Spring wheat Aquilon: description and characteristics of the variety, planting and care

Spring wheat is one of the main food crops in the world. The cereal is used for the preparation of cereals, pasta, in baking. Spring cereal bran and straw are indispensable feed for farm animals. Spring wheat of the Akvilon variety was developed by German scientists. In 2013, varietal trials were completed on the territory of the Russian Federation, and the cereal was officially allowed to be grown in various climatic zones.

Description and characteristics of wheat

The main purpose of Akvilon spring wheat is baking production. Therefore, increased requirements were placed on valuable cereal during testing.

As a result, the following characteristics of the spring variety of the Akvilon cereal crop were revealed:

• herbaceous plant erect, medium height, resistant to lodging and grain shedding;
• rhizomes grow and develop quickly, which increases the resistance of the variety to prolonged heat and drought;
• grass prone to growth and tillering;
• straw standard, in the stage of aging acquires a golden hue;
• the ear is dense, white in color, cylindrical contour, with a strong wax coating;
• the top of the ear is covered with a short, thin awn;
• medium size grain, dyed, weight of 1000 seeds ranges from 32 to 37g;
• protein content in grain exceeds 18%, protein - up to 16%, gluten - up to 30%, glassiness - 81%.

The crop ripening period directly depends on the climatic and weather conditions of the growing region:

1. In the southern regions, harvesting occurs on the 76-78th day of the active growing season. In a temperate climate, the aging period increases to 84-85 days.
2. The yield of the variety is high, up to 34 centners per 1 ha. The maximum grain yield was 54 centners per 1 ha of land.
3. Aquilon grass is characterized by high resistance to heat and drought, easily tolerates daily temperature fluctuations.

Important! The soft wheat variety Akvilon is unpretentious in terms of growing conditions and care, it is grown in various climatic zones.

Pros and cons of the Aquilon variety

Like any cultivated plant, spring cereal has both advantages and disadvantages.

Dignity:

• excellent fruiting and yield;
• high characteristics of grain - classified 1-2 class, used in bakery production;
• resistance to weather and climate anomalies;
• spring wheat of this variety does not lodge when ripe.

The high protein content in the grain allows the use of cereals for the production of cereals. Among the shortcomings, weak immunity to certain types of fungal and viral lesions is noted.

Important! Spring wheat is often oppressed by weeds, which negatively affects yields, so soil treatment with herbicides is required.

Specifics of growing spring wheat

To get a high-quality and abundant crop of cereals, it is necessary to observe the correct crop rotation. The best precursors for spring cereals are sunflowers, legumes, perennial grasses, potatoes, beets and corn.

For sowing, selective, large grains are used, the average weight per 1000 seeds should not be lower than 35-36 g. Before planting, the seed undergoes heat and antifungal treatment.

The timing of sowing spring wheat directly depends on the growing region. The earlier work is carried out, the higher the yield of cereal crops.

1. Sprouting seeds in the soil begins at an average temperature, from +1 to +3 degrees.
2. Seedlings are more demanding on the daily temperature regime. At +15 degrees, sprouts appear 6-7 days after sowing, and at +5 degrees, seeds take up to 20 days to break through to the soil surface.
3. At the time of seed germination, spring wheat can withstand temperatures as low as -13 degrees, and during flowering - only as low as -2.

The vegetation period of a spring cereal is limited, but quite intense. Therefore, cereals are planted in well-prepared, fertilized soil, rich in organic and mineral compounds. The culture also makes high demands on soil moisture.

Crops of cereal crops are carried out by a cross or narrow-row method. The seeding rate of planting material also depends on the region of cultivation:

• in the steppe zones and in the southeast, up to 160 kg of seeds are used per 1 hectare of land;
• in chernozem zones and forest-steppes - up to 210 kg of seeds per 1 ha of sown area;
• in Western Siberia and the Far East - up to 200 kg of grain per 1 ha of land.

Sowing takes place with a seed depth of 3 to 8 cm, depending on the fertility and structure of the soil.

Important! Spring wheat varieties Akvilon are not planted in soil with a high acid content. Under such conditions, culture stops its growth and development, and subsequently dies.

Crop care

During the growing season, the grass is fed, irrigated and preventive measures are taken to remove weeds. Top dressing is carried out 2-3 times per season, using nitrogen-containing and mineral fertilizers. Irrigate the crop as the soil dries out. When weeds appear, special chemicals are used.

Protection from diseases and pests

Fungal and viral diseases spread quickly in plantings and can lead to complete crop loss.

Spring wheat is susceptible to the following diseases:

• yellow, stem and brown rust;
• septoria;
• netted, yellow and fusarium spotting;
• fusarium spike;
• Helminthosporium spotting;
• fusarium root rot.

To protect plantings, wheat is treated with fungicide-based preparations. To combat harmful insects, chemical and biological means of protection are used.

Important! The fight against diseases and harmful parasites is completed 2-3 weeks before harvest.

Harvesting and storage of crops

On an industrial scale, grain harvesting is carried out in a mechanized way. On private household plots, in gardens and orchards, wheat is mowed by hand.

The harvested cereals are sent for processing or storage in special granaries or an elevator.

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