Sea buckthorn: planting and care in the open field, how to grow with video

Gardeners are interested in planting sea buckthorn in the open field and caring for it. To obtain a stable crop, you must first properly plant the plant. High-quality berries will be born only on he althy bushes. Having planted a wild game, the summer resident is unlikely to wait for large and sweet fruits. And the taste and juiciness of the berries depend on the subsequent care.

How to choose he althy seedlings

When buying a seedling with an open root system, you should pay attention to the condition of the roots. They should be yellow-brown in color. At the same time, one (central) root is well developed. It is surrounded by formed fibrous roots.

When buying a seedling with a closed root system, turn the container over. If the tips of the roots are light in color and have grown through the holes for water drainage, the plant will easily take root.

Be sure to inspect the ground part of the sea buckthorn. Shoots should be well developed, tops should be intact.

How to tell male from female sea buckthorn

The optimal time for the procedure is the dormant period of the plant. At this time, the bushes look different. On the female - the kidneys are small, tightly pressed to the stem. They are covered by only 2 scales. Male plants have large rounded buds that are separated from the stems and branches. They are covered with up to 7 scales.

Male bushes have flat leaves, while female plants have a concave profile. In spring, female sea buckthorn leaves are bright green, while male ones have a bluish bloom. And the female bush blooms with small yellow flowers, the male flowers are green-silver.

Planting seedlings

Before planting sea buckthorn, preparatory measures should be taken. The speed of adaptation of the bush depends on their success.

Essential Soil

What kind of soil does sea buckthorn like, gardeners are interested. Under natural conditions, the plant bears fruit along the banks of rivers and streams, prefers neutral or slightly alkaline soils mixed with pebbles or gravel. The same soil is required to be created at the location of the shrub.

Optimal place for sea buckthorn

Before you plant a plant, you should remember how it grows in the open field in natural conditions:

1. The shrub lives along the banks of water bodies, chooses places well lit by the sun. And on the site should provide her with the sunniest and warmest place.
2. In the area where sea buckthorn is supposed to be planted, groundwater should not lie too close: the roots of the plant do not tolerate getting wet. But the root system of a plant rarely penetrates deeper than 40-50 cm. Therefore, groundwater is allowed at a distance of 60 cm or more from the surface.
3. Shrub does not tolerate cold winter winds. It should be placed in the country house in places protected from drafts: on the southern sides of buildings.
4. The plant has a sprawling root system, which lies shallow (40-50 cm). Therefore, shrubs or flowers planted nearby are perceived as oppressors.
5. Sea buckthorn is a wind pollinated crop. The male plant is placed on the windward side, and the female plant is placed on the leeward side.

Some gardeners plant shrubs around the perimeter of the site, behind buildings.

Disembarkation dates

Sea buckthorn is recommended to be planted in early spring (as soon as the soil warms up) and autumn (3 weeks before frost). During planting in the spring, the bushes are shaded for 2-3 weeks, in the fall, all leaves are removed for better survival.

Pattern and planting depth

In the garden for 1 male plant, it is recommended to plant 5-8 female bushes. Sea buckthorn should not be buried: from the root neck to the ground level there should be 5-7 cm. When placed, the distance between the bushes should be at least 3 m. This is required in order to provide sufficient area for plant nutrition.

What can be planted next to sea buckthorn

The shrub does not tolerate neighbors: its root system is superficial, not deep. And the crown of the shrub is quite sprawling, it obscures everything around. But trunk circles can be pulled back. Regularly trimmed, neat lawn under sea buckthorn looks beautiful.

Step-by-step disembarkation instructions

For quick survival, young sea buckthorn bushes need to be properly planted. How to proceed:

1. Prepare the landing pit in advance. Dig a pit measuring 0.4 x 0.4 x 0.4 m. Mix the excavated soil with mature compost or humus. After 2-3 days, add potassium and phosphorus and put it back into the pit. Top with plywood (to prevent erosion by precipitation).
2. Dig a planting hole. Drive a peg into it to tie the plant.
3. Then gently straighten the roots, place the sea buckthorn in the hole, cover with soil and tamp. Pay attention to the position of the root neck: it should be 5-7 cm above the ground.
4. Plentifully water the planted bush and mulch the near-stem circle.

When planting in the spring, shade the planting for 3-4 days.

Care for a young and mature tree

Growing sea buckthorn is a simple matter. The plant is quite unpretentious. Of the necessary measures - timely pruning. It is required to obtain large berries. At home, for varietal sea buckthorn, fertilizing and watering during prolonged drought is recommended.

Feeding

It is possible to grow buckthorn-shaped sea buckthorn without top dressing. But fertilizing increases yields.

How to fertilize sea buckthorn

Sea buckthorn is recommended to be fertilized with complete mineral fertilizer: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Nitrogen is contained in humus or compost (necessarily mature). Plants obtain phosphorus and potassium from bone meal or sifted oven ash.

Gardeners who don't want to bother with composting plant residues or don't have an oven can buy ready-made fertilizers and apply them according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Fertilizer after planting

Properly planted young sea buckthorn is provided with food for the next 3 years. It does not require additional dressings. The bush should be regularly fed from the 4th year of life in the garden. In the spring, nitrogen is required, and in the fall, potash-phosphorus fertilizers. It is recommended (to save time) to use a complete mineral fertilizer.

Timing and technology of seasonal top dressing

In the spring, nitrogen is required at the rate of 1 bucket of humus for 1 adult bush, distributing it throughout the trunk circle. At the beginning of summer, it is recommended to feed the plants with potassium-phosphorus fertilizer according to the instructions.

In October-November, it is recommended to apply a complex autumn fertilizer: it will help the bush to easily overwinter.

Water Regularity

The plant does not require frequent watering. It provides itself with moisture. But young bushes planted in spring require regular watering in summer. In this case, you should follow the rules: moisten the near-stem circle only after complete drying.

Mulching soil

Many gardeners prefer to grow sea buckthorn in grassy areas. In this case, the role of mulch is performed by ordinary lawn grass. But young plants require mulching of the near-stem circle. Dry cut grass, rotted sawdust, neutral peat are suitable for mulch.

If the grower wishes to use fresh sawdust or shavings, it is recommended that they be thoroughly watered with a solution of urea. This will prevent the outflow of valuable nitrogen from the soil.

When and how to transplant an adult sea buckthorn bush

Adult bushes do not tolerate transplantation well. The gardener will spend his energy digging up a plant that has an extensive root system. But the roots will still be damaged. Adult bushes planted in a new place most often die. An adult bush is dug up only if the gardener wants to propagate the plant by division. In this case, a he althy part with a developed root system is cut off.A delenka is planted in a new place.

There is an easier way to save your favorite shrub: plant rooted cuttings from an old plant.

Cutting pattern and technology

The formation of sea buckthorn begins immediately after rooting. The gardener must decide how he will grow it: a trunk or a shrub.

In the first case, a direct central branch is chosen in the first year, and all the rest are deleted. The next year, all branches are cut at a height of 60 cm. Then (in the third year) 2-3 strong branches are shortened, the rest are removed. For the 4th year, the pruning of the previous year is repeated.

When growing sea buckthorn as a shrub, choose 3-4 strong branches, cut the rest. Subsequently, 6-7 branches are left every year, the old ones are cut out. Sanitary pruning is recommended as needed, but at least 2 times a year.

Preparing crops for winter

The shrub does not require special care, but for a successful wintering of a young plant, you can insulate the trunk circle with dry leaves or peat. Timely autumn feeding will increase the winter hardiness of the plant.

Features of tree fruiting

The plant got its name because of the bright berries that densely dot (stick around) prickly shoots. The plant keeps the crop on the branches until the onset of cold weather. But the marketability of fruits with a delay in the collection deteriorates.

Pollinators

Sea buckthorn is a wind-pollinated plant. During flowering, pollen from the male flowers is carried by the wind to the pistils of the female flowers. In the absence of wind during flowering, it is recommended to carry out pollination on your own: a branch cut from a male plant must be carried over female sea buckthorn.

When sea buckthorn begins to bloom and bear fruit

Sea buckthorn is a fast-growing plant. The first fruits on wild plants will be born in the 2nd year of the shrub's life in the garden. And in what year the varietal shrub will begin to bear fruit, the breeders indicate in the description of the plant.

Ripening and harvesting dates

The berries are harvested when they reach the color and size characteristic of the variety. This usually happens between the end of July and the end of September. A ripe berry is juicy, it has a dense skin. When separated from the branches, the fruits retain their integrity. Berries accumulate the maximum amount of sugars and vitamins.

Shrub resistant to fruit shedding. Orange berries can decorate twigs until frost. But their taste deteriorates: the amount of sugar decreases, the berries begin to sour. The skin becomes thinner, the fruits burst. Overripe fruits do not produce high-quality blanks. Therefore, harvesting is required in a timely manner.

Nuances of agricultural technology in various regions of Russia

The shrub grows well and bears fruit in various regions of Russia. But when planting modern varieties, it is recommended to choose those that are bred for a particular region. Then the gardener will always have a bountiful harvest.

Moscow Region

Gardeners began to massively grow sea buckthorn in the Moscow region in the 70s of the last century. There was no talk of varieties, the usual buckthorn grew everywhere. The climate and soils of the region are suitable for the cultivation of sea buckthorn. Now breeders have created more than 60 varieties that are included in the State Register and are recommended for cultivation in the region.

Urals and Siberia

In the Urals and Siberia there are thickets of wild sea buckthorn, so local gardeners prefer to pick wild berries, rather than plant plants on the site. But breeders have created new varieties, their characteristics are better than those of wild ones.Gardeners place such shrubs in the country. When planting several cultivated female seedlings, it is acceptable to have a wild boy for pollination.

When planting varietal sea buckthorn, you should choose species zoned for Siberia or the Urals. Such a shrub will easily endure winters with low temperatures and strong winds. Caring for cultivated sea buckthorn growing in the Urals and Siberia follows the usual rules.

Middle lane

In the middle lane, the same varieties of sea buckthorn should be planted as in the Moscow region. The plant bears fruit well to the east and west of the Moscow region. But varieties created for regions with a warm climate freeze slightly in the middle lane in winter. They need to be carefully covered in the area around the trunk circles.

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