Types of cabbage: names, what are the varieties with a photo

Cabbage is one of the most popular vegetables. Many people use it for marinating and preparing pickles with salads. There are different varieties of cabbage that you can grow on your property.

It contains a huge amount of vitamins and other useful substances that take part in metabolic processes and improve human immunity. It is low in calories, which is why it is often used to treat the gastrointestinal tract and during diets.

Main species

To find out what types of cabbage are, you need to familiarize yourself with their main varieties and names. Types of cabbage and their characteristics will help people without experience to study in more detail the features of these vegetables. There are three main types, which include:

1. Head of cabbage. It differs in a very overgrown and developed kidney, which is based on a small head of cabbage. It is from him that the fetus begins to form. This species is quite popular among vegetable growers and is grown much more often than all other varieties. The whole fruit, except for the head, can be used for cooking.
2. Colored. The formation of the head is carried out with the help of overgrown shoots, which include a large number of formations that outwardly resemble an air soufflé. Cauliflower has an uneven surface and excellent taste.
3. Sheet. The main fruit is formed by leaves that begin to grow from the stem itself. A distinctive feature of leafy fodder cabbage is that it does not have a core base at all. This vegetable is eaten whole.

White head

Distinguished by its resistance to low temperatures and love of light and moisture. To grow white cabbage, you need to choose a site with the most fertile soil. The heads of the plant can have a different size and shape. They are conical, flat and rounded. The weight of heads of cabbage depends on the variety and cultivation characteristics. It can vary from 0.5kg to 10kg.

It is recommended to grow white cabbage at a temperature of 20 degrees. Young seedlings withstand short-term frosts, but it is not recommended to grow cabbage in low temperatures.

Recently planted seedlings withstand frosts in the region of -5 degrees. The grown plant copes with temperatures of at least -8 degrees.

This type of cabbage does not cope well with high temperatures. If the temperature exceeds 30 degrees, then the formation of new heads will completely stop. To stimulate the appearance of fruits, it is necessary to water the plant regularly.In the first few weeks after planting, watering should be moderate. However, over time, the flow of moisture will have to be increased.

A distinctive feature of the white-headed plant is light-loving. If the cabbage is planted in the shade, then it may die over time. Therefore, you should not grow it near tall fruit trees that can cast a shadow.

Young seedlings actively suck out nutrients such as phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium from the soil. After transplanting seedlings into open ground, it consumes only nitrogen, and during the formation of heads - phosphorus and potassium.

You need to feed the bushes if they are grown in peat or sandy soils. If it was planted in loamy soil, then no fertilizer is needed.

Red Head

When compared with white-headed species, it is distinguished by its resistance to pests, diseases and extreme cold. Red cabbage is not very popular in our country. Most often it is grown in non-chernozem zones.

It has dense and small heads of cabbage with purple leaves. Sometimes there are varieties with leaves painted in blue or purple. The shade of the leaves depends on the coloring matter that is in them - anthocyanin. In addition to color, it also affects the taste of the plant.

If the bushes are grown in acidic soil, then their leaves turn red. In alkaline soils, they turn blue. Pictures of cabbage grown in different soils show these differences.

Different varieties of red cabbage may ripen at different times. On average, the fruits ripen for about 150 days. However, early varieties can ripen much earlier. It is planted in the same way as the medium-late varieties of white cabbage.

It is mainly used in cooking during the preparation of salads and other he althy dishes. Its fruits are a little tough and therefore many people only consume it raw. To make cabbage less tough, pour boiled water over it.

Colored

Contains a huge amount of biological substances and vitamins. It also contains little fiber, so it is recommended for people with liver and gastrointestinal problems. Cauliflower is much better absorbed by the human body than other varieties of vegetables.

The bushes of the plant have a cylindrical stem that grows up to 70 cm. The leaves have a greenish tint and elongated petioles, there is a wax coating on their surface. Also during growth, small yellow flowers appear on the bushes. Cauliflower fruits are presented in the form of a cylindrical pod with black or brown seeds. Adult cauliflower bushes look very beautiful. To see this, just look at their photos.

It is recommended to grow bushes at a temperature of about 20 degrees. If it falls below 10, then they will develop more slowly.During the cultivation of this plant, it is necessary to carefully care for it. Cabbage loves moist soil, so you will have to water every few days. If there is not enough moisture in the soil for three days, then the cabbage heads will begin to crumble. Each square meter of a plot with bushes must be filled with 20 liters of water.

Recommended to feed the plant regularly. For the first time, you need to fertilize the soil a week after planting the seedlings. For this, mullein, nitrophoska and other mineral fertilizers are used. The next feeding is carried out 2-3 weeks after the first.

Broccoli

It has a lot in common with cauliflower in terms of appearance and taste. The main differences include the amount of nutrients, which are several times more than in other species.

Asparagus head comes in purple, green, white and sometimes blue.The largest head is located in the center of the stem. If it is removed, then lateral heads of cabbage will begin to grow from the leaf sinuses. This technique is used to increase yields and prolong fruiting.

The main advantages of broccoli are resistance to temperature changes and low requirements for soil indicators. The only soil that is not suitable for asparagus kaputa is acidic.

When planting seedlings, certain requirements must be followed. Between the rows, a distance of 50-60 cm should be made, and between each bush - 30 cm. You also need to properly care for the cabbage. It needs regular watering, fertilizing and loosening the soil.

Medium-ripening varieties are especially popular among vegetable growers. These include Atlantic and Greenia with a ripening period of about 115 days.

Savoy

This plant is a type of cabbage. In the first year, the seedlings form a small stem, which may be cylindrical or spindle-shaped. It is on it that the first heads of the plant are formed. The leaves are painted green, sometimes a weak coating appears on them, due to which the surface becomes bubbly. Over time, yellow flowers and fruits appear on the bushes.

The taste and appearance are reminiscent of white cabbage. The only major differences are the frilled, veinless leaves and loose heads.

There are different varieties of Savoy cabbage that differ in ripening time. Early varieties ripen within three months after planting. Before landing, you must carefully study their photos and names. These include:

• Golden - large heads of cabbage weighing more than one kilogram are formed on it;
• Anniversary - cabbage with this name has fruits that are prone to cracking and weigh about 750 grams;
• Julius - the hybrid belongs to ultra-early varieties, ripens within 80-90 days.

Mid-season varieties may take more than 120 days to mature. Recommended to grow:

• Melissa - has a high yield and large heads of cabbage weighing about three kilograms;
• Sphere - the fruits of this variety do not crack over time and weigh 1-2 kilograms.

Late varieties ripen for quite a long time - about 150 days. Every lover of late varieties should study these types of cabbage with a photo. Among them, the most common are:

• Verosa - a hybrid known for its resistance to low temperatures;
• Vertyu - a variety with very large fruits weighing more than three kilograms;
• Morama - bushes are distinguished by their large heads and perfectly smooth leaves.

Beijing

Is the oldest type of cabbage, which is quite popular because of its ease of cultivation. Even when growing a plant in a seedless way, you can get a good harvest.

The bushes are covered with whole sessile leaves, the height of which reaches 30 cm. With their help, a rosette is formed, which has juicy and thick petioles.

Possesses good resistance to fairly low temperatures. It copes with small frosts down to -5 degrees without any problems. However, under such conditions, the bushes will not be able to develop normally, therefore, for their cultivation, it is necessary to maintain the temperature within 15-20 degrees. If it exceeds this indicator, then burns will appear on the leaves.

During the care of Beijing cabbage, it is necessary to regularly process the bushes, loosen and water the soil. You should also periodically mulch the soil to reduce the number of weeds.

Conclusion

There are a huge number of varieties of cabbage that you can grow on your own in your summer cottage. Before you start planting, it is recommended to study cabbage varieties with photos and descriptions in advance in order to choose the most suitable plant for yourself.

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