Bratchud apple tree: description and characteristics of the variety, cultivation and care with photo

Many gardeners, both beginners and experienced, have already appreciated the merits of the Bratchud apple tree. The fruit tree has many remarkable qualities that distinguish it from other varieties. Before growing, it is better to familiarize yourself with the characteristics in detail, this will avoid shortcomings.

History of selection

Bratchud variety was bred by the Chelyabinsk Research Institute in order to grow a fruit tree that is not afraid of Siberian frosts. For crossbreeding, Winter Ural and Weeping Vydubetskoye were used. Until 2002, the apple tree was grown only in Siberia, but thanks to its merits, it quickly spread throughout the country.

Features of the winter variety of the Bratchud apple tree

Bratchud has many advantages noted by gardeners. Bratchud features include:

frost resistance;
taste of fruits;
yield;
constant fruiting.

Brother Chudny variety has a small drawback - a weak immune system. The tree is often sick with scab and powdery mildew.

The appearance of the tree

Bratchud apple tree does not stand out among similar fruit crops by external features, but it is better to study the description of the tree. Knowledge will allow you to avoid mistakes in growing and even choosing a place for planting a seedling.

Barrel length

The height of the dwarf rarely exceeds 2.5 m. Even with proper care on nutrient soils, Bratchud does not try to grow in height, preferring to devote all his strength to fruiting.

Crown width

The branches of the plant are horizontal to the surface of the soil. The crown is spreading, rather dense. The width often reaches 4 m.

The nuances of ripening and fruiting

To appreciate the benefits of the Bratchud variety, it is recommended to study the characteristics of ripening and fruiting. This will make sure that the choice was made correctly.

Start

The variety begins to bear fruit only 4-5 years after planting. In warm regions on nutrient soils, the first fruits appear in just three years.

Yields

Bratchud variety is quite fruitful. An adult tree gives up to one and a half centners of juicy fruits. Weight of one fruit - up to 180 g.

Terms of flowering and ripening

Bretchud apple tree blooms at the end of April or even the beginning of May. In harsh conditions, the first buds often bloom even at the end of spring.

Fruit ripening starts from the end of April and lasts until the end of September. In cool conditions, apples stay on trees until almost mid-autumn.

Apple tasting evaluation

Brutchud fruits are juicy, fleshy, green in color with a pink bright blush. The taste is very sweet, there is a slight sourness.

Collecting and storing the fruit

Bratchud apples have a strong petiole that does not allow ripe fruits to crumble. You have to harvest directly from the tree. Store in cool conditions. At a temperature, the fruits will be perfectly preserved for almost half a year.

Technical data

Studying the technical data will equip you with knowledge that will facilitate the process of caring for the Bratchud apple tree. It is recommended to study the immunity, resistance and endurance of the plant.

Life span of a tree

One of the downsides of the Bratchud apple tree is its short lifespan. Even with maximum care, timely top dressing, the tree will cease to bear fruit in 20 years, and you will have to replace it with young plants.

Disease resistance

Despite being resistant to cold temperatures, Bratchud has a weak immune system. The tree is often affected by scab, rot, in a particularly rainy summer, powdery mildew spreads on apple trees.

Winter hardiness

Bratchud apple tree is a leader in durability, easily tolerates even frosty winters with temperatures up to 40 degrees below zero. The only thing that can disturb a tree is the freezing of the roots.

Subspecies and variants

The Bratchud apple tree has many subspecies, each of which has its own pluses and minuses. The variety is widely used in breeding work to develop new varieties.

Crawling

The apple tree has a flat, almost horizontal crown. The height of an adult plant is up to 2.5 m. The fruits are not too large - up to 150 g.

Low

The height of an adult apple tree is up to 2 m. Apples of medium size are 130-150 g. Fruiting is early, already in the third year after planting young trees it will be possible to harvest.

Dwarf

One of the differences of a tree is that even a ten-year-old apple tree does not exceed one and a half meters in height. This does not affect the mass of fruits - the weight of apples ranges from 140 to 150 g.

Super Dwarf

Considered a tiny apple tree, an adult tree barely reaches one meter in height. Among the shortcomings - after a dozen years, the apple tree is rapidly reducing its yield.

How to grow an apple tree

To achieve active fruiting and rapid growth of the tree will turn out with the right care. We should not forget about observing the rules for planting a seedling.

Features of planting and care

It is recommended to plant the Bratchud apple tree in sunny areas. In advance, you should take care of protection from wind, drafts - plant a tree in a cozy corner.

Carefully study the location of groundwater, if they are too close, there is a risk of destroying the roots of the plant.

Preparing the seedling and hole

Before planting, soak the roots in warm water or clay mixture (stir 500 g of clay in a bucket of water).

Prepare a small hole - no more than half a meter in diameter. The depth of the pit is also up to half a meter.

What soil composition is needed

Mix the soil mixture in advance - combine river sand, compost, peat. Be sure to add garden soil. Do not add fertilizer, but if the composition of the soil is too poor, pour a little mineral fertilizer into the soil mixture.

Planting a tree

Landing is usually carried out - place the roots in the hole, straighten, making sure there are no creases. Pour the soil mixture carefully, checking whether the voids between the shoots are completely filled. Be sure to immediately tie to the support.

Irrigation

After planting, irrigate the soil, a bucket of water is enough for a seedling. An adult tree will also need watering, especially in hot summers. Be sure to carry out loosening and weed removal in advance.

Feeding

Bratchud is fed with nitrogen fertilizers in spring. During the warm season, it is recommended to use organic top dressing. In autumn, the last fertilization should be carried out in October - water the soil with complex compounds.

Crown pruning

It is not necessary to cut the crown annually, the variety is not prone to thickening. Only too long shoots, broken or frost-damaged branches are shortened.The first pruning is carried out the next year after planting. Usually only the trunk is removed, the cut is at a height of half a meter from the soil surface.

Insect and infection treatment

Insects occupy Bratchud rarely, to avoid the spread of pests will be sparing folk remedies. Against diseases, carry out preventive irrigation regularly, starting in spring. Use chemicals with copper as the active ingredient.

Mulching

Lay the mulching layer immediately after planting seedlings. Regularly update the compost or humus. Before winter frosts, cover the trunk circle with a thick layer - this will protect against freezing.

Due to its palatability and hardiness, Brunchud is grown not only in harsh conditions, but also in warmer regions of the country. The apple tree will certainly please you with a harvest of sweet juicy fruits that are used in desserts, preserves, and are enjoyed fresh.