Vladimirskaya Cherry: variety description and pollinators, planting and care, diseases with photos

In Russia, cherry trees have been planted for a long time. According to some sources, cherries were first brought to the Russian Empire in the 12th century. But even now, centuries later, interest in cherries has not dried up. Every year, breeders bring out new varieties and improve the old ones. You can find varieties of cherry trees for every taste. One of the most common varieties in many regions is the Vladimirskaya cherry. This is an unpretentious variety that is famous for its yield and taste of berries.

History of breeding and regionalization

It is still unknown how the Vladimirskaya variety was created.But according to some reports, the hybrid was bred in the 19th century on the territory of the Vladimir region. This is where the cherry gets its name from. The parent varieties that were used to create the hybrid also remained unknown. Vladimirskaya is often sold under other names: Dobroselskaya, Gorbatovskaya, Roditelava, Vyaznikovskaya. All are the same variety.

In 1947, the Vladimirskaya hybrid was zoned and included in the State Register. The variety is grown in almost all regions of Russia. Particularly suitable for growing the southern climate and the climatic conditions of the central regions.

Description and characteristics of the variety

Culture has a lot of advantages, thanks to which Vladimirskaya won the love of many gardeners. The hybrid is characterized by the best performance in terms of yield and resistance to certain diseases of fruit trees.

It is also important to pay attention to the frost and drought resistance of the tree, the timing of fruit ripening and pollination.

Drought and frost resistance

One of the shortcomings of the Vladimirskaya hybrid is the low frost resistance of the buds. If the winter turned out to be frosty, then it is likely that part of the tree will freeze. Therefore, it is desirable to plant seedlings in warm areas with moderate winters. In the north, this variety will not take root.

Like many varieties of cherry trees, Vladimirskaya tolerates dry summers well. The tree does not need frequent watering. It is recommended to water cherries several times a season. But still, it is undesirable to allow overdrying of the soil around the trunks. The tree does not tolerate such conditions well.

Soil Requirements

Seedlings are planted in open sunny areas that are well ventilated. In the shade, the cherry grows poorly and gives a low yield. Particular attention should be paid to the choice of soil for planting. Vladimirskaya does not like swampy, wet areas in which water stagnates or groundwater lies nearby.Although the culture also does not like overdrying of the soil, excessive moisture has a detrimental effect on the he alth of the tree.

It is not recommended to plant seedlings on sandy and clay soil types. It is better to plant seedlings in the southern areas or hills. The soil must be breathable. For planting, preference should be given to light, fertile soils with a loose structure. Dense soil is bad for tree growth and fruiting.

Pollinators, flowering period and maturation period

Vladimirskaya variety is self-fertile. For pollination of inflorescences, other varieties of cherries are planted next to the tree. Cherry varieties such as Cherry consumer goods, Fertile Michurina, Turgenevka, Amorel Pink, Lyubskaya and Vasilievskaya are suitable as pollinating trees. The more pollinating trees grow nearby, the higher the yield at Vladimirskaya.

Bees are attracted to the garden for pollination. To do this, honey plants are planted next to cherries, for example, lungwort, bluebells or thyme. In addition, spraying inflorescences diluted in water with honey or sugar helps.

Cherry trees bloom in mid-May. Mass flowering is observed in the last days of May. Petals are white in color, inflorescences are collected in bunches of 5-6 pieces. For the Vladimirskaya hybrid, mass ripening of the crop is uncharacteristic. Cherries turn red gradually. The first ripe berries from the tree are harvested from July 10th. Vladimirskaya refers to early hybrids.

If the fruits are not picked from the tree, they will gradually fall off and become unsuitable for eating or preparing processed products.

Productivity, fruiting

More than half of the ovaries are formed only on young branches, so old stems are cut off so that they do not take away nutrients. In different areas, the fruiting of the variety varies. In the northern latitudes, the yield of the variety is lower, since the buds of the tree freeze during severe frosts, and it is on them that most of the crop is formed.Areas with moderate, not frosty winters are suitable for growing Vladimirskaya.

Cherry has a high yield. On average, from 20 to 30 kg of cherries are harvested from one adult plant, provided that the cherry grows in a warm climate. In the northern regions, the yield is only 5-6 kg. To increase the yield, it is imperative to introduce mineral and organic top dressings into the soil and pruning old branches.

Berry flavors

The berries are rounded, 1 to 2 cm in diameter. On average, the weight of one berry ranges from 2.5 to 3.5 g. Having reached full maturity, the skin and pulp acquire a rich burgundy shade, almost black. The texture of the pulp is dense, juicy, slightly lighter than the skin. The taste is sweet and sour, the pulp of rich cherry flavor.

Cherry is used to make jam, compotes, frozen for the winter or eaten fresh. The stone is easily separated from the pulp. Berries tolerate long transportation well and are suitable for sale.

Neighborhood with fruit trees

Cherry tolerates neighborhood with other fruit trees well. But it is undesirable to plant seedlings next to a pear, plum and apple tree. In addition, other varieties that begin to bloom at the same time as Vladimirskaya are considered the best neighbors for the variety. These varieties include:

• Amorel Pink;
• Lot;
• Pink Fur Coat;
• Pink Flask;
• Griot of Moscow;
• Rastunya;
• Vasilievskaya.

It is not recommended to plant currants next to the hybrid. On the trunk circles, it is worth planting peas and garlic. Peas saturate the soil with nitrogen, and the smell of garlic repels aphids from trees.

Methods of reproduction and planting

There are several ways to propagate the cherry tree:

• seedlings;
• bones;
• cutting.

Easiest to grow with a seedling.

Planting a cherry seedling:

• First, they dig up the soil and mix it with mineral fertilizers and organic matter.
• Straw, grass and fallen leaves are laid on the bottom.
• Then 2 buckets of rotted compost fall asleep.
• Water the soil abundantly.
• Before planting, the roots are inspected and cut off the damaged ones.
• For 12 hours, the root system is placed in growth stimulants.
• A long stake is driven into the center of the pit.
• Put the seedling in the hole, straighten the roots and bury them with soil.
• The earth around the trunk is rammed and watered abundantly with warm water.
• The seedling is tied to a stake.

After planting a seedling, the soil around is mulched with peat, humus with the addition of sawdust. The thickness of the mulch should be at least 10 cm. At first, the seedling should be left tied to a peg until the cherry takes root in a new place.

Tree care

Cherry trees need to be looked after to increase productivity. The minimum care includes organizing watering, fertilizing the soil and forming a crown. Without care, the tree will quickly overgrow with old branches and stop bearing fruit.

Crown pruning

The first time cherries are pruned after planting. Pruning is carried out in early spring, 3-4 weeks before blooming. During pruning, skeletal branches are not shortened, only excess branches are removed. Slices are treated with garden pitch or ordinary brilliant green. The crown of the tree should consist of 5-7 branches. The central branch is left 15-25 cm long. In subsequent years, the tree is pruned every year.

For pruning, use only a well-ground pruner that does not injure the stems and leaves even cuts on the branches. Sections are disinfected immediately after circumcision.

Water Regularity

Cherry trees are watered several times during the fruiting season. But watering should be plentiful. At one time, 10-15 liters of water are used for irrigation. For irrigation use only warm water heated in the sun.

Irrigation timing:

• After the flowering period.
• 4-5 weeks after the first watering, when the berries start to turn red.
• The fourth watering is after harvest.
• The last time the trees are irrigated before the onset of cold weather.

Before watering, the soil around the trunks is loosened and all weeds are removed.

Fertilizers and top dressing

After planting a seedling in a permanent place, the cherry does not need to be fed for the first year. In the second year, organic matter and mineral fertilizers are already introduced into the soil. But it is best to start feeding trees 2-3 years after the start of fruiting.

Feeding:

• After the snow melts, the soil around the trunk is sprinkled with wood ash.
• Before flowering, fertilizer is applied to the soil based on manure, a fermented solution of grass and bird droppings (the same fertilizer is applied when the berries ripen).
• After harvesting and after the autumn digging of the soil, bone meal and leaf ash are introduced into the soil.

It is important to ensure that there are more acids and moisture in the soil.

Whitewashing the barrel

With the onset of autumn, the trunk and skeletal branches are whitewashed with lime mixed with blue vitriol. Also, the trunk is whitewashed with a special paint for trees. Young trees that are not yet 5 years old are not recommended to be bleached.

Preparing for winter season

In autumn, the soil around the trunks is dug up, having previously cleared it of leaves and fallen fruits. Then the soil near the trunk is mulched with humus and peat.

What diseases and pests is susceptible to. Ways to deal with them

Diseases and pests of cherries:

• aphid;
• plum codling moth;
• coccomycosis;
• moniliosis.

To prevent the appearance of coccomycosis, foliage and fruits must be removed from the site in the fall. From moniliosis, trees are sprayed with a 7% solution of urea. During bud break, the branches are treated with 3% Bordeaux liquid.

Branches with a lot of aphids are rinsed in a concentrated solution of laundry soap. From plum codling moth, the treatment of trees with the Fitoverm preparation helps. Add 1 tbsp to the preparation. l. liquid soap and process trees.

Recommended