Amber Cherry: variety description and characteristics, planting and care with a photo

Cherry Amber is one of the most popular yellow-fruited varieties. This large-sized tree stands out for its pronounced amber-yellow color and excellent taste characteristics. It is also chosen for a high degree of resistance to major ailments and pests, undemanding to growing conditions. To grow a fruitful planting, you need to familiarize yourself in detail with all the intricacies of the planting and care process.

History of selection and breeding of sweet cherry Amber

At the end of the last century, Ukrainian scientists created a yellow-fruited variety of sweet cherries, where Goshe black and Drogana yellow became the parent pair.Work on the development of a new culture was carried out on the basis of the Grishko Research Institute. But then in Russia, scientists decided to improve its quality. And already in 2001 Oryol amber was entered into the State Register.

Pros and cons

Among the positive qualities of Amber cherries they note:

• high level of frost resistance;
• monilial burn resistance;
• excellent consumer and commercial qualities;
• early ripeness of fruits;
• no tendency to crack;
• high productivity.

But, despite a whole list of advantages, Amber cherries also have their disadvantages, including:

• need for additional pollination;
• high probability of freezing fruit buds.

The Amber Cherry is especially famous among gardening enthusiasts, it is also appreciated for its decorative effect.

Variety description

In order for a fruit crop to bear fruit abundantly, you need to know the basic parameters and characteristics.

Mature tree height and crown branching

Cherry Amber belongs to the category of medium-sized plantations, its height does not exceed 3-4 meters. The crown is quite spreading, drooping, medium foliage. Sweet cherry form Amber broad pyramidal, the length of the main shoots is medium, there is no pubescence, the color is yellow. The color of the bark of the main conductor and side branches is gray, the surface is smooth.

The leaf apparatus of the Amber sweet cherry is distinguished by a light emerald hue, the plates are oval in shape. The petioles are short, their length is up to 5 centimeters. The formation of ovaries occurs mainly on the bouquet branches.White flowers are formed of medium size, the number of petals is five.

When reaching consumer maturity, the color of the fruit becomes amber, sometimes with a pink tint. Their shape is similar to a heart with a pointed upper part, the average weight is 5-6 grams. Amber cherry begins to bear fruit 4 years after planting in a permanent place. Not only the skin, but also the pulp is distinguished by an amber hue, it is sweet with a pronounced aroma, sourness is not felt.

The sugar content of Amber cherries is almost 10%, and the acidity is 0.5%.

All about pollination, flowering and yield

Since Amber sweet cherry belongs to self-infertile plants, it is recommended to plant pollinating varieties such as Vityaz, Ovstuzhenka, Severnaya, Iput near to increase productivity. The flowering phase of this variety falls on the second half of May, and fruit ripening - at the end of June-beginning of July.Under favorable growing conditions, the yield of Amber cherries, on average, is 35-37 kilograms per planting.

Transportability and use of berries

The fruits of the Amber cherry, with regular use, are a good prevention of various ailments, and also help to normalize digestion, improve blood composition. Their juice is clear, the flesh is tender and tasty. Harvest is actively used for the preparation of winter preparations, and culinary masterpieces. Cherry Amber is not suitable for transportation over long distances.

How to propagate a variety

Growers use one of the following methods to get a new plant:

1. Vaccination method. In this case, cuttings with two buds are used, which are harvested from autumn, and stock - shoots, seedlings. Copulation should be done 1-2 weeks before sap flow, making oblique cuts up to 5 centimeters both on the rootstock and on the cuttings.In addition, you need to make an additional cut (up to 1 centimeter). After joining the two components, the junction is wrapped with tape, adhesive tape.
2. Cuttings. The length of the Amber sweet cherry blanks should be 30 centimeters, their cut parts are kept in a growth stimulator solution for 12 hours, and then they are determined in greenhouse conditions, deepening by 3 centimeters. The distance between the cuttings should be 5 centimeters, the soil mixture is used from equal parts of peat and sand. Caring for them consists in regularly moistening the soil and maintaining the temperature regime within 25-30 degrees. The formation of roots in the Amber cherry will occur after 3 weeks.
3. Seed method. It is more time consuming, but quite possible.

Culture characteristics

Amber sweet cherries have their own varietal qualities, the knowledge of which allows you to successfully grow it and get abundant harvests.

Drought resistance and frost resistance

The variety has a high level of endurance to sub-zero temperatures and prolonged drought. Cherry Amber is not afraid of frosts up to 30 degrees. But it is better to additionally cover the Amber cherry for the winter period, the root system must be protected with snow. Irrigation activities should be carried out 1 time during the month, if the season turned out to be dry, then they are carried out with a frequency of 1 time per week.

Susceptibility to diseases and pests

Yantarnaya sweet cherry has an increased immunity to rust and coccomycosis, but is powerless against the infection of cylindrosporiosis - a fungal disease. The process of infection is carried out with the help of gusts of wind, the entire aerial part of the tree suffers from the disease. It is possible to detect the disease on the Amber cherry by the holes on the leaves, where the spots were at first.

Of the parasitic individuals, the cherry is especially attacked by the Amber cherry fly, against which surface treatments must be done. They also interfere with the growth and development of the tree, damaging the bark, weevils, small aphids, butterflies, sawflies.

How to plant Amber on the plot

In order for seedlings to take root faster and adapt to new conditions, you need to know how to properly plant and care for them.

Choosing a he althy and strong seedling

Planting material is recommended to be purchased in nurseries or at exhibitions. They should not contain signs of disease, traces of rot, various kinds of damage. It is better to plant a plant with one central stem and a he althy root system. Their age should be 1-2 years. Dried roots are kept in a container with water for three hours.

Recommended timing and landing pattern

When growing in regions with a warm climate, planting should be carried out in the fall, when the leaves have fallen from the trees. But for Central Russia, the best period is spring. For planting the Yantarnaya sweet cherry, glades are chosen that are well lit and protected from through winds, where the depth of groundwater should be from 1.5 to 2 meters.The distance between plantings should be 4-5 meters.

Pit preparation and landing technology

The landing site should be prepared in advance, 2-3 weeks in advance. The soil mixture for filling the pit consists of two buckets of excavated soil, 500 grams of wood ash and 180 grams of superphosphate. Alternatively, you can use a special complex fertilizer. The technology for planting a seedling of the Amber sweet cherry in a permanent place involves the following steps:

1. Digging a pit 90-100 centimeters deep and 80 centimeters wide.
2. Laying a drainage cushion made of expanded clay, broken brick, small gravel (layer thickness - 7-10 centimeters) to the bottom.
3. Filling the pit with nutrient composition (layer thickness - 10-15 centimeters).
4. Installing closer to the center of the pit a wooden peg for tying a seedling.
5. Placing a young plant and spreading its roots on different sides.
6. Sleeping and compacting the soil.
7. Plentiful watering and mulching.

Care for a young and mature tree

It is not difficult to take care of Amber cherries, basically, the whole range of activities includes: irrigation of plantings, loosening, weed removal, fertilizing mixtures, pruning.

Feeding and watering

In total, the tree is moistened three times during the entire summer season, only during a long drought these procedures are performed more often. Considering that a sufficient amount of nutrition was introduced into the soil during planting, it is worth starting to add nutrients only in the fourth year after planting the seedling. Only nitrogen-containing preparations will not interfere with Amber cherries even 2 years after being determined for a permanent place. Fertilizers with potassium and phosphorus are needed in July, and organic matter is used at the end of summer.

Caring for the trunk circle: weeding and loosening

Weeds not only take nutrients, they also absorb moisture, depriving crop plants of vital components. Therefore, it is recommended to periodically weed in the near-stem circle. Thanks to loosening, the possibility of oxygen starvation of the roots of the Amber sweet cherry is excluded.

Crown shaping and anti-aging pruning

In order to avoid thickening of the crown, pruning is carried out, the main thing is to be in time before the start of sap flow. In March, it is necessary to inspect the tree and remove all incapacitated branches, and treat the wound surface with garden pitch for speedy healing.

Insect and disease treatment

For preventive spraying, it is recommended to use a working solution based on urea (700 grams per 10 liters). The first procedure is done in early spring, and the second in autumn.

Preparing for winter

For adult plantings, abundant watering is carried out at the rate of 8-10 liters of water per planting. The trunk is spudded, and humus is introduced into the trunk circle, the layer thickness should be 10 centimeters. Against pests, the trunk is protected with a mesh or a piece of roofing material. And young plants are covered first with agrofiber, and then with spruce branches.

Reviews of summer residents about Yantarnaya

Cherry is popular among gardeners. She proved herself exclusively on the positive side.

Anna, 56 years old, Saratov:

“Amber delighted me with its unusual and delicious fruits. Taking care of her is a pleasure. The frost resistance of the variety is quite sufficient for our climate. ”

Andrey, 45 years old, Moscow:

“There are no disappointments from the variety, I am very glad that I purchased it and have already managed to enjoy the fruits. For cherries, the main thing is to choose the right place and properly care for them.”

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