Incubation of caesar eggs: how many days does it take at home

The eggs and meat of these birds contain many useful substances and trace elements. The problem is that guinea fowls, which have a weak maternal instinct, often leave their clutch to their fate. Therefore, farmers prefer to breed chicks by incubation. At the same time, the process of incubation of caesar eggs requires a careful approach, since if the temperature regime or humidity level is violated, the entire procedure will be in vain.

Pros and cons of incubation

Incubation of guinea fowl has its advantages and disadvantages. The main advantage of this procedure is that it provides a regular supply of fresh eggs and meat of these birds in large quantities.However, such an occupation requires a lot of effort and responsibility. It is necessary to constantly monitor all indicators, that is, monitor temperature, humidity, stages of embryo development, turn over in time.

The degree of control depends on the quality of the equipment, but even the most modern incubator requires attention to the bookmark for 1.5-2 hours a day.

In addition, it is necessary to prepare food for future chicks, build a poultry house that would meet all the parameters.

An important advantage of incubation is that the survival rate of young animals is 70-75 percent of the material being laid. In general, breeding guinea fowl in this way is a profitable and profitable business, both in home breeding conditions and on an industrial scale.

Selection and storage of material at home

For the purpose of incubation, eggs are selected from laying hens, whose age has reached 7-9 months.The optimal weight varies between 40-45 grams. Safe storage can last for 10 days, but no more. Eggs are stored in this form: the position is vertical, the sharp end is located below. It is necessary to observe the temperature regime, monitor the humidity (at least 80 percent) and lighting. Do not allow sunlight to enter the room where the incubation material is stored.

Before selection, the birds are fattened using fish and meat waste. Before placing the eggs in the incubator, each of them must be enlightened and checked for unsuitability. In order for the chicks to hatch at the same time and they can develop normally, the mass of all eggs should be approximately the same.

Signs of unsuitability

Eggs that have the following indicators are not suitable for incubation:

• weight is less than 35 grams;
• the shape of the eggs is wrong;
• sheath has cracks, growths or other defects;
• blood clots are visible through the shell;
• the presence of two embryos in one egg;
• The casing is more than 50 percent dirty.

How to prepare incubation material for laying?

Before laying eggs, they need to be kept in a warm place for 2-4 hours. It is possible to place in trays only when the incubator heats up to 38 degrees (in most cases). At this stage, small embryos are separated from large ones and placed in different trays. If the shell is less than half dirty, the surface must be cleaned before being placed in a container.

Incubation modes

During the first two weeks, temperature and humidity should be 37.8 degrees and 60 percent, respectively. In the future, the temperature is reduced by 1-2 tenths, and the humidity is reduced to 50 percent. When three days remain before the completion of the procedure, the temperature is returned to its original values.

If the device is not equipped with an automatic humidity control system, then for additional air humidification, a container with water is placed in the incubator. Starting from the 6th day from the start of incubation, the material must be cooled by lifting the lid of the device for 5-6 minutes. From the beginning of the third week, the duration of cooling is increased to 10 minutes.

Below is a table of the mode and timing of incubation of the material.

37.5 degrees15-23 days37.5 degrees55 percent 24-25 26-28

Day	Temperature	Humidity	Number of flips	Ventilation
1-2	37.8 degrees	60 percent	6	none
3-14		60 percent	4	5-6 minutes
		3	10 minutes
38 degrees	65 percent	none	none
37 degrees	68 percent, and when pecking up to 95 percent	no	7 minutes

Checking embryo development and candling eggs

For the entire time the embryos are in the incubator, their development is monitored four times. If unsuitable material is found, it must be removed. If the embryo is frozen, then the timely removal of the spoiled egg will avoid rotting, cracking the shell and spreading the contents.

The first check (candling) is carried out on the eighth day of incubation. If no signs of development are found at this stage, then it is likely that the eggs have not been fertilized.Such material is removed. On examination, the blood vessels located in the area of the narrow end should be clearly visible. At the same time, the embryo itself has not yet been detected.

If the embryo is located close to the shell, we can talk about its slow development. The material is translucent with a pale tint, the blood vessels are almost invisible.

The device used to check an egg is called an ovoscope. You can make it yourself. To do this, you will need a small cardboard box and a 60-volt light bulb, which is placed at the bottom of the container. An oval hole is made in the lid. The size of the latter should be slightly smaller than the size of the average egg. The second examination is carried out on the 15th day. Reject material with obvious blood clots on an orange background. The third time the embryos are checked after 24 days. At this stage, a frozen embryo is easily detected. Such eggs must be removed from the incubator. When pipping appears, the embryos are sprayed with water to increase humidity.

Step by step instructions for the whole process

The basic rules to follow as the embryos develop are as follows:

1. Each egg heats evenly.
2. Overheating is excluded. If the shell of the embryos is hot, the cooling system must be turned on.
3. Ventilate the material.
4. Candling.
5. Turn eggs. The procedure is necessary for uniform heating, as well as to reduce the likelihood of embryos sticking to the walls of the shell.

Ripening dates

Chicks hatch in an incubator after 26-28 days. Interestingly, young guinea fowl hatch seven days later than chickens. For the entire period of incubation hatching, the weight of eggs decreases by 15 percent of the initial weight.

Follow-up care for guinea fowl chicks

The first thing to do after the appearance of the young is to carefully select the chicks. He althy cesareans weigh 30-34 grams. Two days later, the birds are already on their feet. Signs of unhe althy offspring:

• deformation of the cloaca and umbilical ring;
• dull eyes;
• underdeveloped beak.

The most common mistakes

Common mistakes of inexperienced farmers when breeding guinea fowls are:

• setting the same incubation regime as for chickens;
• untimely rollover;
• lack of moisture;
• germ overheating;
• underheated eggs;
• Wrong temperature detection.

Removing guinea fowls by incubation is a rather complicated, but effective and profitable occupation. During the period of embryo development, it is necessary to observe the regimen and regularly inspect the material for flaws.

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