Peach Donetsk yellow: variety description and characteristics, planting and care, storage

Peach trees are very rare in the Middle lane. Traditionally, this culture is considered exclusively southern, and few gardeners dare to plant it if they are not completely sure of the weather conditions. In fact, among the many varieties there are those that are suitable for northern places. In this regard, it is worth noting the Donetsk yellow peach variety. Despite the frost resistance, it has good taste and other advantages.

Tree varietal features

The variety got its name thanks to the Donetsk Experimental Station, where it was bred by Lilia Taranenko and other breeders in 1960.Now it is called Bakhmutovskaya Research Station, and the variety is still propagated at its base for planting in the south of Ukraine and Russia (in the Rostov region).

The variety has the following description:

• high enough trees;
• the crown is dense, spherical;
• hardy,
• medium;
• begins to bear fruit 3 years after planting;
• leaves are large, lanceolate, dark green;
• flowers are lush, rich pink and crimson.

Due to its beautiful blooms, Donetsk yellow peach is often planted to decorate the garden, like other varieties of culture. The palatability of the fruit is also high:

• by size - medium or large;
• skin slightly pubescent, yellow, with a red spot;
• yellow pulp, juicy, sweet with slight acidity and pleasant aroma;
• suitable for consumption in any form.

Varieties

There are two types of Donetsk peach:

• yellow Donetsk;
• white Donetsk.

Both varieties are not very different from each other. They are frost-resistant, mid-season, give a fairly rich harvest of fruits. However, the fruits of the white Donetsk are smaller, their maximum weight is 130 grams. The flesh is white, slightly translucent, the stone has prominent dark veins. Also, this variety can bear fruit later than the yellow - for 4 years.

Pros and cons of peach Donetsk

This variety has a number of advantages:

• beautiful appearance;
• cold resistant;
• even after severe cold and freezing, it quickly recovers;
• does not require pollinators;
• large, delicious peaches;
• from one tree you can harvest up to 60 kilograms of crops;
• immature fruits are easy to transport.

However, there are some drawbacks that can prevent a good harvest:

• poor transportability of ripe peaches;
• Very susceptible to powdery mildew and curliness;
• prophylaxis against other diseases and pests is also necessary;
• drought intolerant.

Also one of the unusual features of the variety is that its fruits ripen unevenly. Each can have both ripe and still ripening flesh.

Specific tree cultivation

Planting the Donetsk yellow peach has many features. Without their knowledge, it is difficult to achieve a bountiful harvest.

Pick up time

When choosing the time and place of landing, you need to keep in mind that the Donetsk yellow peach still does not tolerate temperatures as low as -20 degrees.

So it is suitable for regions with mild winters.

The landing dates are determined as follows:

1. In cold climates plant in spring.
2. In warm places, you can in the fall, when the temperature has already set at +10, and the sap flow has stopped.

Peach cannot be clamped after strawberries, alfalfa, melons and nightshade crops.

Purchase of seedlings

For a tree to take root well, seedlings must be he althy and strong:

1. It is not allowed that parts of the roots are dried or rotten.
2. Greenish bark.
3. The grafting site is smooth, no damage.
4. Ideal seedling age is 1 year.

After purchase, dip the peach roots in water with a growth stimulator.

Preparing the seat

The landing technology directly depends on the season. For spring, a seat has been prepared since autumn:

1. Dig a hole half a meter deep and 70 centimeters wide.
2. Fix the support in the middle.
3. Mix the removed layer of soil with 7 kilograms of humus, rotted manure or compost, also add 300 grams of ash and 50 grams of potassium chloride and superphosphate.
4. Pour the whole mixture in the form of a mound into the hole.

If the soil is fertile enough, organic matter can be eliminated. The same applies to planting in the fall. In this case, the pit is dug up 2-3 weeks before the expected date and fertilized.

Scheme and disembarkation process

Planting peach seedlings does not require complex activities. It is carried out according to the following technology:

1. Place the seedling on a mound of earth and fertilizer, spread the roots evenly.
2. Fill with earth, make sure the grafting site is outside.
3. Tamp, while making a small ditch around the perimeter of the pit.
4. Pour 30 liters of water over.
5. When the water is absorbed, tie the tree to a support.
6. Mulch with a 10 cm thick layer of manure. However, fertilizer should not touch the plant itself.

Crop Care Tips

Peach Donetsk yellow can not be called unpretentious. It requires regular care, and it also needs to be prepared for wintering.

Irrigation mode

When watering, they are guided by the age of the peach, as well as the degree of drying of the earth. Within a month after planting, water the seedlings every 3 days, the volume is 1 bucket of water. In dry weather, do this more often - once every 2 days, you can already pour 2 buckets. Already adult peaches need 5 buckets, but if there was a lot of precipitation in winter and spring, then they do not do it right away. If it is not enough - since May. Watering should be no more than 2 times in 30 days.

Last watering - a month before harvest. The plant also needs water before overwintering. Then they pour up to 10 liters per 1 square meter.

Feeding and fertilizer

Once every 2-3 years, peach is fertilized with compost or humus. As for seasonal dressings, the first time a peach is fertilized in the spring. For this, diluted urea is used (before opening the kidneys) or urea and ammonium nitrate (after opening).

In the summer, when the fruits are formed and ripen, you can use a mixture of urea, an aqueous extract of superphosphate, potassium sulfide, ammonium sulfate and borax. They are bred in 10 liters of water. Preparing for winter also requires top dressing. 40 grams of superphosphate and 50 grams of potassium chloride are added per 1 square meter.

Cutting Features

Crop cutting is of two types:

1. To remove old, diseased or frostbitten branches.
2. Forming - after the buds have appeared, pruning is carried out to form a cup-shaped crown. Needed in the first 4 years.

Specific wintering

After watering, digging and top dressing, the soil is mulched with peat or humus, their layer should be 10-15 centimeters. Also, peaches are insulated with a frame made of cardboard or other material (bag, spruce branches) , it is fixed on special pegs.If the winter is warm, it is enough to sketch the earth so that it covers the trunk by half a meter.

Diseases and pests of peach

Most often, the plant is affected by leaf curl and powdery mildew. In both cases, the affected parts of the plant are cut off. To prevent powdery mildew after flowering, seedlings are treated with Topsin or Topaz. Bordeaux liquid will help against curliness, it is used in the fall.

Aphids are dangerous pests for peach. In case of severe damage, the plants are sprayed with appropriate preparations (for example, Karbofos). This must be done no later than 15 days before harvest. Insecticides are used to control aphids and other pests after bud swelling. After flowering, the treatment is repeated, but already together with antifungal agents.

Harvest and storage of crops

Unripe fruits are harvested for storage; if you use immediately - you can take immediately ripe.If the peaches are unripe, but he althy and whole, they retain their quality for up to a month and a half. They need to be wrapped in newspapers, put in boxes and left in a room with high humidity and a temperature of 0 degrees.

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