Despina barley: variety description and characteristics, seeding rate and cultivation
Barley is a valuable food crop. It is used to make various types of cereals, feed additives for farm animals and poultry, and is used in brewing. In the old days barley, obtained from barley, was called pearl groats. There are winter and spring varieties of cereals. The story about the features of the spring barley variety Despina will be useful for agricultural producers.
Despina description and characteristics
German m alt variety. Spring barley of high yield, grown in Russia and Ukraine. Optimal for growing in the Nizhny Novgorod region. The growing season is 75-85 days.
Refers to intermediate barley. The sheaths of the lower leaves are not pubescent. Flag leaf ears with medium to strong anthocyanin coloration. With a medium or strong waxy coating on the vagina. Short or medium-long plant. Barley with an ear of a cylindrical shape, loose or medium density, with a wax coating (weak, medium). Awns with medium anthocyanin coloration, serrated, longer than the ear. Large or very large grain. The weight of 1000 grains is 42-54 grams.
Pros and cons
The benefits of the Despina variety include:
- High yield variety.
- Friendly early germination of seeds.
- Quality m alt characteristics.
- Possibility of late sowing.
Of the shortcomings noted:
- Medium drought tolerance.
- Strong susceptibility to helminthosporiasis.
Despina barley is not prone to powdery mildew and crop lodging. Resistant to net blotch and rhynchosporia.
Normal and seeding pattern
Despina's spring barley is sown in narrow row and cross ways. Narrow row is that the width between adjacent rows is 7-8 centimeters. With the cross method, grains are sown into the soil first along, then across the sown area. In both cases, uniform seeding density is achieved.
The best for spring barley are fields previously planted with potatoes and corn. Areas previously occupied by tilled crops are cultivated with cultivators. Despina is not sown after legumes; such predecessors are undesirable for brewing varieties.It is possible to sow cereals in pure fallow. It is not economically profitable to sow cereals in one place for more than 3 years in a row.
Seed consumption depends on the region where the cereal is grown, the quality of the soil. It ranges from 3 to 6.5 million grains per hectare. In the southern regions, the figure is from 100 to 160 kilograms per hectare, in the Far East and Siberia - 160-200, in the Non-Chernozem zone - 240 kilograms. Barley does not grow well in acidic and alkaline soils. For a good harvest of barley, a soil with a neutral pH (6.8-7.5) is needed.
Rules of care
Before storage, the seeds are treated to protect future shoots from various types of spotting, root rot. Barley is sown between March and mid-May, depending on the region.
In autumn or spring, before sowing seeds, mineral fertilizers, nitrogen (ammonium nitrate, urea), phosphate (superphosphate), potash (potassium sulfate) are applied to the soil.They help the growth and development of plants, the ability of crops to resist fungal infections. During the growing season produce additional top dressing.
Spring barley is heavily infested with weeds. Agrochemicals are used to remove harmful plants. Treatment of crops with herbicides is carried out after the emergence of seedlings of the culture. The use of herbicides according to the manufacturer's instructions does not affect the quality characteristics of the grain, it helps to increase the yield. Fungicides are used to protect against fungal infection at different periods of the growing season (up to 3 times per season).
Fight against insect pests by observing the optimal sowing dates, crop rotation, choosing resistant varieties.
Cleaning and storage
Harvesting is done 75-85 days after the appearance of the first shoots.Grain moisture should not exceed 20%. Harvesting is done in dry sunny weather, with minimal soil moisture. Cleaning duration - 1.5-2 weeks, at a temperature not lower than +18 degrees. When assembling, take into account the height of the cut of the ear (standard - 15-30 centimeters) and the direction of the ears.
Before being placed in storage, barley grain is winnowed - it is cleaned from the remnants of weeds, soil particles. Additionally, the grains are dried in dryers, exposed to hot air.
Optimum storage temperature: +9-10 °C, humidity for m alt varieties - no more than 8%. With an increase in humidity and a decrease in temperature, the shelf life of grain is significantly reduced, and quality characteristics deteriorate. Grain moisture content and temperature are periodically measured in storage facilities.Compliance with the rules of storage allows you to save the quality characteristics of grain for several years.
Despina spring barley has become one of the most popular m alt varieties due to its high yield and quality characteristics.
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