How to feed currants in autumn, spring and summer: fertilizer for a better harvest

Those summer residents, on whose plots shrubs grow, sometimes do not understand what their plants lack. They think about the question of what experienced gardeners feed currants, what to add and how to do it right. There are many nuances, but it will not be difficult to deal with them.

How to understand that plants do not have enough fertilizer

Summer residents with experience understand this problem just by looking at the appearance of plants. With a shortage of elements, crops have signs by which they determine what exactly is missing in black, red and other types of currants.

Signs of lack of elements:

• Leaves begin to shrink and lose color, become paler. The plant practically does not bloom, growth is inhibited. The foliage turns yellow early, becoming red and orange. These signs indicate a lack of nitrogen.
• Foliage takes on a bronze hue, fades. Petioles and veins become reddish. Bushes do not bloom and do not bear fruit. Leaves fall early. Phosphorus needs to be added.
• The green mass turns pale, acquiring a purple hue. The edges of the leaves curl and fall down, begin to dry out. Deformation, curling on the leaves is observed. Currant lacks potassium.
• Ovary and leaves begin to fall off. The tops of the shoots die off and dry up. The root system inhibits development, new shoots are not formed, the old ones become thicker. Plants need calcium.
• Leaves are turning yellow and discoloring. The yield is reduced, the leaves die off. Need to add iron.

Gardener when growing currants should carefully monitor the appearance of plants. Signs of deformation that appear on the bushes do not always mean a disease. Sometimes plants signal a lack of nutrients.

Fertilization methods

It takes some summer residents several years to find the best way. Growing mistakes are made even by experienced gardeners. In a certain period, a different method of fertilizing is used.

Foliar

Through the foliage, the plant absorbs nutrients faster. For such top dressing, complex mineral fertilizers are used. They are dissolved in water and sprayed with currant bushes.

You should not treat plants only foliar, you need to alternate with root fertilizers.

Summer residents mix several drugs and spray bushes with them for prevention. This preventative treatment helps to avoid nutrient deficiencies.

Root

Irrigation with fertilizers under the root is most common. Gardeners water currants with diluted preparations, use folk remedies and organics. In addition, dry substances are laid out under the roots, which are also top dressing.

An important condition for feeding is strict adherence to instructions and dosage. Otherwise, the plant dies from an excess of nutrients or ceases to bear fruit.

When to fertilize bushes

There is a time limit for every feeding. It is necessary not to miss the favorable period for fertilizing.

In springtime

Summer residents are advised to alternate the methods of fertilizing. After the snow melts in spring, the soil is moist, so dry dressings are used. High nitrogen fertilizer required.

Nitroammophoska, calculation for 1 bush:

• depending on size 10-15g for blackcurrant;
• also 7-10g for red currants.

Dry feeding with urea:

• plants 2 to 4 years 50g;
• older - 25g, no longer recommended.

Currant at the age of 4 years practically does not need nitrogen. The growth of the bush is completed, so the consumption of the substance is reduced.

Nitrogen is contained in wood ash, its application under each bush will replace urea and other chemicals.

On the green leaf

Long vegetation period of the plant. At this time, different fertilizers are applied, be sure to alternate them. In July, during flowering, it is advisable to limit foliar top dressing, as bees are harmed by some substances that they collect with pollen.

The plant spends a lot of energy on the formation of the ovary, with a lack of useful elements, the berries can be small, tasteless or bitter. In summer, currants are fed with potassium and phosphorus. Fertilizers containing nitrogen are not excluded, only the dosage during the fruiting period is reduced.

At this time, plants need organic matter, they are fed by the root method. Prepare the infusion:

• 10 liters of water;
• 1 l mullein.

Stir well and water the bushes, one bucket is enough for 1m^2.

During the ripening period, summer residents recommend stopping feeding. They are renewed after harvest.

In August, some summer residents begin to feed currants in the winter so that the plants get the nutrients they need for wintering earlier. Minerals, folk remedies or organics are used.

Before wintering plants

Top dressing is carried out in the fall. After fruiting, the currant is weakened and needs to be replenished with nutrients. Plants require phosphorus and potassium.

Before wintering, 2 buckets of compost are brought under each bush. As a dry top dressing, granules of the HB-101 preparation are used. Its purpose is to stimulate growth, strengthen immunity.

Autumn feeding is carried out with the following composition:

• 40 g ammophos;
• 100g ash;
• 10 liters of water.

Stir thoroughly and apply under each bush. Young ones need 2 liters, older bushes need 5 liters of nutrient mixture to feed.

Any top dressing is carried out on moist soil, otherwise minerals can burn the root system, the bush will die. After processing, the earth is loosened and covered with a layer of mulch.

Nuances of top dressing of different types of currants

Each type of currant has its own characteristics. The culture is the same, but there are still slight differences. To have a good harvest of berries, you need to properly feed the plants.

Blackcurrant bushes fertilize less intensively. This is due to the fact that plants have a poorly developing root system, it slowly absorbs nutrients from the soil. Therefore, if the bush grows in one place for more than 6 years, top dressing is stopped or minimized.

Red and white currants develop much faster, their root system is formed at a depth. Therefore, for efficiency, root dressing is carried out using a ditch around the plants. This is how they achieve greater efficiency.

Feeding golden currants is not an easy process. It is very demanding on the composition of the soil. Therefore, dosed regular application of complex fertilizers is required.

Complex fertilizers

Manufacturers produce mixed plant nutrition to facilitate the work of gardeners. The main elements included in the composition:

• nitrogen;
• potassium;
• phosphorus.

But the summer resident should be careful when purchasing complex fertilizer. They are divided into spring and autumn. The difference is in the amount of nitrogen: a lot for spring, less for summer and autumn.

Phosphoric

The currants need these fertilizers during flowering, ovary formation, fruiting and laying fruit buds for next year.

Superphosphate is more commonly used. In autumn, under each bush put 1 tbsp. a spoonful of substance. Top dressing dry in rainy weather or liquid in dry weather.

If desired, potassium is added to phosphate, which is also necessary for plants.

Organic

A special part of top dressing is organic. Use all the tools at hand. Apply mainly in the spring. But summer residents, as a heater for the roots, spread compost or horse manure in the roots of currants. They do this after the ground freezes.

This protects the roots from freezing, and in the spring, after the snow melts, along with moisture, nutrients will enter the soil.

Decomposed manure

Applied to the soil, fertilizing the soil near the plants. The approximate amount is 1-2 buckets per bush. Then cover with a layer of mulch, protecting from drying out.

Bird droppings

It is brought under a bush for digging in a dry form. 1 kg per plant. The fertilizer is thoroughly mixed with the ground, since direct contact can cause burns to the root system.Sowing depth 15-25 cm. Some gardeners make liquid top dressing, spreading chicken manure in a ratio of 1:15.

Compost and humus

These fertilizers do not contain nitrogen, so they are used during the summer fertilization of plants. Often they are used as a layer of mulch, laying out a layer of 1 cm under the bush.

Urea

Applied in the spring, embedded in the soil in wet weather. Or diluted with water when dry.

Currant potato peels

The starch contained in potato peels is used to feed currants. To do this, take water, a bucket of potato peels, bring to a boil and let stand until cool.

Then currant bushes are poured with the resulting mixture. Approximately 3 liters per plant.

The second option for preparing the infusion. They take 1:1 water and cleaning, pour warm water and let stand for 30-45 days. The resulting fertilizer is filtered and diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10. Watered with 1 bucket 1 bush.

Folk remedies for fertilizing currants

Connoisseurs of he althy vegetables and fruits tend to do without the use of chemicals on the site. But currants need minerals. Without them, there will be no harvest, plants even die.

Use ordinary starch as a top dressing. 200 g pour 5 liters of water, bring to a boil. Dilute the resulting mixture in a bucket of water, pour over the bushes with currants. Use 2 liters of fluid per plant.

Bread crusts are used as top dressing. Fill with water in a ratio of 1: 1, let stand for 2 weeks. Then they dilute with water at the rate of 1:10, water the bushes.

Nitrogen fertilizers

They are purchased at the store, use organic matter or wood ash. Used as top dressing in the spring. In summer, it is advisable to use in smaller quantities so that the plants form ovaries, and not leaves and shoots.

Feeding currants with mineral fertilizers

Complex fertilizing with mineral compounds is used in spring and autumn. Only the percentage of substances is slightly different. It is important not to overdo it, as an excess of any substance will lead to improper development and even death of plants.

Feeding currants with ash

The effect of using wood ash is great, as it contains both nitrogen and potassium. Wood ash is a folk remedy.

For the first time, ash is added to the soil during planting. Then make every year before flowering. Calculate the following rate:

• for 1 bush of blackcurrant 150 g of the substance is enough;
• for all other varieties, the maximum quantity is 200 g.

Use wood ash as a dry top dressing or dilute with water and water the bushes under the root.

Feeding is an important process in the cultivation of currant varieties. It is important to consider the norm, not guided by the principle: the more the better.

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