Apple tree Young naturalist: variety description and growing regions, winter hardiness with photo

Apple - this fruit has been known for millennia, it is a storehouse of vitamins and just a very tasty fruit, which is devotedly loved in Russia and grown almost everywhere. There are different varieties of apple trees, fruits that differ from each other - everyone will find the best treat for themselves. The apple-tree variety Young naturalist is grown in the Middle Strip, bears excellent fruit in the Moscow region, has spread to the Volga-Vyatka region, is suitable for industrial cultivation.

Description

Growing up to 4 meters in height, apple trees have a rounded dense crown with branches located almost horizontally to the trunk, light brown shoots, dark bark. The branches droop under the weight of the fruit.

The leaves are small, dark, veined, in mature trees they are slightly pubescent from the wrong side.

Fruits - weighing up to 130 grams, greenish-yellow, with a bright red, slightly striped bottling. Stored until December, transported without loss of commercial qualities. The young naturalist belongs to the middle-late varieties, harvested in the last ten days of September.

According to the description, a varietal tree brings up to 100 kilograms of juicy, sweet and sour apples, which are good natural and great for processing (drying, making jams and jams, squeezing juice). The Young Naturalist apple tree is often the choice of horticultural farmers.

History of variety breeding

Apple tree The young naturalist is a success of Russian breeding. The variety was obtained in 1935 by the team of the Michurinsk Research Institute.The progenitors are the varieties: Welsey winter and autumn Cinnamon striped, the Young Naturalist or Yunnat, as this apple tree is also called, was experimentally crossed. The project was led by Sergey Isaev.

Advantages and disadvantages

Seedlings should be bought from trusted suppliers and be sure to check the documents for plants when buying.

The advantages of this variety include:

• ability to produce high yields;
• early start of fruiting (already 3-4 years old);
• cold resistance;
• virtually not affected by scab.

It was these qualities that made the Young Naturalist variety popular among gardeners. There are few disadvantages: the frequency of yields, which is typical for most apple varieties, and the crushing of fruits at high yields. To avoid this, carry out regular pruning and do not forget to fertilize the tree.

Winter hardiness and disease resistance

The young naturalist is one of the best winter-hardy varieties. An adult apple tree is quite capable of surviving a rather harsh winter. The young naturalist grows well and bears fruit in the Middle Strip and more northern regions.

She is not susceptible to scab disease, diseases and pests that need to be protected from the apple tree include:

1. Apple flower beetle. The brown-brown beetle damages apple and pear trees, eating the color and young leaves. Able to completely destroy the crop. Timely pruning of the tree, removal of dry foliage and digging in reduce the likelihood of spread. For protection, the tree is sprayed with an insecticide (Atkara; Engio 247 SC) during the period when the buds are just beginning to bloom. In this case, the manufacturer's instructions must be followed exactly. Protective belts may be used.
2. Codling moth. The pest destroys young apples from the inside, protective belts are used to combat it, butterflies are caught using fermenting solutions (beer, kvass, compote) - they are hung on a tree and attract insects. As a last resort, insecticide spraying is performed.
3. Sawyer - to combat this pest, the apple tree is treated with karbofos.

Timely removal of dry branches, pruning of bark, whitewashing of trunks and digging in of trees - all this is done so that apple trees remain he althy and prolific.

Fruiting and ripening

Begins to bear fruit 3-4 years after planting. If the tree is not fertilized, the seedling is not cared for after planting, the waiting time for fruits increases significantly. The apple tree needs additional pollination. Medium and late varieties are suitable for pollination. Blooms in the Middle Strip in late May-June.

Harvesting is carried out from the last ten days of September to the beginning of October. The harvested crop is well stored in a dry, cool room until December. Apples for storage should be sorted out and neatly folded into boxes. A clean and dry wooden or plastic container will do.

Regions of distribution

Yunnat conquered the gardeners of the Moscow region, captured the Yaroslavl, Tula, Oryol, Ivanovo regions. Since 1993, it has been included in the Register of varieties for zoning in the Volga-Vyatka region, due to its frost resistance.

Today, the Young naturalist on a dwarf rootstock is becoming more and more common. Such an apple tree requires less space (trees are planted at a distance of 1.5 meters from each other), a crop from a 2-3 meter tree is harvested without problems and often, even without using a ladder. Fruits from a low tree practically do not crumble and, even if they fall, do not break and do not lose their presentation.The shallow location of the roots allows planting small trees even in areas with close groundwater.

The disadvantages include the need to build additional supports for the trees (due to increased brittleness) and to protect apple trees from pests.

When choosing a seedling, it is necessary to ensure that the variety is zoned, and the specimen itself has well-developed roots and 4-5 branches of the crown.

If the tree is properly cared for, the Young Naturalist will repay with a high yield.

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