Odrinka cherry: description and characteristics of the variety, planting and care with a photo

Odrinka variety sweet cherry fell in love not only with summer residents, but also with professional gardeners. It is distinguished by increased frost resistance, drought resistance and worthy fruit qualities. The plant has been successfully grown in gardens for about a century. During this time, the sweet cherry has expanded its habitat, has been tested by time and has not lost its popularity.

How the variety was bred

Initially, Odrinka was grown as a southern tree. In the 19th century, the famous breeder I. V. Michurin thought about relocating sweet cherries to more severe climatic conditions.However, his experiments were not successful. But after some time, the idea was embodied by the scientist F.K. Teterev, who lives in Leningrad. He took as a basis the varieties Zorka and Krasnaya dense, as a result of work with which the modern Odrinka was obtained. It entered the State Register in 2004. The variety is suitable for growing in the climate of the middle zone.

Photo and description

Photos and a brief description of Odrinka give a brief idea not only about the tree itself, but also about the berries, their taste characteristics, and also allow us to formulate the main advantages and disadvantages of sweet cherries.

General Description

Odrinka is grown in all regions except the north. Tree of medium height with a compact, not thickened crown. Small flowers are collected in inflorescences of 3-4 pieces. The harvest time is late. It begins fruiting 5 years after planting the seedling. Sweet cherries require planting nearby a pollinator variety.

Dignity

Thanks to its merits, Odrinka won the love of gardeners and does not lose popularity. Its benefits include:

• resistance to pathogens;
• increased resistance to fungal diseases;
• stable fruiting;
• increased frost resistance;
• suitability for growing in the middle lane.

Flaws

Sweet cherries have no significant drawbacks. Gardeners single out only the small size and mass of berries, which makes them almost unsuitable for wholesale or retail trade.

Kidney

Odrinka's kidneys are small, shaped like a cone. They endure return spring frosts and earlier autumn cooling.

Leaf and flower

The leaves of the sweet cherry generative type, ovate, small in size, deviated towards the branch. The inflorescence contains a maximum of 4 small flowers. The corolla is formed in the shape of a saucer, the petals are white.

Fruit

Fruits have specific characteristics that distinguish them from other similar varieties.

Mass

Odrinka cherries reach a mass of 5 g, the maximum figure is 7 g.

Height

The fruit height of the Odrinka variety is about 2.5 cm.

Width

Cherry grows up to 2.4 cm wide.

Thickness

Up to 6% of the total volume is allocated for the stone in the fruits of Odrinka, the rest is for the pulp.

Color

When ripe, cherries turn a beautiful crimson color, while their juice is red.

Peduncle

Odrinka's peduncle is small, divided into 2 pieces of iron.

Bone

The stone in the fruit is small, occupies no more than 6% of the volume, easily separated from the juicy pulp.

General characteristics

The variety belongs to late-ripening, flowering also comes late. Cherry is self-fertile, therefore it needs pollinating varieties nearby. The ovary is formed on the bouquet branches.

Taste

Tasters rated the taste of Odrinka at 4.7 points.

Nutritional content

The fruits of Odrinka contain:

• dry matter - 17.5%;
• sugars - 11.2%;
• acids - 0.43%;
• ascorbic acid - 15mg/100g

Also, the fruits have a supply of vitamins A, B1, B2, B6, B3, B9, C, E, R. Minerals are included in the sweet cherry:

• potassium;
• calcium;
• phosphorus;
• magnesium;
• sodium;
• chlorine;
• sulfur;
• zinc;
• copper.

Tree height and growth rate

Odrinka's tree growth rate is average. Its maximum height reaches 3-4 m. The crown is not too dense, pyramidal.

The period of flowering and ripening

Odrinka belongs to the late varieties of sweet cherries, its flowering also occurs late, when other varieties are already beginning to form ovaries. The buds are collected in several pieces in inflorescences, the petals are painted white.

Yields

On average, up to 77 q/ha of ripe fruits are harvested from an adult Odrinka tree. Record yields were 221 c/ha, subject to the rules of agricultural technology.

Transportability

Dense flesh and strong skin make it easy to transport harvested sweet cherries over long distances and even store them for some time.

Drought Tolerant

Odrinka has good drought resistance, its roots go deep into the ground and do not experience moisture deficiency. Watering the tree is carried out according to the standard scheme for this culture. Stagnation of water is unacceptable.

Frost resistance

A distinctive feature of this variety of cherries is high cold resistance. A frost hole almost does not appear on the trunk.The tree may freeze when the temperature drops below -29 °C. In this case, up to 15% of flower buds are lost. But the spring return frosts cause much more damage, reducing yields by up to 30%.

Disease resistance

The risk of Odrinka being affected by diseases is minimal. She has increased resistance to the following ailments:

• clusterosporiasis;
• coccomycosis;
• moniliose.

In conditions of high humidity, the likelihood of developing fungal infections increases, and timely preventive treatments are required for Odrinka cherries.

Using fruits

The sweet cherry crop is suitable for all types of processing, both for personal use and on an industrial scale. Due to their small size, the fruit is rarely sold whole, although it tastes great.

Basic soil requirements

Loose loamy or sandy loamy soil is ideal for growing Odrinka. Sandy soil, peat or wetlands are not suitable for cherry cultivation. If the land is depleted, it is recommended to fertilize in advance.

Fit features

Planting Odrinka has its own characteristics, which determine the he alth of the tree itself, as well as the quality and quantity of the future harvest.

Seedling selection

Buy cherry seedlings preferably in proven places, nurseries. For planting on the site, preference is given to trees 0.8-1.2 m high. Young cherries should not have mechanical damage, broken branches, signs of disease, blackened places, mold.

Root system

Odrinka seedling roots should be well developed, not overdried. Mechanical damage, mold are not allowed.

Barrel

For planting in the garden, choose a cherry seedling with a main conductor thickness of about 15 mm. Its bark should not have deformations, spots and scratches. Before buying, it is advisable to rub the barrel in its lower part with a damp cloth. If darkening becomes noticeable, then it is better to refuse to purchase such a plant.

Age

Cherries take root best of all, the age of which at the time of planting is 1-2 years.

Vaccinated

The final characteristics of sweet cherries largely depend on which rootstock is grafted on. It is necessary to pay attention not only to the description of the fruit, but also to the height of the tree, crown spreading, frost resistance and care features.

Select pickup time

Cherries are planted both in spring and autumn. The tree must have time to take root before the onset of stable cold weather, so planting is completed in early October. In the spring, it is preferable to manage before the start of bud break, that is, until the middle or end of April.

Select site

Cherries are planted in a well-lit and draft-protected area. Odrinka should not compete with neighbors for nutrients and moisture, therefore it is advisable to remove it from apple trees, plums, pears and other fruit plantations.

It is preferable to land on the western or southern side of the site. The groundwater level should not approach more than 2 m from the soil surface.

Preparing the pit

Dig a planting hole for sweet cherries preferably a couple of months before the planned landing. For spring planting, the recess is prepared in the fall. During this time, the soil should shrink. If necessary, fertilizers for young cherries are immediately planted there so that they have time to decompose and overheat during the winter.

The size of the hole is 70 x 70 cm, and its depth is about 0.8 m. Just before planting Odrinka, a small mound is formed at the bottom of the fertile soil mixture, on which a young plant is placed, the root system is carefully straightened and covered with earth.After that, abundant watering of the sweet cherry is carried out and the near-stem circle is mulched.

Plant pattern

The distance between Odrinka and neighboring fruit trees or shrubs should be at least 3.5-4 m.

Pollinators

Pollinators should be planted near this cherry variety in order to get a stable and full-fledged harvest of useful berries. The best ones are those that have similar flowering times.

Revna

The tree is small, the shape of the crown is pyramidal. It belongs to the self-fertile varieties of cherries with high yields. The fruits are small in size, but very sweet, fragrant, tasty. Revna is characterized by high frost resistance and even during the flowering period it is able to withstand temperatures down to -6 ° C. The harvested crop retains its qualities for a long time, suitable for transportation over long distances.

gift to Stepanov

Medium-sized tree with a pyramidal crown. Differs in resistance to adverse weather conditions. The fruits of the sweet cherry are medium in size, have the shape of a heart, in maturity they become dark red. The taste qualities of the tasters were rated at 4.9 points out of a possible 5.

Harvest suitable for transportation and short-term storage, used for all types of processing. The sweet cherry itself is characterized by increased drought resistance and frost resistance.

Rechitsa

This variety belongs to the bigarro group. Differs in high cold resistance and a possibility of cultivation in the conditions of severe climate. The fruits of the sweet cherry are small, dark red in color and very sweet in taste. Has increased resistance to common diseases.

Tyutchevka

Medium-sized tree is very cold hardy and disease resistant. Gives a bountiful harvest of medium-sized bright red cherries. The harvested crop is suitable for freezing, processing, as well as transportation over long distances. The variety is considered partially self-pollinating.

Care Secrets

A plentiful harvest with the desired commodity and taste characteristics can only be obtained if Odrinka cherries are properly cared for.

Irrigation

Cherry requires regular watering during flowering and the formation of ovaries. But in the summer, they try to reduce the number of irrigations so that the ripening crop does not crack and retains its qualities longer.

Feeding

Feeding the plant should begin in the third year of life. In the spring, fertilizers with a high nitrogen content are applied, and after the completion of the cherry blossom period, superphosphate and potassium s alt are applied.Proponents of he althy farming can use organic fertilizers that have similar nutrients in their composition.

Slurry

Slurry contains a lot of potassium and nitrogen, but there is very little phosphorus. The fertilizer consists primarily of animal urine, and can also be formed from the decomposition of manure. It should be applied directly to the near-stem circle of the cherry, while it is not necessary to dilute it with water.

In order to prevent the loss of easily mobile nitrogen, it is recommended to add a little superphosphate.

Complex fertilizer

To feed cherries, complex fertilizers are actively used, for example, nitrophoska or azofoska. It is preferable to bring them into the near-stem circle in the fall, so that by spring the nitrogen has time to decompose and does not harm the roots. Also, nutrient mixtures for feeding can be prepared independently, using several useful components.In the autumn, they try to apply less nitrogen so as not to provoke premature growth of shoots.

Ash

Wood ash contains essential cherry components such as calcium, potassium, sodium and magnesium, as well as other substances that contribute to the normal growth and development of the tree. In addition, such top dressing helps to fight pests and pathogens. It is necessary to introduce ash into the near-barrel circle. It is advisable to do this in the spring, but some gardeners also practice autumn top dressing.

Carbamide

Urea refers to organic fertilizers and contains up to 46% nitrogen in its composition. To carry out top dressing of cherries, 20-30 g of the substance is dissolved in 10 liters of water and poured into the near-stem circle. Work is carried out a week after the completion of the flowering period.

Cutting

Proper pruning of a tree not only increases yields, but also reduces the risk of diseases on sweet cherries. They try to form a sparse-tiered type of crown. In each tier, up to 4 strong shoots are left, located at an obtuse angle to the main conductor. The distance between the tiers is 50 cm. All shoots that show signs of disease, mechanical damage, as well as broken, dried or frostbite are subject to mandatory removal.

Preparing for winter

To make the Odrinka sweet cherry easier to endure the harsh winter, it must be properly prepared. If the autumn turned out to be dry, then the soil in the near-stem circle is watered abundantly so that it freezes more slowly. Such activities help protect the root system from freezing. It is advisable to mulch the soil around the trunk with peat or humus, laying a layer 15 cm thick. For a young plant, a frame is built and agrofiber or burlap is thrown over it.In winter, the trunk of a sweet cherry often becomes a delicacy for hares and small rodents.

For the purpose of protection, it is wrapped with a metal mesh or roofing material.

Diseases and pests

Odrinka cherry is highly resistant to diseases and pests, however, under adverse conditions, the risk of damage by them increases, and the plant requires additional protection.

Clusterosporiasis

Clusterosporiasis is a dangerous fungal disease that can affect all stone fruit plants. Cherry is no exception. Almost all terrestrial parts of the tree are affected. A sign of infection is the appearance on the shoots of orange or red spots with a black or brown border. After some time, the spots increase in size, and then completely crack. A thick resinous substance begins to stand out from the wounds. Sometimes the disease even affects the fruits, leaves.

To combat fungal diseases, Bordeaux mixture is used, which is considered perhaps the most effective and time-tested remedy. Horus, Zineb.

Moniliosis

Such a fungal disease not only reduces yields, but can also lead to the death of cherries. Moniliosis affects parts such as:

• inflorescences;
• fruits;
• ovaries;
• branches.

Flowers and leaves of sweet cherries look like dehydrated, and eventually fall off completely. For the purpose of prevention, Odrinka is treated with copper-containing preparations, for example, Mikosan-V or Horus. The causative agent of the disease does not tolerate low winter temperatures.Whitewashing with the addition of copper sulfate also has a detrimental effect on it.

Black cherry aphid

Black cherry aphid attacks trees from spring to autumn and causes significant damage to crops. It accumulates mainly on the underside of the sweet cherry leaf plate. As a result of exposure to the pest, the leaves curl and fall off. A weakened tree has a hard time enduring winter, and the risk of contracting serious diseases increases significantly.

To combat black aphids on Odrinka, drugs such as Iskra, Fitoverm or Commander are used. For prevention, marigolds, horseradish, tobacco and other plants with a sharp aroma are planted nearby.

Leaflets

Leaflet is one of the most dangerous pests that can significantly reduce the yield of sweet cherries in a short period of time. The most dangerous are the larvae that feed on the sap of the plant.

A sign of defeat is that the leaves are wrapped in a tube. When deployed in the middle, you can find a web.

They fight the leaflet by treating with the preparations Lepidocid, Dendrobacillin, Atom, Karbofos, Accord, Fastak. From folk remedies, a decoction of wormwood, an infusion of tobacco, a decoction of tomato tops, an infusion of potato tops are effective.

Cherry Tube Roller

The gluttonous bug is capable of destroying up to 50% of the Odrinka cherry crop. The pipe worker spends the winter in the soil, therefore it is especially important to dig the near-stem soil before the onset of cold weather. In case of severe damage, they resort to the use of insecticides. Not only adults are dangerous, but also insect larvae, which eat out stamens and tiny buds, and also eat only the formed ovary.

Spring treatment

Spring processing of Odrinka is carried out in order to prevent diseases and the spread of pests.Work begins to be carried out as soon as the air warms up a little and the snow begins to melt. Cherries are sprayed with a solution of urea or a special preparation "Nitrafen" is used. Do not allow it to get on the buds of the plant. In order to prevent pests, insecticidal agents "Confidor" and "Aktellik" are used. The trunk of the sweet cherry must be cleaned and then whitewashed.

Harvest and storage of crops

Odrinka cherries are harvested in June or early July. Terms may vary depending on the region of cultivation. Harvested fruits are difficult to keep fresh for a long time, because they are used mainly for processing. If you place them in a container and refrigerate, you can keep the cherries for about 3-5 days.

Reviews

Gardeners have had time to experience the advantages and disadvantages of Odrinka. Many of them willingly share their impressions.Anna Dmitrievna, an amateur gardener: “I dreamed about cherries in my garden for a long time. Studying the characteristics of the varieties, I chose Odrinka and Revna. I waited several years for the first harvest, but Odrinka exceeded all my expectations. Beautiful and sweet fruits relished the whole family. The variety is late, therefore, to protect against pests, I regularly carry out preventive spraying. ”

Maxim Ivanovich, a beginner gardener: “I planted Odrinka in my garden as a pollinator for another well-known cherry variety. She began to bear fruit only in the 4th year after planting. The quality of the fruit was very surprising: beautiful, juicy, sweet and dense. All the efforts put into caring for the tree have paid off.”

Marina Sergeevna, summer resident: “I planted 2 late varieties of sweet cherries on my plot, one of which is Odrinka. The description of the variety promised good frost resistance, and this is very important for my climate.It must be admitted that the sweet cherry fully corresponds to its declared characteristics. True, the fruits turned out to be small in size, but their taste pleased and compensated for this small drawback. ”

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