Rusven grapes: variety description and characteristics, planting and cultivation

Since ancient times, people have been cultivating grapes. The berry, soaked in the sun, was sung by poets, heavy clusters inspired artists and appeared in the paintings of great masters. He has always been a symbol of the sun, warmth and fun. Today, the vine is grown in different regions. The abundance of early varieties made it possible to grow grapes not only in the southern regions. For example, the Rusven grape variety takes root and bears fruit well in the Middle Volga and even in the Moscow region.

Description and characteristics of Rusven grapes

This variety was bred by the joint efforts of Hungarian and Russian breeders.It belongs to very early pink table varieties. The progenitors of the variety are Muscat de Saint Valle and R-66. Rusven grapes are distinguished by their height and power of shoots. It tolerates even frosty winters well, and in regions with a mild and temperate climate it can winter without shelter.

Rusven's clusters are large, with an average weight of 300-350 grams, the brush can reach a weight of 1 kilogram. They have a cylindrical or conical shape. Berries of a pink shade, oval, weighing 50-55 grams and a sugar content of 20%. The skin of the berries is thin. They are suitable for wine production and fresh consumption. Subtle, sage-nutmeg aftertaste appeals to consumers.

This is a high-yielding variety, with a ripening period of 110 days, regardless of the region of cultivation. The vine quickly acclimatizes and begins to bear fruit in the second year after planting. The clusters are perfectly stored, do not lose their presentation during transportation.

Main advantages and disadvantages

Rusven has found admirers among gardeners due to the mass of positive characteristics.

Pros and conshigh frost resistance of the variety - withstands temperatures down to -27 ° C;productivity;early ripening of bunches;taste characteristics;resistance to pests and diseases;unpretentiousness to the composition of the soil;transportability and keeping quality of grapes.with high humidity, the berries crack;the variety is very attractive to wasps, they eat out the contents of the berries.

Wine from Rusven has a piquant aftertaste. The clusters are characterized by uniform ripening.

How to grow a variety

Grapes are unpretentious, the vine takes root perfectly in a new place, early maturity allows you to get the first crop 2 years after planting.

Date and place

For the vine, a place is chosen on a hillock, protected from the wind. A drained area with deep groundwater is selected. You can place grapes under the protection of the house or outbuildings, at a distance of at least 1 meter from the walls.

Propagated by cuttings, which are planted in the ground in spring or autumn. For the northern regions, spring planting (in May) is preferable, so that the vine has time to get stronger and grow before autumn.

Fitting technology

It does not grow well in the lowlands, in wetlands. Gives the greatest productivity on fertile lands; if the soil is rocky, natural drainage is created for the vine. Grapes are sensitive to return frosts, in the middle lane and northern regions require winter shelter.

A pit for a seedling is dug 1 meter deep, with a diameter of 60-65 centimeters. At the bottom, a drainage layer of large pebbles or broken bricks and rubble is laid. Its thickness is 10-15 centimeters.

Next comes the soil mixture of fertile land, crushed stone and sand in the ratio: 3:1:0.5. Fill the pit with fertile soil, gradually compact it. The stalk is deepened so that 2-3 buds remain on the surface. Next to the pit, a stake is driven in to support the vine, after 1.5 meters another stake is driven in, serving as a trellis. Rusven - a variety with a tall vine, the distance between seedlings is about 3 meters.

Rules for crop care

Caring for Rusven is no different from caring for other grape varieties. Bushes need to be fed, the vine needs to be cut and protected from frost. It is protected from pests and diseases.

Irrigation and fertilization

When planting, cuttings are fertilized with ash or dolomite flour, complex mineral fertilizers are used according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The next time they are made in 2 years.

Important: do not use nitrogen fertilizers when planting, they inhibit the growth and development of roots.

For an adult vine, root and foliar (per leaf) top dressing is needed. In the spring, after the snow melts, nitrogen fertilizers are applied, before flowering, 2 fertilizing with complex fertilizer is carried out. Before opening the buds, the grapes are sprayed with a mixture of copper and iron sulfate and boric acid.

The next foliar application is done when the berry has reached the size of a pea. Use a mixture of potassium permanganate, urea, ferrous sulfate or a ready-made mixture of fertilizers. To increase sugar content, with an average size of berries, a potassium complex is added. After harvesting - phosphate and potash fertilizer. Humus is brought in for autumn digging.

In the middle lane and northern regions, grapes are watered only in dry summers. Pour warm water over it.

Cutting

No more than 40 eyes are left on one Rusven bush. Formative pruning is carried out in the fall, before sheltering the vines for the winter. Cut off shoots to mature vines. With the growth of several shoots from one place, the strongest is left, others are cut off. In the spring, damaged and diseased areas are removed.

Wintering grapes

For wintering, the vine is removed from the trellis, tied in bunches and placed in a trench prepared next to the bushes with a depth of 20 centimeters. They cover with burlap and sprinkle with a layer of earth of 25-30 centimeters. Or simply lay the bundles on the ground, cover with burlap, and on top with plastic wrap, and sprinkle the film with earth so that the shelter does not blow away with the wind.

Diseases and pests

Rusven is resistant to mildew and oidium (powdery mildew). They protect it from wasps by placing traps with sweet contents between the bushes, covering the clusters with gauze or placing them in fine mesh bags. You can smear the trellis with insecticide to poison the insects.

Cleaning and storage

The grapes are harvested in mid-August. Collection is carried out in dry sunny weather. There should be no dew on the clusters. They are carefully cut off without touching the berries. It is convenient to store grapes in boxes, at the bottom of which wood chips are placed. The brushes are laid loosely so that they do not touch each other. Topped with shavings and stored in a cellar or basement at a temperature of +2 … +4 ° С.

Growers speak well of Rusven, high yields and winter hardiness make it possible to grow grapes in regions with not too long and warm summers.

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