Cucumbers in the open field in Siberia: cultivation, when to plant, varieties

Siberia occupies most of the territory of Russia, the weather in this area does not imply the cultivation of crops. Cultivation of cucumbers in Siberia is complicated by adverse weather conditions. Since warm weather is relatively short, this time is not enough for the full growing season of cucumbers. Most often, the cultivation of this crop in the northern latitudes is carried out in greenhouse conditions. When to plant cucumbers in the north to get a good harvest? It will take a lot of effort to grow cucumbers.

How to choose the right variety to grow

The most important thing to pay attention to when growing cucumbers for seedlings in northern latitudes is the choice of variety. Currently, breeders have managed to develop varieties that can tolerate cold weather and sudden changes in temperature. When choosing planting material, you need to rely on indicators such as state analyzes and zoning in the northern regions. Such cucumber seeds are more resistant and can bring a good harvest even when planting cucumbers in open ground.

Which varieties are considered the best for Siberia?

The best varieties of cucumbers for Siberia:

Altai

Altai is an early maturing variety suitable for Siberia. Pollinated by bees. It can be planted both in greenhouse shelters and in the garden in the beds. The main difference is resistance to a sharp drop in temperature. Immunity to diseases is average. Ripe fruits are suitable for s alting whole.

Altaic

Cucumbers grow well even with sharp drops in temperature. Early ripe variety, vegetables ripen en masse. Cultivation of cucumbers in open ground is preferable. Vegetables can be used to make fresh salads.

Cascade and Flash

These two varieties of cucumbers have a similar characteristic. It can be grown both in beds and in greenhouse conditions. The yield is high, from 1 square meter you can collect from 7 to 15 kg of fruit. The shape of cucumbers is elongated, cylindrical. Periodically, the bushes need to make mineral and organic fertilizers. Used for summer salads and pickling.

Clavdia F1

First generation hybrid. In Siberia, cucumbers are planted in open ground. Plants are self-pollinating. Productivity can reach up to 26 kg from several bushes. There is no bitterness in taste, vegetables are covered with small tubercles. Ripe cucumbers can be put in salads, as well as s alted.

Hermann F1

Also a first generation hybrid. Like Claudia, it belongs to self-pollinating varieties that are suitable for growing in Siberia. As a result, the yield is high. Refers to early varieties. Herman's main advantage is resistance to many "cucumber" diseases. Planting seedlings is carried out in May. Cucumbers canned whole and added to salads.

Manul

Cucumbers of domestic selection. The fruits are elongated, they can reach 25 cm in length. Ripening begins 70-80 days after planting the seeds; inflorescences can only be pollinated by bees. Very fruitful. The bushes themselves are female plants, you will have to plant pollinating varieties.

Miranda F1

The main advantage of this cucumber variety is resistance to frost and powdery mildew. Cucumbers can be grown on any soil, but the best harvest can be obtained if seedlings are planted on fertile soil.

What are the best yielding varieties?

The most productive varieties of cucumbers:

Firefly;
Serpentine;
Smak;
Champion;
Apogee F1;
Brigantine F1.

You can grow these varieties of cucumbers in a greenhouse or in open ground.

When to plant cucumbers in Siberia

For planting in the Siberian climate, it is important to choose the right time for planting cucumber seedlings. Summer here is much shorter compared to the southern regions. When to sow seeds for seedlings and how to choose planting dates for 2022-2023?

Cucumber seeds can be sown in heated polycarbonate greenhouses in April. The most favorable time is mid-April. For outdoor cultivation in Krasnoyarsk, it is better to choose the beginning of May.

Cultivation of cucumbers in a greenhouse and greenhouse in Siberia

How to grow cucumbers in the difficult climatic conditions of Siberia? Not every gardener can afford to build a greenhouse, so you have to come up with ways to grow cucumbers in the open field. First of all, you need to know the features of the cultivation of this crop.

Features of growing cucumbers:

Until the air temperature drops to +15 degrees, the plant will actively grow and develop. As soon as the average daily temperature became lower, growth stops.
Roots are the most susceptible to cold and frost, so consider mulching after seedlings have been planted.
Seedlings and adult plants need to be regularly fed with mineral and organic fertilizers.
Plants can form knots. They can simultaneously form both female and male inflorescences, antennae, lateral lash and leaf. If the humidity level rises, then a separate plant can form from such a node.
If the soil acidity level is below pH 5.6, then this can negatively affect the he alth of vegetables. Loamy soils are not suitable for planting. They do not allow the root system to develop normally, which in turn leads to poor absorption of water by the roots.

The soil for growing cucumbers in a greenhouse must be prepared in advance. To do this, make a special pillow, which consists of manure and straw. Manure and straw are mixed, the soil is covered, and then another layer of soil is poured. Only after that you can plant seedlings in the soil.

You cannot grow plants in the same place for several years in a row. If the greenhouse is small, then every year you will have to change the location of the beds with cucumbers. If this is not done, then the soil will be depleted, and the yield of cucumbers will be low.

Planting cucumbers in the greenhouse occurs mainly in a vertical way. To do this, metal or wooden beams are attached to the ceiling of the greenhouse, strong threads or a special mesh are tied to them, which are fixed to the beams located in the ground.

Each plant should have its own support. So the bushes will not interfere with each other and grow normally. If the whiskers cling to adjacent supports, then they must be carefully removed and directed to their place.

To grow cucumbers, they must be disinfected before planting seeds in open ground. To do this, dilute potassium permanganate in warm water, pour planting material there and leave it in water for 20 minutes. Then dry to a loose state and plant in the soil.

Growing cucumbers in a polycarbonate greenhouse is not complete without monitoring the level of humidity and air temperature in the greenhouse. The temperature should not be less than +15, but not more than +24. If vegetables are grown in the warm season, then the greenhouse needs to be opened periodically.

It is recommended to water the cucumbers often, but they cannot be poured. If the humidity is too strong, they can get powdery mildew and rot.

In order to get the most delicious fruits from cucumbers, bushes should be fertilized regularly. The soil is sprinkled with wood ash, compost. You can also dilute bird droppings and nettle decoction and water the beds with this solution.

Cultivation of cucumbers in open ground in Siberia

How to plant cucumbers for open ground in Siberia? Sowing should be approached responsibly. Before planting seedlings, you should prepare the soil for this. You can start preparing in the fall, immediately after harvesting from the site.

After the last crop of cucumbers from the beds has been harvested, the soil must be cleared of weeds and dug up. Introduce manure into the soil and dig again. In the spring, dig up the soil again, sprinkle it with wood ash.

Next, you can plant seedlings in the soil. Make beds, then dig shallow holes. Plant seedlings and cover them with soil. It is not necessary to deepen the seedlings. Pour warm water. At night, the beds with seedlings are covered with a dense cloth.

You can plant seedlings in the ground only after the nights become warm and there are no frosts. As a rule, this is the end of May - the beginning of June. When the plants begin to grow, it will be necessary to form a bush. To do this, the main stem above the 5-6 leaf should be pinched. This applies only to bee pollinated varieties.

Cucumber care in Siberia

With good care, the harvest can be increased significantly. Care should be regular and include:

Loosening the soil;
Weed removal;
Introduction of mineral and organic fertilizers;
Water;
Disease prevention;
Inspection of bushes for harmful insects and diseases.

Feeding is the most important thing to remember. The first feeding is done a few weeks after landing in a permanent place.

Further, top dressing in the beds with cucumbers is applied every 10 days in moist soil. Cucumbers are among those types of crops in which the growth of deciduous mass, the formation of inflorescences and fruits occurs simultaneously throughout the season. Therefore, throughout the entire growing season, cucumbers need nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

The following nutrient formulations can be used as fertilizer:

1 kg of mullein diluted in 10 liters of warm water. Leave the solution for 10 minutes. And then water the cucumber beds with it.
Dilute chicken manure also in water (in a ratio of 1:10).
Collect the weeds that grow on the site, fill them with warm water. Insist 10 hours. Then pour the cucumbers under the root.
Periodically, before watering the beds, you can sprinkle with wood ash. You can sprinkle ashes on the cucumbers themselves.
Also, ready-made mineral mixtures can be used as fertilizers. You can purchase special mixtures for fertilizing cucumbers.

They can be alternated.

An important factor is the prevention against diseases and pests. You need to inspect cucumbers every week. If yellow leaves appear, then they must be immediately cut off and destroyed, and the plants themselves should be watered with Fitosporin. You can treat the bushes with a solution of iodine or brilliant green. For 1 liter of water, you need to take a bottle of iodine and pour this solution on the cucumber beds.

In order to scare off pests, vegetables are sprayed with a solution of ammonia and warm water. Ammonia will also promote nitrogen production. They can also be sprayed with a decoction of the root of valerian officinalis. Most insects cannot stand the smell of valerian.

Water the cucumber beds often, but in moderation. Plants like moist, but not flooded soil. If it rains for a long time, then watering should be postponed until then. Until the soil is completely dry. If the soil moisture is too high, then the cucumbers can start to hurt.

Reviews of gardeners about growing cucumbers in Siberia

Reviews from gardeners:

Veronica, 33

“I live in Krasnoyarsk, it can be very difficult to grow cucumbers in summer, especially if there is no greenhouse. By all means I try to provide favorable conditions for the harvest. But this is not always possible.”

Konstantin, 45

“I grew cucumbers outdoors for several years. Sometimes it turned out to get a good harvest, and sometimes not. Over time, I decided that the best option would be to build a greenhouse for growing cucumbers.Plants are grown mainly in the summer, but in a greenhouse. Now I am satisfied with the harvest.”