Jasmine: planting and care, reproduction, pruning scheme, transplant, top dressing, preparation for winter

Modern flower growers grow jasmine not only on the windowsill, but also in the open field. Ornamental shrub, planting and care, the reproduction of which is in many ways similar to the mock orange, serves as an excellent decoration for the garden and fills it with a fabulous aroma during the flowering period. The plant has some features of agricultural technology and care that you need to familiarize yourself with before planting it on your site.

Features and uniqueness of garden jasmine

Jasmine is native to the Mediterranean, where it is used as a medicinal plant.In our country, shrubs are most often grown to decorate a certain area. A beautiful and lush crown, decorated with large white inflorescences, instantly attracts the eye. And the alluring sweet aroma does not leave indifferent even the most demanding gardener. Jasmine quickly adapts to weather conditions, which is another advantage.

The uniqueness of the plant lies in the fact that the flowers during their blooming contain a huge amount of essential oils that have a beneficial effect on the human body. Shrub buds are used both for medicinal purposes and and as an additive to black and green tea to increase immunity, cleanse toxins. Thanks to its healing properties, jasmine is not only an excellent decoration of the site, but also helps to improve he alth.

What varieties are recommended to plant in the garden

In the countryside, three main varieties of jasmine are grown, which have become the basis for breeding many varieties:

• small-leaved;
• crown ordinary;
• fluffy.

It is best to use jasmine varieties to decorate your own garden:

• Moonlight;
• Dwarf;
• Charm;
• White bouquet;
• Ermine Mantle;
• Arctic;
• Pompon;
• Salute;
• Obelisk;
• Charm;
• Kazbek.

We should also highlight the Ermine mantle, in which the flowering period lasts up to 2 months, and the inflorescences are located along the entire length of the branches, which gives the jasmine a special decorative effect.

Things to consider when growing

Jasmine is not a capricious shrub, but has certain growing characteristics that must be taken into account when planting.

Required soil composition

For planting jasmine, almost any soil that has an adequate supply of nutrients is suitable. The root system of the shrub does not tolerate waterlogging, so the groundwater level should not come too close to the surface. If there is not enough nutrition in the soil, this will affect the beauty of flowering.

The optimal composition of nutrient soil for ornamental shrubs is a mixture of humus and river sand (1 part each), as well as turf land (2 parts).

Location lighting requirements

If you have to choose where to plant jasmine on the site, then preference should be given to a well-lit place. The shrub also feels good in partial shade, but in such conditions it is impossible to achieve lush flowering.

Good and bad neighbors

Jasmine is best planted next to flowers of a dark blue or purple color. Good neighbors for shrubs will be:

• delphinium;
• lavender;
• hydrangea;
• spirea.

You can't plant jasmine near apple and pear trees, as these fruit trees suffer greatly from such a neighborhood.

Planting technology

The he alth and further development of the shrub depends on the correctness of the planting work. Jasmine will please you with lush flowering only if agricultural technology and all the rules for landing on the site have been observed.

Seedling selection and preparation

Shrub planting material should be purchased only in spring at reputable retail outlets or taken from friends who can be trusted and have no doubts about the quality and varietal affiliation of the seedling.For planting, it is preferable to take jasmine with open roots and unblown buds. If leaves have already begun to appear on it, then the chances of taking root are reduced to almost zero.

For planting, it is better to give preference to shrubs aged 1-2 years. In this case, its root system is already quite developed, but is less likely to be damaged when dug up.

Jasmine should not show signs of disease, pest damage or mechanical damage. At the point of sale, the root system of plants must be dug in with earth or covered to prevent it from drying out.

Terms and technology of landing operations

Planting jasmine is recommended only in spring. A landing hole is dug with a depth of 0.5 m. Its width is about the same, but the exact size depends on the size of the root system of the shrub. A distance of about 10 cm is left from the edges of the pit to the root, and the root collar does not go deeper than 3 cm.

At the bottom of the prepared hole for planting jasmine, a drainage layer of sand, expanded clay and small stones is poured to prevent stagnant water. It is advisable to add a small amount of nitrophosphate to the soil mixture so that the seedling gains strength faster. Part of this mixture is poured into a mound over the drainage, then the jasmine is installed and the roots are carefully straightened. Fill the hole with the remaining nutrient soil, tamp it down and water it abundantly. After that, the near-stem circle is mulched.

If several jasmine bushes are planted in open ground, then a distance of at least 1 meter is left between them. The exception is dwarf varieties, which are allowed to be planted at a distance of 0.6-0.8 m from each other.

How to care for a crop

It is important not only to plant jasmine on the site, but also to provide it with proper care so that the shrub will please with abundant flowering.

Water frequency

Jasmine does not require frequent watering when grown in the middle lane. The shrub is irrigated only in case of prolonged drought and hot weather. The need for moisture is determined by the state of the top layer of soil and the jasmine itself, the leaves of which lose their elasticity. Under each plant contribute up to 30 liters of warm water. In the autumn, before the onset of cold weather, water-recharging watering is done so that the shrub can endure the winter more easily and not freeze.

Feeding

Feeding is required for jasmine from the second year of life. Fertilizers are applied throughout the growing season, using both organic matter and mineral mixtures. In summer, the shrub needs more nitrogen, so it is recommended to add urea, superphosphate, and also potassium sulfide. From organic matter, manure and humus are used. The recommended dosages should be strictly followed. Otherwise, the shrub will suffer from an excess of nutrition, will begin to grow green mass and will not demonstrate violent flowering.

Loosening and caring for the trunk circle

Loosening the soil in the near-stem circle of the shrub is carried out after each heavy rainfall or watering. Do this carefully and not too deep, so as not to damage the jasmine root system. Remove all weeds at the same time.

Cutting

An important part of caring for a jasmine bush is pruning. If done correctly, the plant will look aesthetically pleasing, develop properly and bloom wildly.

Forming

Forming jasmine pruning is more often done in early spring. In autumn, it does not make much sense, because during the winter some of the shoots can break, freeze, or simply die off. To form a beautiful bush, it is necessary to cut the branches that are too long, and remove the diseased or dried ones altogether. Weakly developed processes are shortened by half to provoke the growth of young branches.This scheme allows you to make the jasmine bush lush, thick and beautiful.

Sanitary

As a rule, sanitary pruning is done in the spring. Before bud break, all broken or frozen branches are removed. Shoots with signs of disease are subject to immediate removal. If autumn sanitary pruning of jasmine is carried out, then the plant is carefully examined for mechanical damage, the presence of dry shoots or too old shoots that are best removed immediately.

Pruning jasmine after flowering

Immediately after the flowering of the jasmine bush, it is inspected and, if necessary, pruned. Remove dead inflorescences, weak and diseased branches.

Rejuvenating

Over time, the jasmine bush ages and loses its attractiveness. Bare shoots not only spoil the view, but also prevent the growth of young branches.As a result, flowering is not so violent. In this regard, the plant needs a rejuvenating pruning once every few years. Work is carried out in the spring, before bud break. Choose 4 or 5 attractive stems and shorten them by 50% of the length, the rest are simply cut to the root.

Cut places are treated with garden pitch. With the beginning of sap flow, the buds will wake up on the stumps and give new shoots, from which several of the strongest are selected. It is they who will form the crown of the updated jasmine.

When to transplant to a new location

Transplantation to another place of the jasmine bush is rare, in case of emergency. The reasons for this may be different, for example, closely growing trees began to block the access of light to the bush. There is a dispute between gardeners when to transplant a plant so that the stress for it is not too much.Most agree that the work should be planned for the spring. The procedure itself is not much different from the usual planting of jasmine on the site.

To transplant it to a new place, you need to dig a planting hole that will correspond in volume to the root system.

It is preferable to dig up the shrub with a clod of earth and not shake it off when transplanting.

Processing and treatment of diseases and pests

Jasmine bush is most often affected by pests such as:

• weevil;
• spider mite;
• aphid.

As a result of their impact, the shrub loses its decorative properties, ceases to develop normally, its foliage folds into a tube. At the initial degree of damage, the leaves of the plant are removed along with the pests and burned, and the jasmine is treated with a solution of laundry soap.In case of severe damage, insecticides are used.

Jasmine has a high resistance to disease, which most often happens due to lack of nutrients. For prevention purposes, it is recommended to apply complex mineral fertilizers.

Preparing shrubs for winter

In order for the garden jasmine to easily endure the winter in the open field, it will need proper and good preparation. An adult shrub tolerates the cold season better than a young one, therefore it does not need special preparation and warming. Young specimens immediately after the end of the flowering period are covered with specially designed material or use ordinary straw. The soil in the trunk circle of the shrub is dug up and compost is added to it.

Methods of reproduction

If desired, garden jasmine can be easily propagated by yourself. There are several proven methods that give good results.

Division of the root system

To quickly get a flowering jasmine bush, you can propagate it by dividing the root. However, this technique is only suitable for low-growing varieties, but plants up to 4 meters high are problematic to propagate in this way. Jasmine is dug out of the ground and divided into several parts in such a way that young shoots remain on each of them. The work is done with a garden pruner. The resulting shrub divisions are planted in prepared holes.

Propagate by layering

This technique allows you to propagate any variety of jasmine and at the same time guarantees an excellent result. Work is done in the summer. Young shoots growing around an adult mother bush are selected and pulled with wire below their own lower bud. This will stimulate root formation.

A branch of a bush is bent to the ground and placed in a prepared shallow groove, fixed with wire and sprinkled with earth.

In the place of contact with the ground, roots form within a month. After some time, young shoots form from the rooted jasmine cuttings. The next spring, a stronger bush is cut off from the mother plant and transplanted to a permanent place of growth.

With cuttings

Reproduction of jasmine by cuttings is the simplest, most reliable and common way. Harvesting of young shoots is preferably done in the summer, but you can cut them in the fall. They must be flexible and not break. The cutting is done in the morning so that there is enough moisture in the shoots. The lower leaves are immediately removed, and the upper ones are shortened by 2 times.

For a day, the petioles are left in a solution of a root formation stimulator, after which they are planted in a greenhouse or a small greenhouse, deepening a few centimeters. As a last resort, bush plantings are covered with scraps of plastic bottles. At first, the shelter cannot be raised, but after three days it will be necessary to do daily ventilation.

Jasmine needs to maintain constant humidity, but at the same time not to allow the soil to turn into a swamp. Enough light should come to the petioles, but direct sunlight is unacceptable. After 2 weeks, the jasmine will form a root system and begin to develop.

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