Apple tree Gorno altayskoye: variety description and cultivation features, history with photo

Among fruit-bearing trees, cultures bred in Russia deserve attention. They are adapted specifically to the climatic conditions of the Middle Strip. In this case, an apple tree of Gorno-Altai origin will be considered. The breed of fruit trees is maximally adapted to the climate of the country. The Altai fruit-bearing rock of mountain origin has distinctive features that need to be considered in detail.

History of variety breeding

This type of fruit and berry plant was introduced in post-war times. Consider the main points of the historical breeding of this plant variety:

1. For the first time this apple variety was bred back in 1937 in Siberia at the Lisavenko Research Institute of Horticulture.
2. In 1949, this breed became interested in the highest ranks, because of which the seedlings were sent for state testing.
3. In 1959, the variety was recognized, and then zoned in Siberia, as well as in the Volga-Vyatka region.

This variety of apple trees is very popular among gardeners of the Middle Strip to this day, as it has a number of advantages compared to other varieties.

The history of the fruit and berry plant, starting from the mid-twentieth century, was quite rich, but during all this time the plant has remained a semi-cultivated species.

Description of the Gorno-Altai apple tree

Let's start describing this type of plant from its dimensions. The apple tree has an average height of 3 to 3.5 meters. You also need to pay attention to other parameters inherent in this variety:

• fruits are high in vitamins and nutrients;
• after planting seedlings in open ground, after 4-5 years, the tree begins to bring the first harvest;
• ripe fruit as a whole is stored for a short time (usually the shelf life is about one month);
• mature tree has good fruiting rates (average yield is 36 kilograms);
• ripe fruits have a characteristic ruddy red color, with small yellow-green inserts in the stalks.

This variety is maximally adapted to the adverse climatic conditions of the Middle Strip, which is why the apple tree bears fruit early (usually in late July or mid-August).

The fruits from this tree are small, usually their weight does not exceed 45 grams, but a distinctive feature of apples is their rich sweet and sour taste.

Advantages and disadvantages

As with any other variety of apples, Gorno-Altai fruit and berry trees are characterized by positive qualities and disadvantages. Consider the main advantages of this variety:

• high yield;
• tree resistant to cold and diseases;
• apple bears fruit early;
• fruits do not crumble when ripe;
• plants recover quickly from damage;
• young apple trees quickly stretch to the optimum size;
• young seedlings bear fruit after 4 years.

Among the shortcomings of this variety, it can be noted that the plant loves sunlight, and also does not tolerate excessive moisture. In addition, when ripe, the fruits are quite high, which is why it is almost impossible to collect all of them without auxiliary equipment.

In prolonged rainy weather, the skin on the fruit begins to crack, and besides, ripe apples are stored for less than a month, since the fruit and berry tree of this species does not perceive excess moisture well.

Apple frost resistance

Because this variety comes from colder regions, it has some characteristics:

• the plant tolerates low temperatures freely;
• loves sunshine;
• does not tolerate remote growing (do not place the apple tree far from other trees);
• does not tolerate excessive moisture;
• young seedlings are recommended to cover during severe frosts.

In case of abundant and early snowfall, it is not necessary to cover young trees, as the variety was bred specifically for cold conditions.

Young seedlings are sheltered for the winter at the base, while in the third or fourth year, insulation can be abandoned, since the tree should already be stronger by this time.

Diseases and pests

This variety of fruit tree is resistant to both diseases and pests. Consider the highlights:

• the plant tolerates diseases freely, including scab;
• because of the composition of the bark of the Gorno altai apple tree, pests avoid it;
• For a tree to be resistant to diseases and pests, it needs to be fed with natural fertilizers.

The only thing this apple tree is afraid of is fungal diseases, but they appear only if the tree is not properly cared for.

Gorno altai apple tree is resistant to diseases, and also quickly recovers from damage, but it is not recommended to lose sight of the moment when the plant was struck by a fungal disease.

Growing regions

This tree is cold hardy but grows best in the following regions:

1. Medium Band.
2. Far East.
3. Southern part of Siberia.
4. The Volga region and other southern regions of Central Russia.

At the same time, apple trees feel comfortable in the northern regions, but the fertility of plants decreases here.

Regardless of the region in which this apple variety grows, it needs care (especially in the early years), otherwise you can not expect a plentiful fruit harvest.

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