Apple tree Orlik: description and characteristics of the variety, cultivation and care with a photo

A worthy variety of fruit and berry crops is the Orlik variety. The tree brings abundant harvests of juicy, sweet apples. Regular fruiting is one of the main advantages of the species. Fruits are a storehouse of nutrients and vitamins. The ability to tolerate low temperatures allows the plant to be cultivated everywhere. The Orlik apple tree has long been appreciated by many. For these reasons, the variety is in great demand among farms and private consumers.

Description of the Orlik apple tree

The history of the Orlik variety begins in 1959. The new variety was obtained thanks to selective experiments with Bessemyanka Michurinskaya and Macintosh. The name comes from the region of its creation - the Oryol region. The tree has a number of features:

1. The fruit ripening period is winter.
2. Frost resistance.
3. Regular, abundant harvests.
4. The taste of fragrant apples is sweet.
5. Resistance to fungal diseases.

Apple blossoms in late spring. Inflorescences change color: the red tint is replaced by pale pink. In the first year of life, it is recommended to cut off up to 80% of the flowers, which will improve the survival of the cutting. The variety is fast growing. The first abundant harvest will bring 4 years after planting. One tree produces up to 45 kg of sweet apples.

Fruits are cone-shaped. The fruits are medium in size. Ripe apples are yellow with a pink spot on the side. On a dense skin, a wax coating is an additional protection against harmful bacteria and fungi. The pulp of apples is juicy, sweet.

Characteristics of the variety

Characteristic features of Orlik determine the landing algorithm, the necessary procedures for caring for him.

Height

The variety is considered medium-sized. The height of the trunk is up to 5 m. The bark of the tree is smooth. Due to the low growth, planting will not take up much space.

Crown width

The crown of an adult apple tree is spherical in shape. It reaches 2 m in diameter. Branches with ends raised horizontally depart from the main conductor. Round, dark green foliage.

Winter hardiness

A distinctive feature of Orlik is the ability to withstand low temperatures. To protect the plant from sunburn, the soil near the tree is mulched.

Pollinator varieties

Cultivar Orlik is not capable of self-pollination. To get a crop, he needs pollinating varieties:

• Bogatyr;
• Renet;
• North Sinap;
• Moscow winter;
• Chernenko.

Self-fertility

The apple tree is self-fertile. Its fruiting is not dependent on climate change. It pleases with a bountiful harvest every year. 100 kg are harvested from one adult apple tree. The weight of one fruit is 110-200 g.

Tasting evaluation

Excellent palatability varieties are highly appreciated by gardeners. The pulp of apples is sweet with a slightly noticeable sourness. One fruit contains useful trace elements, vitamins, sugar, pectin.

Use Orlik apples for different purposes:

1. During the diet.
2. To restore metabolism.
3. To prevent atherosclerosis, heart attack.

Advantages and disadvantages of the apple tree

The variety has a number of advantages, thanks to which the apple tree is in great demand in modern gardening:

1. Regular, abundant fruiting.
2. Resistant to severe frosts.
3. Sweet fruit taste.
4. Immunity to plant diseases.

Specific features of the apple tree should be taken into account for proper tree care:

1. Fully ripened fruits do not stay on the branches for a long time. They fall to the ground. Should be harvested in time.
2. The variety has dormant seasons without fruiting. It is impossible to predict their regularity.

Fitting nuances

Planting an apple tree is easy. For quality performance, you should follow the recommendations of experienced gardeners.

When is the best time to plant

The best time to plant a seedling is September or October. Before the onset of cold weather, a young tree will have time to adapt to the environment, strengthen the rhizome.

How to choose and prepare a place for an apple tree

The best option is landing on the hill of the site. The location of groundwater should not be close to the roots of the plant. Due to excessive moisture, the seedling may rot.

A distance between apple trees of at least 2 m should be observed. The area for planting is cleared of debris, rotten fruits, dry branches. Prepare a soil mixture of several components:

• clay;
• sand;
• peat;
• humus;
• compost.

How to plant seedlings

The stages of planting Orlik seedlings are easy to perform:

1. Prepare the landing pit.
2. Lower the cutting of the apple tree. Straighten the roots. Leave the root neck 7 cm above the ground. Sprinkle with a mixture of soil and fertilizers. Tamp fit.
3. Sprinkle plenty of water.

For even growth of the tree, it is fixed with pegs, which are placed on both sides of the seedling.

Rules of care

Orlik variety is undemanding to care for. Mandatory procedures must be followed to maintain a he althy fit.

Water the apple tree

Watering the apple tree should be regular. At least 5 buckets of water are spent on an adult tree. The frequency and abundance of watering is adjusted depending on the climate. In case of severe drought, moisturizing is carried out more often.

Fertilization

Orlik apple trees are fertilized a year after planting:

1. In the spring, urea, ammonium nitrate are used as top dressing.
2. When digging near a tree, the soil is sprinkled with wood ash.
3. Before the onset of cold weather, liquid mullein is mixed with superphosphates, ammonium nitrate is added. Planting is poured with a mixture.

Apple tree pruning

In the spring, a sanitary cleaning of the crown of the Orlik apple tree is mandatory. Remove dry, old, damaged branches. Timely pruning helps increase yields.

Disease prevention

Prevention allows you to prevent the defeat of the Orlik variety by fungal diseases, insect pests:

1. In the spring, the apple tree is sprayed with a solution of Karbofos. This will kill the aphids, the red mite.
2. Powdery mildew, fruit rot, scab will be relieved by treatment with Bordeaux liquid.
3. Tree trunks are regularly whitewashed with lime. She will save the apple tree from lichen.

Subspecies variety

In modern horticulture, there are several options for the shape of Orlik apple tree seedlings:

1. Dwarf.
2. Semi-dwarf.

Each of the subspecies has a number of advantages:

1. Winter hardy.
2. Compact.
3. Bearing bountifully.

Use similar tree shapes to decorate city parks, small garden areas.

Features of cultivation in different regions of Russia

Due to the peculiarities of the Orlik apple tree variety, it is cultivated in many regions of the country:

1. Central District.
2. Cities of the Central Black Earth regions.
3. Northwest Territory.
4. Moscow region.
5. The territory of the middle lane.
6. Ural.

Despite the high level of winter hardiness, the Orlik variety is not recommended for planting in Siberia. A prolonged period of low temperatures will negatively affect the tree.

Harvest and storage of crops

Orlik apples are fully ripe by mid-September. It is important to pluck ripe fruits in a timely manner. They do not hang long on the branches. Ripe fruits quickly fall to the ground.Fallen apples are not subject to long-term storage. They are immediately processed into compotes, preserves, jams, marmalade.

Plucked fruits are neatly laid out in wooden boxes. For better storage, sprinkle with sawdust. The optimal places for the location of apples are a cellar, a refrigerator, an attic. The temperature in the place of their storage should not exceed +5 degrees A distinctive feature of the Orlik variety is the ability to store for a long time Subject to the rules, apples will not lose their marketable appearance and taste until spring.

Orlik variety is a popular fruit crop. It is widely distributed in many regions of the country. Due to the endurance of low temperatures, the apple tree takes root well in the northern regions. Gardeners highly appreciate the tree's ability to bear regularly and abundantly. He althy tasty apples become the highlight of any garden.

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