Grapes Amur breakthrough: variety description and characteristics, cultivation

Cold-resistant grape varieties are not so common, because this culture is thermophilic. However, varieties have been bred that can be grown in cold climates. Consider the description and characteristics of the Amur breakthrough grape, the history of its creation, the advantages and disadvantages, the technology of growing and caring for the plant, the features of protection against diseases and pests, and how to properly form grape bushes.

The history of the origin of the variety

Amur breakthrough is a cultivated type of wild Amur grape that grows naturally in the Far East and northern China.It was bred by the breeder A.P. Potapenko. In terms of cold resistance (withstands frosts of -35 … -40 ° С) and unpretentiousness, it is not inferior to its wild ancestor, but other valuable characteristics have been improved.

Grapes of universal purpose, with large dense clusters, belongs to table varieties. It has been in the State Register of the Russian Federation since 2022-2023, suitable for cultivation in all Russian regions.

Description and characteristics of grapes Amur breakthrough

The bush is powerful, growing rapidly, the leaves are large, light green in summer, red in autumn. Flowering of the female type, for better fertilization next to the bushes of the variety, the presence of bisexual grapes is necessary. Annual shoots mature well.

Clusters are larger than medium size, dense, cylindrical-conical in shape. The weight of each is 250-400 g. The berries are large, one-sized, dark blue, round. The weight of each is 4-5 g.

The fruits are fleshy, juicy, with an original memorable taste. Wine red juice. The peel is strong, with a touch. The fruits contain 1 medium sized seed. Withstand transportation, but are stored for a short time. Variety Amur breakthrough refers to early ripening. Productivity - 2 kg per square. m.

Pros and cons

Pros and consearly start of the growing season;early maturity;unpretentiousness;cold resistance, does not require shelter for the winter;dense clusters;universal use of berries;fruits are not damaged by wasps and do not crack.short shelf life;needs moisture, in arid regions it bears fruit poorly.

Subtleties of growing crops

Given the origin of the Amur breakthrough grapes and its features, it is necessary to take a responsible attitude to its planting and cultivation. The variety requires the correct meta location and planting.

When to plant

You can plant seedlings in spring or autumn, grapes tolerate autumn planting well, do not freeze in the first winter. The time of spring planting is at the onset of heat, when the earth dries out a little after the melted snow. In autumn, you need to plant 1 month before the onset of cold weather.

Choosing a seat

Amur breakthrough loves loose, well-fertilized, moist and acidic soils. It does not grow well on dry soils, therefore, in such cases, constant artificial watering is necessary. Grows in full sun or partial shade.

Boarding process

Planting pattern: 1.5 m in a row and 2 m in row spacing. Planted 1-2-year-old bushes. The dimensions of the landing pits are 0.8 wide and 0.6 m deep. The bottom is covered with a layer of drainage, covered with 1 bucket of humus and 1 kg of ash, mixed with excavated earth. A seedling is planted in the middle. Deepen it along the root collar. After backfilling with earth, water the grapes and cover the soil with vegetable mulch.

Features of care

Amur grapes, like varieties derived from a European species, need care. It needs to be watered, fertilized, trimmed. Only in this case it is possible to obtain the level of yield that the variety is capable of showing.

Irrigation and fertilization

Amur breakthrough needs a lot of moisture. Therefore, it is necessary to water not only the bushes after planting, but also those that have long taken root and bear fruit. In the summer heat, the grapes are watered from the moment the berries are set until the harvest.

Feeding is carried out 3 times per season: in spring, after the start of sap flow, before flowering and after fruit set. Grapes grow well on organic matter and mineral fertilizers.

Cutting

The variety is vigorous, without pruning the bushes thicken, the shoots grow strongly in length. In addition to formative pruning, every year, in spring or autumn, it is necessary to cut out excess, dry and frozen shoots. As well as damaged by diseases and pests.

Diseases and plant pests

Amur breakthrough is much better than European varieties, resistant to diseases and pests. But many gardeners carry out the prevention of mildew infection by spraying the bushes with copper-containing preparations.

Formation of vines

Vine formation pattern:

1. In the 1st year, 2 strong shoots are left.
2. For the 2nd year, 2-3 buds are left on each, the top is cut off.
3. On the 3rd of them, 2 large processes are selected, shortened to 0.5 m. During the summer, 2-3 shoots grow on each.
4. On the 4th top branch will bear fruit, it is cut into 10-15 buds. The lower branch is a replacement shoot, consists of 3 buds.

In the following seasons, the pruning scheme is repeated, the shoot that will produce berries in the current season is formed from 15 buds, the replacement shoot is made from 3 buds. So many 1-year-old shoots should remain on the bush so that the total number of fruit-bearing buds is 6-10 dozen.

Amur grape bushes are grown on a trellis, in a horizontal position. The main branches occupy 2 lower tiers of wire, young ones are tied vertically to the upper ones. The green extra vine is pruned in the summer, without waiting for the fall. Bushes do not need shelter for the winter.

The new cold-resistant variety Amursky Proryv is intended primarily for the cold regions of Russia and is considered promising for cultivation in unfavorable climatic conditions for the culture. The variety is productive, it is considered table, but the berries can also be used for processing, including for obtaining red juice, the yield of which is at the level of 70-75% by weight of the berries.

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