Apple tree July Chernenko: description and characteristics of the variety, cultivation and care

Gardeners began to cultivate apple trees more than one hundred years ago. Modern selection has made it possible to improve old varieties and create new ones. One of the most popular apple trees among gardeners is the July Chernenko variety. Versatile in use and unpretentious in growing, the July Chernenko will decorate any garden.

Description of apple variety Iyulskoe Chernenko

Before you buy a seedling for planting in your area, you need to study all the characteristics of the selected apple hybrid. First of all, pay attention to the description of the yield, the taste of the fruit, fruiting and general characteristics of the tree.

General information

Yulskoye Chernenko variety belongs to apple trees with early fruit ripening. The hybrid was bred by the breeder S. F. Chernenko. A new variety was named after him. To obtain a hybrid, the breeder crossed the varieties Anis Scarlet and Papirovka.

Tree height

The tree is tall. In height, the main trunk reaches from 5 to 7 cm. Due to the height, the tree differs markedly from other apple trees.

Foliage

The crown is rounded. Thickness is average. Branches grow up. The leaves are small, light green in color, pointed in shape, carved along the edges. The tip is sharp.

Apples

Medium sized ripe apples. The shape of the fruit is round, the skin is ribbed. The skin tone is light green, with a slight raspberry blush and rich red stripes all over the skin.

A wax coating is visible on the peel. Some fruits have a seam, as in the parent variety Papirovka.

Characteristics of the July Chernenko

When studying the characteristics of a tree, attention is paid to crown formation, pollination of inflorescences, winter hardiness and taste of fruits.

Crown formation

The crown is pruned every spring and autumn. If you do not prune the tree, then soon it will grow, and fruiting will decrease. In the spring, formative pruning is carried out. And in the fall, diseased and damaged branches are cut.

Color pollination

Apple variety July Chernenko is self-infertile. Other varieties of apples are planted next to the tree. In addition, you need to attract bees to the garden. For example, spray the inflorescences with a sugar or honey solution.

Increasing winter hardiness

First of all, to increase the winter hardiness of any fruit tree, you need to mulch the soil every year. In addition, it is important to regularly apply mineral and organic fertilizers.

Apple resistance to diseases and pests

The hybrid of apple trees Iyulskoye Chernenko is resistant to the main diseases of fruit trees, except for scab.

Taste and smell of fruits

The flesh of ripe apples is light green, juicy, with a sweet and sour aftertaste. The aroma is pronounced. Apples ripen in the last days of July and until the first decade of August.

Vitamins and trace elements of apple

The composition of apples includes a large amount of iron and ascorbic acid. In addition, the pulp is rich in B vitamins, magnesium, phosphorus and other trace elements useful for the human body.

Growing areas

The Central and Volga regions are suitable for growing the Iulskoye Chernenko variety. Because of its frost resistance, the tree is suitable for cultivation in Siberia.

Life span and fruiting

The life span of a tree is no more than 35 years. Even if the tree grows longer, the yield will decrease. Fruiting begins on the 4-5th year after planting the seedling in the ground.

Planting an apple tree

Planting a tree is an important stage during which the future yield of an apple tree is laid. Young fragile seedlings need increased care.

Preparatory work

Preparatory work includes:

• Selection and soil preparation.
• Choosing a seedling for planting.
• Preparing the seedling for planting.

Preparatory work takes at least 3 weeks.

Choosing a landing site

The variety is unpretentious to the place of planting. The tree grows well in full sun and shade. But still, it is desirable to give preference to sunny areas.

Soil preparation

The soil is prepared a few weeks before planting the seedling. The soil is dug up and fertilized. Wood ash, rotted compost and nitrogen-containing fertilizers are added to the soil. The fertilizer is then mixed with the soil and left for 2-3 weeks.

Dig a hole

The pit for planting a seedling is dug on the day the apple tree is planted.

Seedling selection

Only he althy seedlings with no signs of damage are chosen for planting. The roots should be whole and elastic.

Preparing the seedling for planting

Before planting in the ground, the root system of the seedling is placed in preparations that accelerate growth.

Distance between seedlings

July Chernenko is planted in groups of 3 seedlings. The distance between the trees is at least 5 m.

When can I plant a tree

The most favorable period for planting is autumn, from the last days of September to mid-October.

Disembarkation: what's what

Steps of planting a seedling:

• Dig a hole and fill it with fertilizer, leave for 2-3 weeks.
• Soak the rhizome in a growth activator a few hours before planting.
• The pit must be at least 70 cm deep.
• Put the seedling in the hole, straighten the roots and cover with soil.
• Tamp the soil near the trunk.

At the end of planting, pour plenty of warm water on the tree. Drive a stake near the trunk and tie an apple tree to it.

How to grow an apple tree

Apple care includes:

• Fertilization.
• Water and loosen the soil.
• Crown formation.
• Disease and insect prevention.

You can increase the fruiting of an apple tree with the right care.

Shaping the crown by trimming

Cut the root from the 2nd year after planting. Cut dry and damaged branches. They also shorten the branches of last year's growth.

Flowering and pollination

To increase pollination, other varieties of fruit trees are planted next to the apple tree. In addition, they attract bees by spraying the inflorescences with a honey solution.

Irrigation

During the season, the apple tree is watered 4 times. First time in spring. The second time after the appearance of the kidneys. The third time after flowering and the fourth - with the beginning of the collection of fruits. Watering is stopped in autumn.

Protection of the tree from pests and diseases

As a preventive measure, apple trees are sprayed every spring with a solution of Bordeaux mixture.

Apple tree nutrition

The first dressing is applied in the spring after the snow melts. Use nitrogen-containing fertilizers. The second time apple trees are fed during the formation of buds with phosphorus and potassium. The third dressing is applied during the period of fruit formation. The last time apple trees are fed before frosts with organic fertilizers.

Mulching

Mulch the apple tree in autumn with peat, humus or straw. The layer of mulch should be at least 20 cm.

Which pollinator varieties are needed

The best pollinating trees include apple varieties:

• White pouring.
• Grushovka Moscow.
• Lungwort.
• Quinty.

Apple trees are planted at a distance of 4-5 m from each other.

Fruiting

Fruiting begins in mid-July and continues until August. Apples ripen massively.

Selection

Propagation of the apple tree occurs with the help of layering, cuttings, seeds and grafting. The easiest way to grow an apple tree is July Chernenko using cuttings or planting an adult seedling.

Harvest

The first harvest of the apple-tree Iyulskoye Chernenko is harvested at the end of July. Apples are harvested as soon as they start to ripen. Due to the weight of the fruit, branches often break.

Collection

Harvest starts in July. It is advisable to immediately pick apples from trees, without waiting until they themselves fall from the tree. Apples are also picked from the ground, but most of these fruits turn out to be wormy.

Storage

Store the harvested crop in a dark, cool room at temperatures up to +15 degrees. With proper storage, the fruits are stored until late autumn. Apples are laid out on a flat surface in one layer. They need to be inspected regularly and those fruits that have begun to rot should be thrown away.

But it is best to eat apples as soon as possible after harvest or use them for cooking.

Yulskoye Chernenko variety is not a winter variety, therefore it cannot be stored for a long time even under ideal conditions.

Transportation

Due to the dense skin, apples lend themselves well to transportation over long distances. The fruits are suitable for sale in markets and shops.

Use

Ripe apples are versatile in use. They are eaten fresh because the flesh of the fruit is juicy and sweet. Apples are also suitable for making pies, pies and other pastries. Jam, jams, marmalade, compotes are made from apples.

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