Plum Generalskaya: description of the variety, methods of growing seedlings and care with a photo

Plum has many varieties and varieties. One of the brightest representatives is the Generalskaya plum, the variety has good qualities for growing. It was developed for the lands of Siberia and the Urals, since plums do not grow there in their natural environment. It is resistant to frost, accumulates moisture, has strong immunity.

History of selection of the General Plum

Breeders from Siberia and the Far East worked on breeding the variety. They had to make a lot of effort to bring out the plum, which is adapted to the frequent frosts of these parts of the country.Scientists from the Research Institute of Primorye worked on breeding the variety in the 50s of the 20th century. Attempts were not successful for a long time. However, it was possible to create a tree of medium size, with good fruitful properties.

Variety description

Plum Generalskaya is usually small in size, gardeners consider it a shrub. Other trees and shrubs are planted next to it. Considered early. The first fruits ripen in the third year of development. Flowers and ovary are formed in the spring, the fruits ripen by the end of summer or the beginning of autumn. They form a lush crown, the branches are located close to each other, thereby creating the density of the tree.

Plum forms a dense stalk that prevents fruit from falling off.

What characterizes the culture

This plant is characterized by frost resistance, good heat tolerance, strong immune system. It rarely gets sick. Neighboring pollinators are needed for fruit set.

Frost and drought resistance

General plum is resistant to low temperatures. It calmly tolerates frosts down to -40 ° C, which is typical for Siberia and the Urals. It is unpretentious in watering and is able to cope with drought. The plum has a well-developed root system, with a lack of moisture, it nourishes it from the deep layers of the soil.

Insect and disease susceptibility

General plum has a good immunity to most of the characteristic diseases, rarely gets sick. It is recommended to carry out preventive measures for the safety and integrity of the fruit. At the beginning of the season, the tree is inspected for the presence of insect larvae, if any, then they are removed. When cracks and damage to the trunk appear, they are treated with copper sulfate and covered with garden pitch.

Preventive measures prevent the development of gray rot, red and brown spots, rust, cytosporosis.

Pollinators and blooms

The tree is self-fertile, for pollination it is necessary to plant the Ural red plum nearby. This variety is considered the most suitable in terms of flowering. General's plum blossoms at the end of May. The fruits are tied in the third year of its development, ripen for a long time. Harvesting is carried out in early September or late August.

Yields

The yield of the General Plum is high. About 30 kilograms of fruits are harvested from one tree. It has large, juicy fruits up to 40 grams each, a yellow drupe, a distinctive feature is a bright pink side stripe. The pulp is dense, juicy, sweet and sour taste. The bones are separated easily, small in size. The peel is dense, edible, sour in taste. Plum fruits are well and long stored, they retain their appearance for about 3 months.

Rules for the collection and use of fruits

The collection is carried out at the end of summer. The fruits are put in ventilated boxes, carefully so as not to hit. If the integrity of the fetus is damaged, it is stored less. For long-term storage, a cool place is perfect. Plum is widely used in the household. It is great for diet food, compotes, jams are cooked from it, prunes are prepared. Used fresh and processed.

Features of growing plums

General plum is unpretentious in care. For growing, you need to choose a good place with illumination. Planted in the soil, following certain rules.

Terms of landing operations

Landing is carried out in spring or autumn. It is recommended to choose the beginning of spring, since when planting in the fall, there is a risk of losing the tree if it does not have time to put down good roots. If the planting fell on the autumn period, it is necessary to insulate the near-stem area with fallen leaves or special fabric heaters.

Preparing seedlings and soil

To start planting, you need to acquire a seedling and choose a suitable place for it. When buying a young tree, it is important to pay attention to dry twigs, rotten root areas, traces of lichens, cut branches. A tree is chosen he althy with a strong trunk and good roots.

Choose a place inaccessible to drafts, with good lighting, without flooding the soil. Arrange it so that neighboring trees and shrubs do not block sunlight. The drain is unpretentious to the soil, the main thing is to create good drainage for the roots. The pit should be deep and wide, as the plant has large roots.

Technological process of planting

The seedling is planted as follows:

1. After digging a hole, a support stick is installed in its center, which will protect the tree from strong winds.
2. They fall asleep with a mixture of humus and earth.
3. Move the plant into the hole, after carefully straightening the roots.
4. Sprinkle the roots in layers, tamping each layer so that there is no empty space.
5. Wash the plum with warm water.
6. Apply organic or mineral fertilizers.

What care is needed for the general variety

In order for the plum to please with its fruits, it is required to observe the watering regime, prune branches, fertilize and spray.

Irrigation and fertilization

General plum loves moisture, it is watered every day during the dry season of summer, when the temperature drops, watering is reduced to 2-3 times a week.

It is also necessary to spray the leaves with water several times a week.

Top dressing is carried out with nitrogen-containing fertilizers from the age of three. Manipulation is carried out in early spring and autumn. While the plum is young, fertilize with natural organic compounds.

Spraying

For prevention, spraying is carried out three times in the spring. For this, copper sulfate 3% solution and urea are used. Spraying is carried out in March, April and May. Dates vary depending on the typical weather conditions of the growing region.

Crown formation

Plum is demanding for pruning dried branches. Thinning should be carried out quite often. Basal shoots are removed, as they reduce the fruiting of the plant. Plum spends its energy on the development of additional shoots, reducing the nutrition of the fruit. With dense growth of branches, they are thinned out so as not to interfere with the development of fruits.

Care of the front wheel

New shoots grow around the trunk and need to be trimmed. For the attachment circle, a heater is formed for the winter to protect the roots from frost. This is especially required for young trees.

Preparing for winter

Plum shows its high resistance to frost, three years after planting. Young specimens are covered. The basal part of the trunk is wrapped with moss when the first frosts appear. After the snow falls, the moss is trampled down, creating a snug fit to the tree.

At the end of the season, the tree is mulched to help deter bark-eating rodents.

General plum is unpretentious in care. A pollinator is needed to form ovaries. Plum gives a large number of fruits that are widely used in the household. They have a lot of useful properties, as well as pleasant taste. This plum variety takes root in all regions of the country, is resistant to frost, drought and characteristic diseases.

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