Growing grapes in the middle lane for beginners in the open field: planting and care

Many gardeners living in the middle lane are growing grapes. In such areas, only suitable varieties should be grown that can easily tolerate temperature changes and other climatic changes. Before you start planting fruit, you should familiarize yourself with the features of growing grapes in the middle lane for beginners.

Best varieties

Over the past years, breeders involved in the creation of new varieties of plants have bred many grape varieties. Many of them are distinguished not only by large fruits, but also by resistance to low temperatures.They are the best varieties for central Russia. It is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the features of each in advance in order to choose the best variety in the future.

Samarsky Amber

Breeders got this variety back in 1949 by crossing Muscat and Madeleine grapes. The plant has medium-sized bushes, the height of which reaches two meters. In spring, each planted bush is covered with large leaves, on the tips of which there are straight teeth of a triangular shape.

The berries of Samara Amber are large and grow up to 20 mm. Each of them weighs five grams. Ripe fruits are covered with a thin golden skin.

Delight

Technical grape varieties such as Rapture are great for growing in the middle lane.The advantages of the variety include its large and tasty grape berries. Their surface is covered with a crispy and dense skin, under which there is a sweetish pulp. Their diameter reaches 30 mm, and their weight is 7-8 grams.

Experienced gardeners who have been growing Rapture for many years note its frost resistance. Even at temperatures below 25 degrees below zero, the bushes do not lose their ability to bear fruit and grow normally.

Crystal

Gardeners who prefer to grow ultra-early grapes should turn their attention to Crystal. Its fruits have time to ripen within 100 days, thanks to which it is possible to harvest in early August.

Ripened oval grapes are golden in color with a light tint. They are covered with a thin layer of waxy coating that protects them from dangerous microorganisms. The advantages of the Crystal include its taste.Grapes are sweet, which is why some housewives do not even add sugar when making compote and jam.

Laura

In the middle lane, many grow Laura grapes, which cope well with severe winter frosts. The bushes of the plant are large and grow up to 2-3 meters. In spring, they are covered with five-lobed green leaves.

In the middle of summer, fruit clusters are formed on the bushes, which grow up to 35-40 cm in length. Each bunch weighs one kilogram. When growing in a greenhouse, you can increase the weight of fruit clusters up to three kilograms.

When to buy planting material?

It is recommended to familiarize yourself with the features of purchasing planting material in advance in order to buy the best seedlings. It is better to buy in the spring, a few days before planting grapes in the garden. However, before that, you need to familiarize yourself with the following recommendations:

You can't buy grape seedlings in the heat of the moment. When choosing a plant, you should not take the first seedling that comes across, as it may be damaged. It is better to carefully examine it and compare it with other seedlings that are sold in the store.
Purchases are made only in stores that sell seeds and seedlings. In such places, there is always a good choice, which allows you to choose the best grape varieties for planting in the middle lane.
Saplings that are planted in autumn are best suited for planting. They are hardier than spring ones, and therefore gardeners are advised to buy them. However, if they will be engaged in grapes in July, and not in autumn, then it is better to buy seedlings for spring planting.
Purchased seedlings are not stored for a long time. Need to plant them in the garden the day after purchase.

Timing and site selection for planting

Before planting seedlings, you should decide on the optimal timing and choose a place for grapes.

Timing

You can plant grape seedlings in spring and autumn. Experienced gardeners advise planting them in the fall, as this will allow the grapes to quickly get used to the new climatic conditions. In addition, the bushes planted in autumn strengthen immunity to pests and diseases.

The best time for planting grapes in the middle lane in autumn is considered the end of September and the first half of October.

Choosing a seat

When choosing a site for a vineyard, take into account the soil. It cannot be planted on swampy soils and areas where groundwater lies close to the upper layers of the soil. The landing site must be reliably protected from gusts of wind and illuminated by the sun's rays. Without enough light, the bushes will grow slowly and bear fruit poorly.

How to plant grapes in the middle lane?

Inexperienced gardeners may have difficulty planting grapes in central Russia. To do everything right, you need to familiarize yourself in advance with how to plant grape seedlings on your own. When disembarking, adhere to the following recommendations:

Acquired seedlings are pre-soaked in cool water and cut off. When pruning, the root system is cut and the shoot is shortened by three buds. Also, gardeners are advised to immediately get rid of side shoots, which can significantly slow down the growth of planted bushes.
The cropped plant is placed in a container with a clay solution for half an hour, after which it is planted in open ground. For planting, a shallow hole is made on the site, in which several bushes can be planted at once.
Add organic matter or mineral fertilizers to the dug hole for planting, which promote the growth of grapes.
When planting, seedlings are lowered into the soil to a depth of 7-10 cm so that the root system is in the ground.
When the planting of grapes in the fall with seedlings is over, a low mound is made around the sprout of grapes to protect them from frost.

Care & Grow Tips

Not everyone knows how to grow grapes in the middle lane. To deal with this, you should familiarize yourself with the features of caring for grape seedlings.

During the care of grapes in the middle lane, watering is carried out. Moisturizing the soil is done in the summer or spring season. At the same time, at least 10-15 liters of liquid are spent on each planted bush.

If rainy weather prevails in summer, the grapes are watered 1-2 times per season. In dry weather, the number of waterings is increased up to 4-5 times. It is impossible to water the plant more often, as pests are activated at high humidity, and the likelihood of infection with mildew or late blight increases.

Propagation of grapes in central Russia

Gardeners want not only to grow grapes, but also to propagate them. The most common way to propagate such a plant is to sprinkle the vine with soil. This method is best used only in the middle lane and in the southern regions. Experienced gardeners advise to carry out the procedure in the middle of summer or at the end of spring, if the bushes are already lignified.

During the powdering of the vine, make sure that its upper part remains on the surface of the soil. After a few months, the part of the plant that is covered with soil will begin to sprout. In October, all the resulting sprouts are carefully separated and transferred to the room. In spring, when the air temperature warms up to 15-20 degrees, seedlings can be planted in the garden.

When to prune?

In order for the grape bushes to grow and bear fruit better, you will have to cut them periodically. Maintenance pruning in the fall will have to be done at least twice. At the same time, excess shoots are removed a few days before the winter shelter of the plant. To begin with, it is necessary to cut only large stems on which there were no brushes. All pruned twigs are carefully placed near the base of the seedlings.

Stems from grapes are cut not only in autumn, but also in spring. During spring pruning, dried branches that lack leaves are removed. Also in the spring, they pinch the stems, which contributes to the proper formation of grapes.

Gardeners with many years of grape growing experience recommend pinching immediately after planting. This will allow you to properly form a bush and increase productivity.

The procedure for sheltering grapes for the winter

It is imperative to cover the grapes for the winter, because without special shelter it can die. To do this, in the fall, all the bushes are carefully dug in so that the roots do not freeze. Sometimes plants are not added dropwise, but covered with dried leaves, straw or branches. Covering material on top can be sprinkled with soil or covered with oilcloth so that the soil does not freeze through.

The created shelter is removed only in the spring, when the night frosts end, and the air temperature will always be above zero.

Conclusion

Some midland growers plan to plant grapes in the garden. Before that, you should familiarize yourself with the best varieties for such a region, as well as the features of planting and caring for planted seedlings.