Wheat Bezostaya 100: characteristics and description of the winter variety, planting and care

The winter variety, created by the employees of the Lukyanenko National Grain Center, was sent for trial cultivation in 2014, and in 2022-2023 it was included in the register of breeding achievements. Immunity to infections, resistance to adverse climatic conditions, undemanding care, excellent baking qualities - these are the characteristics of Bezostoy 100 wheat, highly valued by Russian farmers.

Characteristics and description of the variety

Bezostaya 100 is an upgraded version of the popular Bezostaya 1 variety. It is a winter wheat with a soft grain ideal for baking purposes.The amount of protein in ripened products - from 15%, and gluten - not less than 28%. The variety belongs to medium-early ones, the growing season lasts 220-295 days. Wheat Bezostaya 100 is not prone to lodging, it is not afraid of drought.

By the end of the growing season, the semi-creeping plant reaches a height of 80-105 cm. In the tillering phase, the leaves are not pubescent, pale green, with a slight waxiness. The spikes are cylindrical, the stalks are short. The glume has a slightly curved tooth, a highly located, wide shoulder and a noticeable keel. The grain has an elongated ovoid shape, an uncovered base and a weakly expressed furrow. The weight of 1000 grains ranges from 38 to 45 g.

Experimental yield Bezostoy 100 - 99 centners per 1 ha. The maximum - 100.7 centners, was recorded in 2016 on public squares in the Stavropol Territory.

During 3 experimental years of cultivation, Bezostaya 100 showed a stable excess of the yield standard in the fallow field. The harvest of 82.2 centners taken from 1 ha turned out to be 3.7 centners higher than the variety Pamyat accepted as the standard.

Pros and cons of awnless wheat 100

The Bezostaya 100 variety is in demand among farmers, as it has many advantages:

• easy maintenance;
• not susceptible to root rot;
• resistant to hot and dry weather;
• can be grown after a cereal predecessor;
• with the requirements of agricultural technology taken into account, gives a high yield in adverse conditions.

Of the minuses, it should be noted:

• high cost of seed;
• drop in yield by 1 centner per day after the missed grain harvest due to the gradual destruction of starch.

Features of cultivation

Recommended areas for cultivation of grain crops - the North Caucasus, the Central Black Earth Region, the Lower Volga Region. Wheat Bezostaya 100 grows remarkably after cereal predecessors, including food corn. It also shows good growth when sown on buckwheat, food and fodder beans, potatoes, table and fodder beets. It is undesirable to sow Awnless 100 after barley, as the risk of root rot increases.

Recommended number of grains for sowing - 5 million per 1 ha. The best sowing time is from the last week of September to the end of the first week of October. It is undesirable to sow earlier, since the wheat will be very bushy, as a result, it may not survive the winter. And belated sowing will lead to the fact that the roots do not have time to fully form, they will die due to frost. If the deadlines could not be met, it is better to transfer the sowing to the spring.

Wheat Bezostaya 100 prefers chernozem soil, neutral or slightly acidic, rich in nutrients. For good wheat growth, the soil must be structured, breathable, and well permeable to water. The sown area must be loosened, leveled. The height of soil piles should not be higher than 8 cm. The fallow field should be fertilized, 25-30 tons of top dressing should be applied per 1 ha. Immediately before sowing, it is necessary to enrich the soil with a potassium-phosphorus complex in the amount of 10-15 t/ha.

Sowing wheat Bezostoy 100 should include the following activities:

• moldless soil cultivation with a deepening of 8-10 cm after the previous species not in the fallow field;
• treatment of seed with insecticides and fungicides;
• embedding grains to a depth of 5 cm with simultaneous compaction with a roller;
• harrowing.

Rules of care

Wheat Bezostaya 100 is not capricious, does not require special conditions. But to get the desired harvest, you still need to follow the rules of care.

The main thing is to apply nitrogen fertilizing on time. For "lean" soil, autumn top dressing with 30% nitrogen is required. At the beginning of spring, it is necessary to apply fertilizer with a nitrogen concentration of 60-70%. When the stem begins to grow, a preparation with a nitrogen component of 80-90% is required. The last top dressing in the season is carried out in the phase of the formation of ears, a 30-40% fertilizer is used. Feed the wheat according to the instructions written on the container of the fertilizer.

Also, for the full growth of wheat, it is important to get rid of weeds in time.

Protection from diseases and pests

Let's consider the resistance of wheat Bezostoy 100 to infections and insects.

Stabilitybrown and yellow rust+ Septoria powdery mildew +Fusariosis of ears +viral infection +basal bacteriosis -Helminthosporium root rot -ground beetle -bread beetle -cereal fly -

Harmful factor
+

Winter wheat is not susceptible to many infections due to frosts at the initial stage of development. But that doesn't mean culture can't get sick. The probability of damage increases with non-compliance with crop rotation, ignoring weeds, untimely top dressing, as well as sowing low-quality grains.

Signs of wheat infection - inhibition of growth and formation of ovaries, rotting of the ears and root zone of the stem.

In case of infection of wheat, fungicides are treated, for example, the drug "Fundazol". When attacking insects, use suitable insecticides. Preventive insecticidal treatment is also important. Usually, broad-spectrum systemic contact insecticides are used, for example, Fortran. In addition to dressing, to protect against insects, loosening the soil before sowing and processing the seed is mandatory.

Collection and storage

Harvest with a combine harvester in one pass. Wheat ripens in 8-9 months, so the optimal harvesting time is the second half of May and June. Humidity of mature grain should not exceed 17%. It is desirable that cleaning in one area does not take more than a week.

Before being sent to storage, the grain is cleaned, dried, disinfected with an insecticidal preparation in the form of an aerosol or gas. Humidity in storage should not exceed 70%, the optimum temperature is +6-8 °C. Good and constant ventilation is important.

Winter grain is stored for a maximum of 2.5 years. The optimal shelf life is 6 months. Periodically, the grain should be checked for the appearance of a fungal infection.

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