Types of protected ground: description of 4 types and what this concept means

Growing plants is possible not only in open beds, but also under cover. This method has the advantage of allowing earlier harvest than usual (depending on the climate of the region), and where plants are difficult to grow due to the cold climate. Consider the description of the main types of protected ground, their characteristics, as well as the construction of protected ground.

What does protected ground mean

This is a plot or room that is specially equipped for growing plants. It artificially created conditions for the growth and development of crops, which allow them to grow during the period of the year with unfavorable weather.

Vegetables can be grown in greenhouses in early spring, late autumn and winter when they cannot come from the garden. You can grow heat-loving and exotic vegetables in cold regions. Protected soil is used for growing and forcing greens, root crops and bulbs, ripening tomatoes.

Main species

Protected ground is divided into 2 types - rooms covered with glass, film or polycarbonate, and insulated ground.

Greenhouses

The walls and roof of the greenhouse are covered with glass or transparent plastic, which let in sunlight and keep infrared radiation inside, that is, heat. Exotic heat-loving plants, flowers, fruits and vegetables are grown in greenhouses. Growing time - year-round or winter-spring. Greenhouses have become especially important for the food industry in countries with cold climates.

Greenhouses

This is a non-portable structure of various sizes, not lower than human height, for growing seedlings and vegetables, flowers, growing plants in pots, rooting cuttings. The material for greenhouses are film, polycarbonate, glass. Greenhouses can be unheated, in which the heat of the sun is accumulated, and heated by gas and electricity.

Due to the heating system, it becomes possible to grow plants throughout the cold season. In greenhouses, temperature and humidity can be regulated, thereby creating optimal conditions for plants that they need at different stages of development.

You can grow any crops in a greenhouse, apply various growing technologies that cannot be used in garden beds, for example, growing plants in hydroponics, in bags, on racks.

Greenhouses

This is a small unheated structure, small in area and height, with side railings and a removable top, which can be sunk into the soil to a certain height. In greenhouses, seedlings of vegetables and flowers are grown, cuttings are rooted, which are then planted in open beds. They also grow fast-growing early vegetables such as radishes, lettuce or stunted plants.

Greenhouses are located in sunny places, since the heat in them is maintained only from solar radiation. They do not have devices for ventilation (windows, doors), artificial lighting. Greenhouses can be portable and stationary.

Insulated ground

These are areas with the simplest shelter structures made of straw mats, agrofibre, film, glass, fabric.Transparent materials are used to cover plants during the day, opaque - at night. The construction of such facilities does not require significant costs, but allows you to grow seedlings and early vegetables, the cost of which will be lower than in greenhouses.

Insulated soil can be heated due to rotting manure and not heated, open from above (protected only from the wind) or closed, with stationary or portable film shelters. Insulated soil is used for early spring production.

Underground structures

All indoor structures differ in the way they are heated by solar energy and biofuels and with artificial heating with electricity, gas, hot water.

1. According to the design features, structures can be frameless and frame.
2. According to the material of manufacture, structures are divided into wooden, metal, concrete and polymeric materials, glass, film are used in their manufacture.
3. According to the purpose, the designs are seedling, vegetable, flower.
4. According to growing technology, they are soil, hydroponic and growing plants on substrates.

Protected soil makes it possible to grow crops year-round or during those periods of the year when the temperature does not yet allow it to be done in open beds. Shelter structures are used both in private households and in agricultural enterprises, from which early vegetable products are obtained.

Recommended