Cherry Brusnitsyna: description and characteristics of the variety, planting and care rules

Cherry is a tasty and he althy fruit that is grown in every garden. There are a huge number of cherry varieties - registered and unregistered. One of the unregistered, distinguished by its qualities and unpretentiousness, is the Brusnitsyn cherry variety.

Variety description

Cherry Brusnitsyn - lignified low bushes with widely spreading branches, a large number of fruits. Belongs to the Rosaceae family, genus Plum, subgenus Common cherry. From the Latin "Cerasus - cherry", the name comes from the city of Kerazund, from which cherry seedlings were first taken to Rome.The characteristics of the Brusnitsyna cherry variety are described below.

The bushes grow up to 200 cm in height, bloom profusely in the 4-5th year, after which green fruits are formed, which, when ripe, become purple. Flowers bloom in mid to late May.

The fruits are large, round, the weight of one berry is up to 6 g. Inside the berry is a small round bone, easily separated from the pulp. The fruit has a sweet and sour taste, the flesh is fleshy, juicy. The annual yield of an adult plant is 12-20 kg.

Last year's shoots have a lignified appearance, the bark is brown-gray, the young shoots are green. The branches are flexible, lend themselves well to cutting with secateurs. The leaves are glossy, bright green above, light green below. Petiolate, elliptical, up to 8 cm long, pointed at the end. The edges of the leaves have small teeth.

The root system is powerful, grows up to 1.5-2 m deep and wide. The variety is suitable for cultivation in frost resistance zone 3-4, withstands frosts down to -40 ° C, northern regions of Russia. Cherry Brusnitsyna - early variety, flowering lasts 2.5-3 weeks.

Advantages and disadvantages

One of the main advantages of the Brusnitsyn cherry variety is its unpretentiousness in cultivation:

1. Resistant variety to severe frosts and temperature extremes. Withstands down to -40 °C.
2. Fruits ripen quickly, yields are high.
3. Resistant to diseases.
4. Unpretentious to the place of cultivation and soil.
5. Affordable and comfortable bush height for harvesting.
6. Self-fertility. The ability of flowers to be cross-pollinated with their own pollen, which is a particularly valuable advantage in growing conditions in northern regions with unstable weather conditions.

The main drawback of the described Brusnitsyn cherry variety is that it requires careful selection of a place that is closed from strong gusts of wind and drafts. The variety requires formative pruning annually. For greater pollination of flowers, the Mayak cherry variety can be planted nearby, which will increase the yield by 10-20%.

Features of planting and care

If all the agrotechnical conditions for growing Brusnitsyn cherries are observed, 20 kg of fruit can be harvested starting from the fourth year of growth.

Growing conditions

The soil should be sandy, pH neutral (5.5-7). The most successful landing site is the western, southwestern side of the garden. Near the fence or walls of buildings. Planted from them at a distance of 2-3 m, so that the bush can grow. A young plant should be planted in a sunny place or in partial shade.

The first year of wintering should be accompanied by a warm shelter and high hilling of the seedling. It is very important that the underground waters lie deep - more than 2.5 m. Watering is carried out 1-2 times a week in dry weather, 20-40 liters of water around the bush. Young seedlings should be watered more often - 2-3 times a week.

Small grooves should be made around the bush to drain excess water, especially during heavy, heavy rains.

Fertilizers are applied 2-3 times per season. For the first time after the spring thaw, before bud break, fertilizers with nitrogen are applied under the bush. During flowering, phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is used. Before preparing for winter, complex or micronutrient fertilizers are applied.

Prophylactic spraying against pests and diseases is carried out in the spring when young leaves appear. Pruning is carried out annually in the spring, frozen, damaged shoots are cut off, and the appearance of a bush is also formed.It is very important that there are no weeds and diseased trees around the bush. The soil is loosened 1-2 times a month, depending on weather conditions.

Stages of landing in the ground

Favorable time for planting Brusnitsyn cherries - spring, April-May:

1. Prepare the hole. The depth and width of the pit should be 1.5-2 times the root system of the seedling. Put a layer of drainage on the bottom, which will help remove excess moisture. The next layer is organic fertilizers - rotted manure, manure, compost, peat, coniferous humus.
2. Prepare the seedling. Soak in water for 3-5 hours, you can add a root stimulator.
3. Pour the prepared hole with water - 1-2 buckets.
4. Treat the roots of the plant before planting in a solution of manganese, clean or remove damaged pests.
5. The seedling is planted in a hole and sprinkled with a mixture of soil and sand.

After planting, the seedling is not watered from above, watering is done after 3-4 days.

Important! If the seedling is weak, then before planting it in the pit, you should firmly hammer the support - a stick, metal fittings into the pit, and only after that plant the plant. In this way, the roots of the cherry will not be damaged by the support.

Diseases and pests

The Brusnitsyn variety is resistant to diseases, but if the rules for feeding or pruning are not followed, the protective properties of the plant decrease and diseases may occur.

Wet, warm weather, long rains, lack of harvesting of fallen leaves also contribute to them:

1. Coccomycosis is a fungal disease that manifests itself in the form of small brown spots, gradually growing and merging into one spot on the leaf. After that, the spots dry up and fall off, leaving holes on the sheets.
2. Moniliosis (fruit rot) - a fungal disease affects the fruits of the plant, white spores appear on them. The affected area becomes brown, after which the cherry falls or may mummify and hang until frost.

The most common pests on cherries are:

1. Cherry fly.
2. Cherry weevil.
3. Sawfly.
4. Aphid.

In order for the plant to have strong immunity to pests, it should be sprayed with preventive drugs. Cherry Brusnitsyna - a variety that is suitable for canning, drying, freezing without large losses of nutrients and taste. An important rule for growing this variety is compliance with agrotechnical conditions and preventive measures.

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