Giovanni grapes: variety description and characteristics, planting and cultivation

The appearance of zoned hybrid varieties makes it possible to grow vineyards not only in the south of Russia, but also in more northern regions. Giovanni grapes have advantages over other early ripening varieties. Large dark lilac clusters ripen on the vine, with berries of the same size, slightly elongated shape. The fruits have a dense skin and few seeds, a pleasant sweet-sour taste.

History of selection

Giovanni is bred in Russia. Parent pair: table varieties ZOS-2 (mid-season, sweet and sour taste, with red berries) and FVES-4-1 (early, with nutmeg taste, pink, large berries).

Description and characteristics of Giovanni grapes

Dessert table variety is characterized by a dense/loose cone-shaped bunch weighing up to 1.5 kilograms on one shoot. The color of a ripe brush is from rich lilac to black with a lilac tint.

Berries:

• finger shape;
• length - up to 35 millimeters;
• diameter - up to 22 millimeters;
• weight - 16-22 grams;
• dense skin, dark cherry color;
• flesh is fleshy and juicy, contains 25% sugar.

Dark green leaf with large cutouts. A tall bush with a strong and durable trunk and shoots has a well-developed, deep root system.

The ripening period depends on climatic conditions and care:

• in regions north of Moscow - up to 140 days;
• Central Black Earth region, Volga region - 120 days;
• southern regions - 100 days.

Resistant to some fungal infections.

Pros and cons of the variety

Pros and consshort growing season (early variety);large bunch size;taste, appearance and size of berries;transportability;frost resistance (the vine is able to withstand frosts down to -25 degrees);resistance to mildew and oidium.

The variety is sensitive to drying out of the soil. The lack of moisture and nutrients leads to the crushing of berries (peas). A developed root system and a strong vine allow the formation of an excessive number of brushes, which leads to spontaneous overload of the bush when they mature.In order to avoid depletion of the vine, autumn pruning is required. The plant has no immunity against grape aphids, anthracnose and gray rot.

Rules for growing crops

Giovanni needs standard vine growing conditions.

Date and place

In regions with warm winters, grape seedlings can be planted in late September, early October. In areas with early frosts, Giovanni is planted in late April, early May, when the ground warms up. The site should be sunny, protected from drafts.

Landing

For a seedling, a hole up to 90 centimeters deep is prepared, which is filled with a mixture of humus, black soil and sand (thickness - 20 centimeters), black soil (20 centimeters). Planted cuttings of grapes. Cover the roots with a layer of black soil (20 centimeters). Plentifully watered with settled, not cold water (10-15 liters).The remaining volume is filled with mulch: straw, dry grass.

Grapes are planted near house walls (distance - up to 1.5 meters from the wall), in rows, fixing shoots on trellises. The distance between seedlings - 2 meters in a row and 2 meters - in the aisle. Liana can be planted not only to harvest berries, but also for decorative purposes: around the gazebo or next to the arches.

Hub care

Giovanni needs minimal care:

• maintaining good aeration of the upper soil layer (loosening);
• removal of harmful plants (weeding);
• timely watering and feeding.

For preventive purposes, bushes are treated from fungal infection.

Irrigation and fertilization

Before the swelling of the buds under the grapes, potash and phosphate fertilizers are applied in a dry form, mulching with soil.During the formation of clusters, grapes are watered with organic or mineral fertilizers. From 30 to 50/80 liters of water are poured under the bush (depending on the intensity of vineyard cultivation).

Organic supplements include mullein infusion and ash decoction. For irrigation, a solution is prepared in a ratio of 1:10 (1 liter of mullein per 10 liters of water). Add 1 liter of ash broth to a bucket of water. When watering, use 1 bucket of mullein and 2 buckets of ash infusion.

Irrigation is carried out through an irrigation pipe dug in next to a bush or in prepared pits. Pits are dug at a distance of 50 centimeters from the trunk, to a depth of 30 centimeters. Potassium, nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers are used as mineral supplements.

Fertilizer consumption rate per 10 liters of water (in grams):

• nitrogen - 25;
• potassium - 50;
• phosphate - 50.

Irrigation requires 3 buckets of water with each ingredient. Watering with mineral and organic fertilizers has no differences. After soaking up the water, the pits are covered with earth.

During the summer, Giovanni is watered 2-3 times, 2-3 buckets per bush. After harvesting, the grapes are fed with complex fertilizer diluted in water at the rate of 30 grams per 10 liters per 1 bush.

Formation

Giovanni's vine needs to be pruned regularly so as not to weaken the plant with an excess of fruiting tassels. In the first year, 4 eyes are left on the seedling. On the second - 2 eyes on the secondary growth, on the third year - 4 eyes on the tertiary shoots.

Diseases and pests

On young grape leaves, under adverse climatic conditions, various types of fungal infection develop:

• downy mildew (mildew);
• powdery mildew (oidium);
• anthracnose;
• grey rot;
• black spotting.

Preventive treatment of grapes is carried out 3 times during the growing season with fungicidal preparations. The most dangerous pest of grapes is root and leaf aphids (phylloxera). Affected Giovanni bushes are uprooted and burned.

Cleaning and storage

Brushes of grapes are cut at the onset of full maturity, starting from the bottom row. Clusters are placed in boxes on a 2-3 cm layer of sawdust. Depending on the height of the sides, the Giovanni bunches are laid in one or two layers (sprinkling in this case with sawdust). Grape storage temperature - from 0 to +2 degrees, in a ventilated area, with an air humidity of 85%.

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