Nedzwiecki's apple tree: description and characteristics of an ornamental variety, planting and care

Fruit crops are represented by many varieties that are used for decorative purposes. Nedzwiecki's apple tree is used by landscape designers to create an original garden plot. Thanks to its specific external qualities, the tree will become the highlight of any plant composition.

Variety description

The history of the Niedzwiecki variety begins in the 20th century. The apple tree was brought to Russia by the scientist V. E. Nedzvetsky after visiting China. The species was described by biologist G. Dick and named after the discoverer.

Apple tree is an ornamental tree. It is used in park areas, for the formation of hedges. The variety has bright external features:

1. Maximum stem height - 8 m.
2. Wood and bark have a pinkish sheen.
3. Due to the color of anthocyanins leaves, buds, fruits of purple color. Hence the second name is the red-leaved apple tree.
4. The variety blooms in May for 10 days. The tree has a long budding period - flowers do not bloom for 1 month.
5. Variety can be grown as a tree or bush. The Niedzwiecki variety is plastic to create a new form.

The peculiarity of the apple tree is that its flowering attracts bees to the garden plot, and birds flock there in winter.

Characteristics of Nedzwiecki's apple tree

Characteristic features of the variety determine the order of growing fruit and berry crops.

Features

Distinctive external characteristics of a medium-sized tree:

1. The apple tree has a spherical crown.
2. The bark on the trunk is prone to cracks.
3. The first flowering occurs 5 years after planting, and the first fruiting - after 10 years.
4. Dark red apples of small size. Fully ripen in August.
5. Fruit flesh is pink.
6. Additional pollinators are needed to produce crops.

Phenological type

Nedzwiecki's variety is used by landscape designers to design garden plots and park areas. The tree has a specific color. She changes colors depending on the season:

1. Green-purple foliage blends with raspberry-hued flowers in spring.
2. The leaves turn dark purple in summer. The branches are full of red fruits.
3. In autumn, the crown changes color to crimson yellow, and the fruits turn purple.
4. Purple apples can be seen on the branches in winter.

Latin name

After the scientist Nedzewiecki from China brought a wild apple tree, it became widespread in our country. They named it in honor of the discoverer and biologist who was involved in the description of the variety - Malus niedzxetzkyana Dieck. Translated from Latin malus - apple.

Tree height

In its natural environment, a wild apple tree reaches 12 m in height. In garden practice, the variety does not grow above 8 m. A similar trend is associated with pruning to form a crown.

Crown diameter

The width of the crown of an apple tree is up to 6 m. In young trees, it is pyramidal in shape. With age, from the severity of branches, leaves, fruits, the crown falls, becoming like a ball.

Annual growth

The variety is characterized by an average strength of growth. By the age of 13, the tree reaches 3 m in height. For 1 year, the branches become longer by 40-60 cm.

Fruit Taste Evaluation

Apple variety - small. The average size of one fruit is 3-4 cm. The tart taste of fruits resembles a forest wild apple tree. During frosts, bitterness disappears. They retain their taste and appearance well during the cold season. Considered an excellent delicacy for birds.

Leaf type

Each elliptical apple leaf has a serrated edge. In the spring-summer period, the reverse side is painted red-brown.

Winter hardiness

The level of frost resistance of the Nedzvetsky variety is high. It tolerates temperatures as low as -30 degrees.

Disease resistance

Nedzwiecki's apple tree, due to its origin, is not affected by common diseases of fruit crops.

Life span of a tree

The average lifespan of the Nedzwiecki variety is 60 years. Proper care will increase the rate several times.

Pros and cons of the variety

The apple tree has many advantages that have made the variety popular among gardeners:

1. High level of decoration. Wide application in landscape design.
2. Unpretentious care.
3. Resistance to diseases and pests.
4. Frost resistance.
5. Any apple tree can act as a pollinator.

Reproduction rules

There are several options for propagating an apple tree:

1. On the forest and berry subspecies, they are vaccinated. The method will not give complete confidence in the further growth and development of the seedling.
2. In early autumn, the seeds are laid in the ground to a depth of 2-3 cm.
3. Using cuttings.
4. Reproduction by root shoots. A separated seedling grows and blooms faster.

Planting seedlings of ornamental apple trees

Planting Niedzwiecki seedlings is a simple process.

Choosing a seat

Apple tree prefers good lighting. The best location option is the sunny side of the garden. Groundwater should lie no higher than 1.5-2 m from the surface. To organize neighboring plantings, it should be taken into account that the crown of an adult tree will reach more than 6 m in width.

Optimal timing

There are several favorable dates for planting:

1. In the spring, before bud break, the seedling is rooted. This will allow the seedling to better adapt to the surrounding climate.
2. In autumn, the tree is at rest. The option is suitable for areas where the soil does not freeze until December. During this period, the seedling will take small roots, and in the spring it will strenuously grow.

Step by step process

To perform a quality fit, a simple algorithm is recommended:

1. Prepare the hole in 14 days to allow the soil to settle to the required level.
2. Standard planting hole dimensions are 70 x 70 x 80 cm.
3. Up to half fill the depression with a mixture of soil and organic fertilizers, sand.
4. Drive a wooden stake into the center of the hole. Tie a seedling to it. Its root collar should be at ground level.
5. Spread the roots, sprinkle with earth.
6. Sprinkle soil around the trunk with mulch, water abundantly.

Cultivation practices

Nedzwiecki variety needs competent care from standard procedures: watering, fertilizing, pruning, disease prevention.

Water, weeding, loosening

The variety prefers regular moisture. At least 6 buckets of water are spent on an adult apple tree. To prevent moisture stagnation in the trunk circle, this area is loosened and weeded.

Mulching

The area around the trunk of an apple tree is recommended to be mulched. To do this, use:

• peat;
• chips;
• shell;
• nuts.

Feeding

The first fertilizer is carried out when planting a seedling. The planting hole is filled with a mixture of earth and rotted manure, compost. Variety Nedzvetsky needs to provide nitrogen nutrition. It will give the apple tree a decorative look.

Pruning and crown shaping

The optimal period for crown decoration is autumn or spring:

1. Cut dry, broken branches.
2. Remove shoots that are not growing correctly.
3. Trim the ends of branches for better growth.

For trees over 10 years old, anti-aging pruning is carried out. It restores the active growth of young branches.

Pest and disease control

Tree can be damaged by aphids, mites, weevils, scale insects. In such cases, chemicals are used to treat the plant.

Features of ripening and fruiting

The flowering and harvest of the Niedzwiecki variety depends on high-quality care procedures. There are nuances to these processes that every gardener needs to consider.

Flowering

The apple tree blossoms after the leaves have blossomed. Flowering time - 10-14 days. The timing of the process or its absence can be affected by:

• plant cultivation region;
• composition of the soil;
• location of the apple tree on the garden plot.

Using fruits

Nedzwiecki apples are used in three ways:

1. Dried fruits from the fruits of this variety retain all vitamins and minerals.
2. Apples are processed into marshmallow, jam, cider.
3. The fruits of the tree are used in traditional medicine recipes.

Can it be eaten?

Apple varieties are tart in taste but edible. The bitterness of the fruit passes under the influence of frost. They are rich in ascorbic acid, which allows them to be used as a prevention of colds.

Application in landscape design

Due to the specific color of the leaves, branches, trunk, Nedzwiecki's apple tree has earned recognition among landscape designers. They use an ornamental tree as a single planting to add flair to a garden plot. The original color scheme will create bright contrasts in the design of any plant object. Groups of apple varieties are used to decorate hedges.

Growing in different regions

Features of the Nedzwiecki variety make it possible to cultivate a fruit plant in many regions of the country.

In the suburbs

Severe winters and sudden thaws in the middle zone do not harm the apple tree. Damage to open buds is brought by recurrent cold weather. To avoid this, it is necessary to delay flowering. When planting next to the seedling, 2 stones are buried.This simple method will postpone the opening of the buds for a week.

In the Leningrad Region

The northwestern region is characterized by an unstable climate: extremely cold winters alternate with prolonged thaws. To keep the tree he althy, it is recommended to plant it in an elevated, well-lit area.

In Siberia and the Urals

Winters in Siberia and the Urals are characterized by extremely low temperatures. Siberian rootstock will keep the Nedzvetsky variety from cold damage.

Nedzwiecki's apple tree - a variety with a century of history. A native of China is widely distributed in many regions of the country. Thanks to its original external features, wood has been used in landscape design for many years. Apple fruits are rich in vitamins and useful minerals. Numerous advantages have made the variety popular with farms and private gardeners.

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