interferes with development and growth.

Preventive treatments

Prophylactic spraying is carried out every year in spring and autumn. It is best to carry out such procedures with natural preparations that you can prepare yourself. But if this is not possible, then special funds are purchased in stores.

Important! Chemical preparations are used with caution during fruit ripening.

Shelter for the winter

Preparatory work for wintering cherries include the following steps:

Plentiful watering of trees. Moist soil protects the root system from frost because it freezes much more slowly than dry soil.
Plants are insulated with burlap or special fiber.
During snowy winters, snowdrifts rake around the trees.
The bark is smeared with manure or lime, covered with mesh or roofing material, otherwise the forest life will damage the plants.

Following all the rules for growing and caring for Tyutchevka cherries, you will get a big and tasty harvest.

Reviews of gardeners about the variety

Svetlana. Moscow region.

Cherry is my favorite crop, but, unfortunately, early. This is where my favorite tree in the country, Tyutchevka, comes to the rescue. We enjoy its fruits all summer long, but we do not have time to harvest a bountiful harvest.

Rita. Saratov.

We bought two seedlings of Tyutchevka cherries for the dacha. Both immediately took root and are already producing a bountiful harvest. We eat fresh cherries, they are very tasty. I freeze a little for the winter, the family loves to eat ice cream with them.