Cauliflower diseases: description and treatment, fight against them (photo)

Cauliflower diseases interfere with the ripening of large, tasty fruits in the garden. They vary depending on the degree of infection and its type. Every gardener should know how to protect the cauliflower crop in the open field and in greenhouses from diseases and pests. It is necessary to know all the signs of the disease in order to properly fight them. It is best to take all preventive measures in advance to protect cabbage from pests and diseases than to try to get rid of them later.

What harmful insects attack

Cauliflower pests cause particular damage to the crop. They settle there, while still being larvae, and suck all the juices out of the vegetable.

Major insect pests:

Aphids. The larvae cause the leaves on the cauliflower to curl up. They eat all the juice, stopping the growth of heads. Often aphids attack in flocks.
Flea. Gnawing leaves of young seedlings. Because of the attack, the cabbage dies, dries.
Slugs. Snails and slugs are the main enemies of the vegetable. They prevent fruit from developing.
Caterpillars. Butterfly scoop lays eggs on leaves. Caterpillars appear from them, which gnaw leaves, then settle in heads of cabbage.
Bug. Their saliva is detrimental to greenery. They suck the juices from the cabbage leaves, stopping the development of the fruit.
Leaf beetles. Large holes are left on the leaves.
Moth. Lays eggs in spring. It hides deep, damaging the growing point of the vegetable, eats up all the juice of the plant, depriving gardeners of productivity.
Fly. Lays eggs on stems, attacks in packs.

Knowing what harmful insects look like, you can prepare solutions for their destruction.

How to deal with insects

If larvae, eggs or insects themselves are seen, then measures must be taken to save the cabbage from pests. The fight against them should be aimed at the expulsion of uninvited guests, and the improvement of foliage and fruits.

The very first treatment should be before the appearance of pests. If you spray a he althy plant for prevention with special solutions bought at a garden store, then there is a chance to prevent them from appearing in the beds.

If fly eggs are found, the cabbage is treated with thiophos. This drug is diluted in water according to the written instructions. The moth is destroyed with chlorophos, calcium arsenate, or a solution of anabazine sulfate. Aphids are also destroyed by the same means.

Slugs and caterpillars are harvested by hand and then burned. Then the leaves are treated with Bazudin, Actellik or Diazinon.

Fleas, bedbugs and leaf beetles cannot withstand strong chemical solutions of Aktellik and Bankola.

Known methods of getting rid of pests by folk remedies. They are passed down from generation to generation. For example, tobacco leaves are boiled for several hours, filtered, diluted with soap and sprinkled on greens. You can also sprinkle with mothballs with sand, or watering with slaked lime, ash is also good.

Fungal diseases

A common cause of infection with fungal diseases is the appearance of a fungus due to too high humidity, or acidity of the soil. These include the following diseases.

Black leg. In the affected plant, the stems dry out and the roots become thinner. The root system is all black.
Fusariosis. Cabbage leaves turn red, and are often orange in color. They dry out, can curl, become wilted.
Qila. The fungus attacks the root. The plant becomes dead, growth stops. Brown growths appear on the roots, which interfere with normal nutrition and development.
Mosaic. Foliage is covered with spots, they have dark outlines, and must be removed. They dry quickly, so they can no longer be eaten.
Grey rot. Dark spots and rot appear on cabbage.
White rot. Mucous discharge appears on the vegetable, the leaves turn yellow. Sick heads should be thrown away or burned immediately.

It is necessary to take care of the culture in advance so that all the fruits do not have to be thrown away. As soon as suspicious leaves or stems are noticed, it is immediately necessary to buy medicines for unwanted diseases. If she is well protected, there will be a wonderful harvest.

Bacterial diseases

Knowing what bacterial and viral diseases exist, you can protect cauliflower from them.

Quite often, cabbage can suffer from vascular bacteriosis. Infected cabbage has purple leaves, and yellowness towards the middle of the leaf. It begins to curl, the grid on it becomes dark lilac. If infection occurs at the beginning of ripening, then it does not allow the fruits to form. They dry before your eyes. Such a plant is very fragile, it dries quickly, fades. Basically, this infection is brought by insects. That is why the fight against them and diseases at the same time is necessary for the quality cultivation of the crop.

If the cabbage turned purple, slimy rot with an unpleasant odor appeared on it, and wet mucus appeared on the foliage, then this is a slimy bacteriosis. The disease occurs during the flowering period. First, the leaf is affected, it curls, darkens, becomes covered with rotten traces. Then the disease passes gradually to the root and head of cabbage. All this is watery, and smells bad. Such a vegetable cannot be eaten, so it is immediately thrown away and measures are taken to destroy the remnants of the infection, that is, they treat the soil. It is necessary to monitor whether there are pests: flies, aphids. Since they, too, can participate in the transfer of the virus. Alirin and Gamair are the best remedies for this disease. You can also spray with copper sulfate for prevention.

How to distinguish lesions on cabbage

You need to be able to determine why cauliflower is not growing the right size. Cabbage leaves curl and turn yellow.

If the cauliflower turns pink, it may be from too strong sunlight, or from a fungal infection on it. This is worth noting in time to start the fight against the disease.

If an aphid, leaf beetle, bug or slug sits on a vegetable, then the leaf withers immediately, becomes dry and not juicy. All due to the fact that insects eat all the juice from the plant, and it can no longer grow normally. If the leaves curl up, then this is definitely a sign of the appearance of pests.

After all, with fungal and bacterial diseases, spots mainly appear, the color and smell of foliage change.

What to do if the cabbage is often sick

By the way this crop yields from year to year, it can be determined whether cabbage often gets sick. What to do if you can’t get a decent harvest in any way, the lower leaves constantly wither, the head turns yellow, caterpillars and flies attack.

Experienced summer residents are constantly fighting for their crops, not making mistakes in growing. Cauliflower should not be planted in the place where there were infected plants in the next five years. Deep processing of the soil, burning, and rest of the earth are needed.

If cabbage leaves turn yellow quite often, then this is a sign that either there is not enough vitamins, or it is sick with some kind of fungal disease. Take measures to find out the problem, and have it fixed by visiting a specialized store.

Prevention measures that gardeners should take

To prevent the death of cauliflower, all gardeners need to take note of preventive measures. They should always know how to treat or spray a given crop.

It is necessary to plant in the garden those varieties that are least susceptible to various diseases, have strong immunity.Such varieties will not be afraid of aphids, slugs, caterpillars. In order to prevent the spread of aphids, caterpillars, fungal diseases, you need to know what to spray this or that product from. The peculiarity of white cauliflower is that its infections are not transmitted by seeds, but through harmful insects and soil.

This is why careful tillage is so important. It must be loosened more often, weeds must be removed, and the types of larvae in the ground should be monitored that are unnecessary to burn. Do not forget to inspect the leaves of cauliflower as often as possible. The onset of a disease is always easier to prevent than to throw away spoiled fruits.

Every gardener should know about diseases and pests of cauliflower. If the plants are properly processed, then the cabbage becomes protected from environmental influences. And then an excellent harvest and wonderful delicious dishes from this vegetable are guaranteed.