Neretinsky grapes: description of a non-covering variety, planting and cultivation

Many growers produce their own wine by planting technical grape varieties for this. But few of them are familiar with the recently bred Neretinsky grape, which gives a good harvest and is suitable for making wines. Therefore, it will not be superfluous to get acquainted with the features of the new variety, as well as some of the nuances of planting and caring for the vine.

History of selection

Neretinsky grapes - the fruit of the work of Russian scientists of the Research Institute. A. I. Potapenko. Two fairly popular varieties were used as a parent pair - Vitis amurenzis and Tsimlyansky black.To obtain a new species, breeders used the backcrossing method - backcross. As a result of the experiment, a non-covering, frost-resistant variety was obtained, which is not inferior to the "parents" in terms of quality and technical properties.

Description and characteristics of Neretinsky grapes

Neretinsky grape variety is distinguished by early-medium ripening and tall, strong bushes. The plant is able to grow up to 5 m. Green shoots darken by autumn, turning brown. From the age of two, the vines become covered with a flaky brown rind.

Large leaf plates are oval in shape. From the back, the surface of the foliage is smooth, from the inside - rough.

Description and properties of fruits are presented in the table:

2 gColordark purple or dark blue with a waxy coating on the skin Pulp Taste sweet and sourAcidity index no more than 6 g/l 23%

Cluster shape	conical
Weight 1 bunch	200g
Shape of berries	round
Weight of 1 berry
dense, juicy, giving about 70% juice, there are several seeds inside
	Sugar content

One of the reasons why growers rarely plant the Neretinsky variety is the low resistance of the mildew plant. In addition, only female flowers are formed on the bushes of this variety. Therefore, Neretinsky grapes should be planted next to varieties that have bisexual types of flowers.

But the Neretinsky variety is distinguished by good ripening of shoots, high yields, and the ability to withstand 35-degree frosts. Therefore, it is often purchased for cultivation by winegrowers in the Northern regions and Siberia.

Features of planting and care of the variety

For the cultivation of Neretinsky grapes, one-year-old seedlings up to 1 m high with powerful roots up to 30 cm long are purchased. A sunny, well-lit place, inaccessible to strong winds, is chosen for planting.It is good if there are barriers nearby that protect plants from drafts.

Neretinsky variety is well cultivated on soil with an average level of fertility. The plant is not bothered by groundwater that lies close to the surface.

The best time for planting seedlings is the beginning of spring, but the preparation of the seat is carried out in the fall. The site is dug up, removing the remnants of the roots of weeds. Then they dig a hole 0.8x0.8 m in size, 0.7 m deep. Drainage from crushed stone is laid at the bottom of the hole and more than half of the hole is covered with organic matter. In the spring, before planting, they form a mound by placing a seedling in it.

Neretinsky grape care consists of following the basic rules of agricultural technology:

1. Watering - the first time the plant is watered for 2 years after planting, pouring 1.5 buckets of water under each bush. In the future, soil moistening is carried out once a month.
2. Loosening and weeding - carried out before watering, so that the water is better absorbed.
3. Feeding. The first application is carried out in the spring, before the formation of buds, by treating the soil with an aqueous solution of potassium nitrate (10 g per 5 l). The second dressing - during fruit set - consists of a mixture of peat and compost, taken 1 to 1. In early autumn, superphosphate (60 g) diluted with water (14 l) is added.
4. Cutoffs. As they appear, dry shoots are removed. Stimulation of fruiting is carried out with the help of anti-aging pruning, leaving about 5-6 eyes on the vines.

Due to the high frost resistance Neretinskaya grapes do not require the construction of shelters for the winter. They cover only young shrubs of the first year of planting.

Mature plants tolerate winter well under thick snow cover, so they can not be removed from the support. Fear should be only returning frosts after the snow melts. During this period, the kidneys may freeze.But even in this case, the Neretinsky variety gives a high yield thanks to quickly recovering dormant and spare buds.

Protection from diseases and pests

Neretinsky variety is easily affected by downy mildew (mildew). You can fight it with the help of Bordeaux liquid. To do this, 60 g of the substance is dissolved in 12 liters of water and the bushes are sprayed.

Gray rot and oidium vines are much less afraid. But for prevention, plants are sprayed with colloidal sulfur, diluting 40 g of the substance in 8 liters of water. Neretinsky grapes are often attacked by birds and harmful insects (aphids, fleas). To destroy insects, preparations with a high copper content are used.

One of the most effective fungicides is considered "Oxy". Plants are treated with an aqueous solution (50 g per 10 l).

But chemical sprays are powerless over birds. Therefore, if numerous flocks of birds are seen near the site, it is better to cover the vineyard with special nets. Otherwise, 3 days is enough for pests to completely destroy the bushes.

Harvest and storage of crops

The first fruits of Neretinsky grapes can be obtained as early as 3 years after planting seedlings, and 4-year-old bushes will already give a fairly high yield. Harvest time depends on weather conditions. In the middle lane, this time falls at the end of August, the beginning of September. The southern regions are cleaning all September.

Before laying the grapes for long-term storage, the clusters are cleaned of rotten, dried berries. Store crops in a well-ventilated, cool, dry area.

Neretinsky grapes are not difficult to care for. The main thing is to adhere to all agrotechnical rules, treating plants from infections and pests in time. Then a rich harvest of delicious berries will not keep you waiting.

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