Apple tree Kutuzovets: variety description and selection history, characteristics with photo

To date, more than 7500 varieties of apple trees are known. Each gardener chooses for himself only those varieties that are suitable for the realization of his goals. The choice of trees is determined by climatic features, taste characteristics and industrial interest. Kutuzovets is rightfully considered the best variety when using an apple tree for production purposes: for harvesting juices, compotes or nectars and subsequent sale.

Description and varietal features

According to the detailed description, the Kutuzovets variety is classified as an autumn fruit tree, since the harvest falls in September-October.

The distinctive features are:

Trees are medium-sized with a lush, rounded crown.
"Mature" shoots become less heavy and spreading, making maintenance and pruning of branches easy.
The main branches depart from the trunk at a significant angle of inclination.
The trunk and perennial shoots are green with a dark tint, and the young shoots are grey-brown.
Green, glossy oval-shaped leaves with a twisted tip. In this case, the sheet plate is even, lowered down. Because of this, it seems that the sheet is bordered along the contour.
On adult plants, the fruits ripen on kolchatka, twigs and spears. Young trees are covered with apples on the last two branches.

Kutuzovets apple trees grow well near apple plantations.

The tree blooms with small white-pink flowers. Flowering period - May 10-30.
The fruits of this variety of apples are large and reach 130 grams. The apples are distinguished by a rounded shape with a slightly noticeable ribbing and a pale blush. The color of the fruit is green, but by the time of ripening it acquires a yellow color with barely noticeable white or gray dots. The flesh is firm, white in color and very juicy. The taste of the apple is sweet and sour, with a spicy note. Ripe apples don't fall by themselves.
Apples are stored for a long time in a dark cool place, delighting with taste until April.

Kutuzovets has gained wide popularity in Europe for the possibility of an extended shelf life of harvested fruits.

History of Breeding

Apple variety developed in the first half of the 20th century. Research Institute of Horticulture and Medicinal Herbs in Samara under the direction of S.P. Kedrina was the first to select apples.

For breeding, the fruits of Renet Simirenko, Common skrypyzhapel were used. The resulting culture was planted and borne fruit back in 1947. After as many as 32 years, the plant was included in the State Special. registry. It was allowed to cultivate the variety in the Middle Volga region.

The varieties were crossed in two stages. At first, the maternal species of Simirenko acted as a pollinator. After that, the paternal variety Skrypyzhapel was used. Next, the seeds were subjected to a four-month stratification, and the plant was hardened.

What are the varieties?

Kutuzovets apple tree varieties not bred.

What are the advantages and disadvantages?

Currently, the popularity of Kutuzovets apple culture is declining. The process is due to the fact that in order to obtain a significant yield, several factors must be observed. These include: timely pruning of trees, favorable conditions for crop growth, moderate watering.In addition, periodic fruiting and low winter hardiness of the tree are distinguished from the minuses.

But, despite these shortcomings, the apple tree has a number of advantages compared to other varieties:

High productivity and, as a result, the title of one of the best varieties for industrial horticulture and sales.
Fruits are suitable for different preparations: puree, jam, marmalade or juice.
Long-term storage of apples under all conditions.

Characteristics of the Kutuzovets apple tree

Kutuzovets apple tree is difficult to confuse with any other varieties. This is due both to the size of trees and fruits, and to the yield of the plant.

Apple trees are planted in the period from late March to mid-April at a distance of 4-5 meters from each other. Having chosen a lighted place, you need to prepare fertilized pits up to 1 meter deep, in which to root the seedlings.

Tree dimensions

Since the apple tree is a medium-sized crop, its height reaches a maximum of 4 meters. Most growers aim for a seedling height of no more than 2.5 meters from the second year after planting.

Trees over 7 years old are cut off the tops. Young seedlings do not need pruning.

Yield and fruit evaluation

Young seedlings are not fast-growing. Therefore, the first harvests of apples can be obtained in 5-7 years from the moment the tree is planted in the soil. Fruits do not appear regularly, there is a certain periodicity. But proper care and timely pruning lead to the annual fruiting of the crop.

The number of born fruits in 12 months from one apple tree in summer cottages or orchards reaches 60 kilograms. For industrial purposes, up to 150 centners of apples are harvested from one hectare of plants.

With high-quality constant watering, the harvest will not be long in coming. In dry regions, sufficient watering of the plant is needed, at least 2 times a week. Overdried soil is not rich in nutrients and will not provide the necessary minimum of macronutrients for the plant.

The fruits are harvested in September, when apples have gained maximum weight and are saturated with useful substances.

Winter hardiness

If the climate in the region where the plant is grown is moderate, then the characteristics regarding winter hardiness of the tree are good. Severe climatic regional conditions significantly reduce the indicator. However, the apple tree has a distinctive feature - the hybrid has a high ability to recover with proper care.

The apple tree variety is frost-resistant, but a cardinal change in the weather for the crop is stressful. Therefore, after winter, the plants are fed to saturate the soil and combat stress conditions.

Diseases and known pests

The apple tree is characterized by high or medium resistance to known pests and horticultural diseases. Diseases are more often caused by humans, and proper, regular care can save trees.

You can eliminate diseases in the following way:

Powdery mildew - spray with colloidal sulfur solution.
Fruit rot - remove damage, treat the tree with Bordeaux liquid.
Scab - urea treatment.
Black cancer - use nitrogen fertilizers.
Milky shine of the bark - cut off damaged areas, smear the tree with a disinfectant.
Bacterial burn - cut off damaged branches, treat wounds.

Among the main pests are:

Green aphid. Destroy the insect infusion of dandelion, potash fertilizers.
Apple flower beetle. You can overcome the pest only by starting a fight with it even before the dissolution of the kidneys.
Apple moth. Chlorfors solution will help get rid of moths.
Leaflet - a weak solution of nitrofen will get rid of the insect.

The apple tree has the ability to self-heal after various diseases and injuries.

Growing regions

The variety is widely distributed in the historical homeland - in the Middle Volga region. For growing crops, the main condition is a temperate climate. Therefore, the apple tree grows in Belarus, Ukraine, Bashkiria, Lipetsk, Orenburg regions of Russia.