Dessert pear: variety description and characteristics, care and cultivation

Pears of sweet varieties are liked by many. Breeders have bred many varieties with sweet fruits for growing in home gardens. Consider the description of the Dessert pear, its pros and cons, the nuances of growing, recommendations for care. How to protect a pear from diseases and pests, when to harvest, how and how much to store the harvest.

History of Creation

Autumn variety Dessertnaya was bred in 1952 at the Rossosh Horticulture Station. For crossing, the summer variety Forest Beauty and the winter Bere, winter Michurina were taken. The variety is zoned in the regions of the Central, Central Black Earth and North Caucasus regions.

Main characteristics and description of the variety

The beginning of the ripening of the fruits of the Dessertnaya variety - the beginning of September. It continues until November. Ripe pears are beautiful - yellow with a pink blush. Weight - 150 g. The taste is sweet, which corresponds to the name of the variety. Pears are tender, juicy, with a thin but dense skin, suitable for transportation and storage. During storage, the taste and aroma of the fruit do not change.

The tree is resistant to climatic conditions, scab and other common infections. The variety is self-pollinating, the presence of a number of pollinators is not required.

Good and bad sides

Pros and consexcellent taste;the duration of the collection of fruits;keeping quality, transportability;winter hardiness;resistance to fungi;unpretentiousness to climatic conditions;self-pollination.

The nuances of growing pear Dessert Rossoshanskaya late

1- or 2-year-old seedlings are planted. Older trees take root worse. Only he althy, well-developed seedlings are chosen, with a powerful root system, with even shoots covered with smooth, undamaged bark.

The day before planting, the seedling is prepared: cut off the tips of the roots, the tops of the shoots by 1/3. Then the roots are soaked in a solution of a root formation stimulator. Processing accelerates the growth of new roots and reduces the rooting period.

When and where to plant

Dessert pear seedlings are planted in spring or autumn. In the spring - before the leaves bloom on the shoots, in the fall - after the leaf fall, that is, during the rest of the plant.

For landing, you need to choose an open, sunny place, protected from the wind. Keep at least 2 meters away from fences and buildings.

The soil is prepared shortly before planting the seedling. They clean the site of plant debris, dig it up, dig holes for planting - with a depth and diameter of at least 0.7-1 m. A layer of drainage is poured onto the bottom, a layer of humus and ash mixed with the same amount of excavated soil is placed on it.

Boarding rules

The roots of the plant are lowered into the planting pit, spread them evenly over the volume of the pit. Sprinkle with earth, ram it. Water with 1-2 buckets of water, sprinkle with a layer of dry earth and mulch. A peg is placed nearby, to which the trunk is tied so that the seedling does not lean to the side.

Crop Care Recommendation

Immediately after planting a Dessert pear seedling, care for it begins. Both a young and an adult tree needs constant care. It needs to be watered, fertilized, pruned, make sure that the trees remain he althy, pests do not breed on them.

Water and fertilize

Young sapling Dessert watered often, in order for rooting to go well, you need to keep the ground moist. After rooting, water once every 2 weeks. In autumn, water-charging watering is done. Adult fruit-bearing pears are watered if the soil is very dry. Especially trees need moisture during the filling of fruits. In hot weather, if there is not enough moisture, the pears will be small and dry.

Irrigation can be combined with fertilization. Dessert pear well perceives organic and mineral top dressing. Trees are fertilized at least 3 times per season: in spring, after flowering and in the middle of the fruit formation period. At the beginning of the growing season, they need nitrogen, then phosphorus and potassium become the main elements. S altpeter, urea, superphosphate, potassium s alts are used. From organic matter - rotted manure, compost, wood ash.

Pruning and wintering

Pruning is carried out in the fall, when cleaning the garden, or in the spring, when the heat comes. Cut out all dry branches affected by diseases and pests, he althy, but superfluous, which grow inside the crown. After pruning, the trunk and lower parts of the skeletal branches are whitewashed with lime. For the winter, the near-trunk circle is covered with mulch from straw, hay, and dry foliage. The mulch will keep the roots from freezing. In the spring it is replaced with a new layer.

Pests and diseases

Dessert pear is resistant to fungus, but will not be prevented by preventive spraying with fungicides in weather conditions that promote the reproduction of pests.

Sweet pear may suffer from an invasion of ants. From insects treatment with insecticidal preparations helps. You can also put a hunting belt on the trunk, set baits and traps.

Harvest and storage of crops

Dessert - autumn variety, the fruits are harvested slightly unripe and sent for storage. In a cold, dry and dark room, they can be stored throughout autumn and early winter. They are placed in shallow boxes in 3 layers maximum, paper is placed under each layer. During storage, the fruits are sorted out, rotten or withered.

For fresh use, ripe pears are plucked when they turn yellow, acquire a characteristic aroma, the flesh becomes soft and sweet. They are used to make jams, jams, and other preparations with a sweet taste.

Dessert pear is known for its sweet fragrant fruits. This is an autumn variety, so they are suitable both for consumption immediately after harvest and for storage. Dessert is an excellent variety for growing in private gardens for home consumption of fruits.