Apple tree Bryansk: description of the variety and variety, planting and care rules

Bryanskoye apple tree is a frequent guest in the gardens of central Russia. The result of the painstaking work of the Bryansk breeder was above all praise. As many as 3 types of the same variety, and each of them is good in its own way. An unpretentious, fruitful tree has long found its way to the heart of an avid gardener. It is enough to show a little attention to this plant, and it will thank the owner with an unprecedented harvest.

How the variety Bryanskoye was bred

The tree was bred by the breeder A.I. Astakhov at the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupin. The scientist was faced with the task of creating an apple variety resistant to scab disease.Having crossed the popular Pobeditel variety with the SPO 523 hybrid apple tree, the breeder achieved a positive result. The variety turned out to be prolific, and the polygenes and the Vm gene introduced into the structure of the plant strengthened the immunity of the apple tree.

Pros and cons

An unpretentious variety boasts many advantages, but in order to successfully grow a fruit-bearing tree, it is necessary to take into account the small imperfections of the plant.

Variety Benefits:

The tree successfully resists many diseases.
Apple tree is hardy, easily endures winter cold.
The fruit stays on the branches until the harvest period.
The tree bears its first fruits already 3-4 years after planting.
The taste of apples will please even the pickiest of gardeners.

Variety Faults:

As a result of a long period of storage, the structure of the fruit changes - the pulp becomes loose. At the same time, the taste of apples remains the same.
With insufficient care, the fruits are affected by rot.

Varieties and characteristics of varieties

Alexander Ivanovich Astakhov created 3 varieties of the Bryansk apple tree. Each of them is attractive in its own way.

Aloe

The variety was obtained as a result of crossing the hybrid SR 0523 and Pobedel, beloved by many gardeners, of the apple tree. Medium size and compact rounded crown give the tree a neat appearance. Its straightened shoots rush upward, but gradually form an obtuse angle with the trunk. Light green, large leaves slightly curled.

Unpretentious plant is responsive to good care. Every year, the apple tree brings a harvest of bright sweet and sour apples. The fruits cannot be called large, their size reaches 200 g. The juicy, crunchy pulp of the fruit has a dense texture. The unique aroma, flattened shape and bright crimson color make the variety recognizable.

You can harvest as early as September. Subject to the storage rules, scarlet apples lie until spring. Seedlings should not be placed in the lowlands, as at low temperatures the skeletal branches of the tree may freeze slightly.

Golden

Winter, dessert variety appeared as a result of crossing the legendary Antonovka with a no less famous apple tree called Golden Delhi. A hardy, fast-growing, winter-hardy variety regularly pleases the owners with a harvest, but, unlike the scarlet Bryansk apple tree, its fruiting is periodic. The first harvest can be seen already in the fifth year after planting. Medium-sized trees have a dense, lush crown. The curved branches of the apple tree form a right angle with the trunk.

Large, fragrant fruits fully confirm the name. It is impossible to look indifferently at a golden, shiny apple. From under the amber skin of an oblong fruit, dark specks are visible, and the spicy aroma evokes memories of oriental sweets.The weight of apples ranges from 180 to 250 g. If the storage rules are followed, the fruits can lie safely until May.

Pink

The main difference between the variety and other varieties of the Bryansk apple tree is the ability to grow safely and bear fruit in adverse conditions. A wonderful productive plant grows quickly and does not require special care. The apple tree successfully resists fungal diseases.

The compact, round shape of the tree looks very decorative. Harvest ripens in September. Oblong, rounded apples have a unique sweet and sour taste. Fragrant fruits are stored until December.

Description of culture

A mature tree reaches 5 m in height. The apple tree belongs to early-growing, high-yielding varieties. The unpretentious tree has proven itself well.

External parameters

A medium-sized apple tree is distinguished by straightened shoots. The branches rush upward, the bark on the shoots is smooth. The shoots are decorated with large, slightly wrinkled leaves.

Tree height and crown width

An adult tree reaches a height of 5-7 m. Depending on the size and age of the apple tree, the crown of the plant spreads to a width of 4-6 m.

Annual growth

Bryansk beauty is growing rapidly. Each year, the height of the trunk increases by 55-70 cm, but if the tree is planted in a shady place, the growth will be more modest.

Yields

One of the main advantages of the Bryansk beauty is high productivity. The tree bears a large number of fruits every year. Even a mature tree can produce more than 200 kg of apples per season.

Self-fertility and pollination

The variety does not need pollination, which means it can do without neighborhood with other apple trees. The plant belongs to the group of self-fertile trees.

Apple tasting evaluation

A rating of 4.8 out of 5 indicates the excellent taste of the fruit. Dessert apples are distinguished by their exquisite aroma, sweet and sour taste and rich content of vitamins. Apples are good for eating fresh. In addition, juices, jams, wine and preserves are made from fruits.

Resistant to freezing temperatures and drought

The variety is resistant to the vagaries of the weather. An apple tree can endure 35-degree frosts without damage to he alth and feel great in a dry summer. However, if the plant is planted in a low place, the seedling may freeze.

Immunity to diseases and insects

The plant has good immunity and is less susceptible to disease than other representatives of the culture. Unfortunately, fruit rot often lies in wait for an apple tree.

Fit Tips

The he alth and productivity of the apple tree depends on compliance with the rules for the care and planting of the plant.

Preparing the seedling

The roots of a 1- or 2-year-old seedling should preferably be dipped in a nutritious mash made from clay, water and manure.

Thus provide additional nutrition and protection for young tree roots.

Terms and schemes

Apple trees are planted in spring or autumn. Spring planting should be done early, before bud break. In autumn, the tree is planted at the end of September. The deadline is the first of October. The apple tree should have time to take root and adapt to new conditions before the onset of frost. The distance between the seedlings should be at least 5 m, and between the rows it is necessary to leave a corridor of 5-6 m.

Procedure technology

The tree is planted in a sunny, dry area. For planting, they dig a hole measuring 100x100 cm, 70 cm deep. It is better to prepare a planting hole 2 months before planting.

The pit must be filled with peat, humus, ash and phosphorus-potassium fertilizers.

The seedling is set so that the root collar remains above the ground. The pit is filled with soil, the soil is compacted a little and a groove is made around the trunk. The planted tree is watered and mulched with a 15 cm layer of sawdust or small wood chips.

Growing a fruitful garden

Knowledge of agricultural technology will help even a novice gardener to achieve not only an enviable harvest, but also keep apple trees in a he althy state.

Regularity of watering and fertilization

In the first months of life, the seedling needs more frequent watering. During the summer period, the plant is moistened at least 7 times. In subsequent years, it is enough to water the apple tree 4-5 times per season. Each tree should take 6-7 buckets of water.

In the first years, it is not necessary to feed the tree, it has enough food from the planting hole. In subsequent years, the apple tree is fed with organic and mineral fertilizers.

How to handle wood properly

Spraying with chemicals is carried out in early spring. The rest of the time, diseased fruits and leaves are harvested by hand and destroyed.

Cutting and shaping

In order for the crown not to grow and not become too thick, it is necessary to trim. Damaged or weakened shoots are mercilessly removed. Starting from the second year, the main stem of the plant is pruned. This is done to increase and develop side branches.

Mulching and wintering

When preparing a tree for winter, it must be sprayed to protect against pests. Then the roots of the apple tree are insulated with peat or humus mulch.

Features of fruiting

Despite its unpretentious disposition, the fruit-bearing tree needs care.

Timing

Apple trees begin to quickly bear their first fruits. Already for 4-5 years you can wait for the harvest.

Flowering

Bryansk apple tree blooms in May. If the tree grows in the southern regions, the first flowers will appear in the last days of April.

Fruit ripening

Like all representatives of winter varieties, Bryansk beauties give a harvest at the end of September.

Storage duration

Guaranteed shelf life of fruits - until the last days of December. Subject to the temperature regime, apples can lie until spring.